identity - gender Flashcards
(7 cards)
what are the seven factors of why gender can affect identity?
- male peer groups (Mac & Ghaill)
- teachers and discipline (Mac & Ghaill/Francis)
- the male gaze (Mac & Ghaill)
- double standard
- verbal abuse (Francis)
- female peer groups: policing identity
(archer) - identity, class and girl’s achievement
- successful working class girls
What is the main principle of Mac & Ghaill’s Male Peer groups theory about identity?
Verbal abuse within these groups reinforces their definition of masculinity e.g. macho lads
What is the main principle of Mac an Ghaill and Francis’s Teachers and Discipline theory about identity?
Mac an Ghaill: male teachers told boys off for behaving like girls and teased them for achieving lower marks then female students
Francis: girls expected to be quiet/conformist, if girls don’t conform to these expectations they are punished more heavily
What is the main principle of Mac an Ghaill’s The Male Gaze theory about identity?
Surveillance where dominant masculinity is reinforced and femininity is devalued, through uniform and calling boys who don’t display heterosexuality gay
What is the main principle of The Double Standards theory about identity?
Applying one set of morals to one group but a different set to another: boys boast about sexual adventures vs. girls being called a slag if she doesn’t have a steady boyfriend/dresses in a certain way. Reinforces ‘hegemonic masculinity’ and subordination of female identities
What is the main principle of Francis’s Verbal Abuse theory about identity?
Boys dominate classroom discussion/belittle the contribution of girls. Belittle behaviour seen as girly or gay like being friendly with girls and boys abuse terms related to women or female body parts. Reinforces heterosexual masculinity, encouraging boys to act in a non-girly way.
What is the main principle of Archer’s Female Peer Groups: Policing Identity theory about identity?
WC girls gained symbolic capital by performing hyper-heterosexual feminine identity. Fail to perform = ‘tramp’, too competitive = ‘slut-shaming’, don’t compete = ‘frigid shaming’.
