Images In Pathology

Question 0

Encapsulated

Answer 0

Surrounded by a fibrous capsule

Appearance
Thick pink border surrounds
the lesion

Ex
Follicular adenoma,thyroid

Question 1

Circumscribed

Answer 1

Well-delineated lesion

Appearance
Well-defined border between
normal tissue and the lesion

Example
Fibroadenoma

Question 2

Infiltrative

Answer 2

Invading into and among the surrounding normal cells

Appearance : Poorly defined border with normal tissue

Question 3

Lobular

Answer 3

Circumscribed or grouped architecture

Appearance : Circumscribed, rounded
nodules of cells, simulates a normal anatomic unit

Question 4

Pushing border

Answer 4

Circumscribed, rounded
nodules of cells, simulates a normal anatomic unit

Appearance : Can create the appearance of a capsule

Question 5

Serpiginous Border

Answer 5

Winding snake like

Appearance : irregular , curving

Question 6

Cellularity of a lesion - what does a lesion with hypercellularity look like

Answer 6

Tissue that is more cellular than the normal for that site (hypercellular) often looks ‘blue’ since there are more nuclei packed into a given area and nuclei stain blue on H and E.

Question 7

What some of the possible causes the blue-ish appearance in cells that’s are hypercellular

Answer 7

• Inflammation – influx of neutrophils (mainly seen in acute inflammation) or lymphocytes (characteristic of chronic inflammation)
• Presence of lymphoid tissue – lymphocytes have very little cytoplasm on H and E so they always look blue
• Tissue Repair in an early stage – granulation tissue – recently formed, quickly growing, very vascular tissue with inflammatory cells and nuclei of fibroblasts that are about to start making collagen
• Neoplasm – Many neoplasms (usually seen as ‘tumors’) are hypercellular compared to the tissue normally seen in that site. Since increased nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio is a characteristic of malignant cells, most malignancies appear as a very blue lesion on H and E.

Question 8

Alveolar

Answer 8

Define: In little sacs or nests

Appearance :Nested structure

Question 9

Biphasic

Answer 9

Define :Having components of two cell

appearance: Spindled cells with islands of lineages

glands

Question 10

Bosselsted

Answer 10

Define: Having bumps that stick out

Appearance: Rounded Probuterances

Question 11

Cribiform

Answer 11

Define: Perforated, like a collander

Appearance: Well-formed holes within a glandular lumen

Question 12

Discohesive

Answer 12

Define: Falling apart into single cells
Appearance: No common borders among cells

Question 13

Eburnated

Answer 13

Like ivory

Appearance : polished, shiny surface

Question 14

Epithelioid

Answer 14

Define: round to oval cells with lots of cytoplasm
Appearance: cells look plump ( opposite is ‘sarcomatoid’)

Question 15

Fascicular

Answer 15

Define : composed of fascicles

Appearance: bundles of elongated spindly cells streaming in polarized arrays

Question 16

Friable

Answer 16

Soft and falling apart

Crumbly

Question 17

Glandular

Answer 17

Forming gland structures with
lumens

True glands have polarized cells radiating around a
lumen

Question 18

Herringbone

Answer 18

Resembling a pattern of tweed fabric

Varying of fasicular that shows bundles alternating in a zig-zag array

Question 19

Hobnailed

Answer 19

Resembling a large headed nail used for shoes

Epithelial or endothelial cells round up and protrude into the lumen as little nails

Question 20

Indian file

Answer 20

Cells infiltrate through the tissue in single file lines

Lines may be only 3-4 cells long

Question 21

Micropapillary

Answer 21

Papillary- shaped epithelial projections without true fibrovascular cores

Can have a medusa head appearance ( serious carcinoma )

Question 22

Pagetoid spread

Answer 22

Single malignant cells scattered throughout a benign epidermis

Cells stand out at low power not belonging in the epithelium

Question 23

Palisading

Answer 23

Resembling a fence made of sharp stakes

Parallel arrays of nuclei that catch your eye at low power as a dark border

Question 24

Papyraceus

Answer 24

Parchment - like

Question 25

Papillary

Answer 25

Exophytic growth patten with fibrovascular cores supporting proliferative epithelium Cauliflower or coral shaped structures with branching fibrovascular cores

Question 26

Pedunculated

Answer 26

With a stalk

Question 27

Polarized

Answer 27

Epithelial cells with a uniform nuclear position, either apical (lumen side) or basal (basement membrane side) Polarized cells surrounding a true lumen should show a distinct halo of cytoplasm surrounding the lumen, if the nuclei are basal

Question 28

Reticular

Answer 28

Resembling a network or net-like array Microcystic or honeycomb appearance

Question 29

Rosettes

Answer 29

Group of nonepithelial cells that are clustered and crowned around a common center Pseudorosettes form around a vessel, true rosettes form around a lumen or fibrillary core

Question 30

Sessile

Answer 30

Attached directly to the base, no stalk

Question 31

Spindled

Answer 31

Composed of elongated cells with fusiform nuceli Sheets or fascicles of fusiform cells, suggests a lesion is either a soft tissue neoplasm or a sarcomatoid variant of something else

Question 32

Storiform

Answer 32

Having a cartwheel pattern - spindle cells with elongated nuclei radiating from a center point Cellular spindles lesion with whorls of cells as opposed to parallel fascicles or right angle bundles

Question 33

Syncytial

Answer 33

Having a cytoplasmic continuity between the constituent cells Looks like a collection of nuclei without recognizable cell borders

Question 34

Trabecular

Answer 34

In cord-like arrays separated by fibrous septa Long nests and cords of cell groups

Question 35

Amphophilic

Answer 35

Having affinity for both acid and basic dyes Has an unique character, almost an iridescent purple

Question 36

Foamy macrophages

Answer 36

Macrophages stuffed with lipids Macrophages with small dark eccentric nucleus, lipid vacuoles have granular appearance

Question 37

Granular

Answer 37

Containing granules or tiny vacuoles Granular texture

Question 38

Keratinized

Answer 38

Keratin- producing | Very pink and dense appearance on H and E stain

Question 39

Mucous

Answer 39

Mucinous or producing mucin, AKA colloid Mucin looks clear after processing but can be stained with mucicarmine or PAS

Question 40

Oncocytic

Answer 40

Large cells with granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, due to lots of mitochondria Oncocytes are usually cytoplogically bland ( uniform, small, dense nuclei) and look pink on H and E

Question 41

Plasmacytoid

Answer 41

Like plasma cells Round cells with abundant cytoplasm and an eccentric round nucleus

Question 42

Signet ring

Answer 42

Having the shape of a ring with a flattened nucleus compressed by a cytoplasm stuffed with mucin Can be hard to see ,see on low power as non- Specific pink material in the lamina propria

Question 43

Clock face

Answer 43

Evenly distributed and clumped chromatin Looks like we soccer ball

Question 44

Molding

Answer 44

Nuclei that press together and indent each other due to the near- absence of cytoplasm Mosaic like appearance

Question 45

Neuroendocrine

Answer 45

Having finely speckled or salt and pepper nuceli Nuclei are round without nucleoli, speckled