Immune System/microbe/disease

Question 1

What is a microbe

Answer 1

Small living things sometimes called micro organisms, can’t be seen by the naked eye eg bacteria viruses and fungi

Question 2

What is a bacteria

Answer 2

Single cell organisms with no nucleus shaped like a rod, spherical or comma, 1/1000mm, reproduce quick, may cause disease or be helpful

Question 3

What is a viruses

Answer 3

Simple organisms, dot display all characteristics of living things,regular are geometric shapes,1/1000000,only grow and reproduce within living things, made of protein coated in genetic material, simple organ

Question 4

What is fungi

Answer 4

Most comple structures of all microbes, different shapes, can be seen by naked eye

Question 5

uses

Answer 5

Bacteria growth used to turn milk to yoghurt, used to make meat substitute and the yeast makes bread

Question 6

Immune system define

Answer 6

Complex network of organs and cells that defends the body against infection, whilst protecting the body’s own cells

Question 7

1st lane of defence

Answer 7

Prevent pathogens from entering the body
Skin- an effective barrier
Fluids- tears, saliva have mind antiseptic properties
Hair and mucous in nose& throat- catch dust and harmful substances
Acid- in stomach
Diarrhoea - a rapid way of ridding the body of pathogens that have go past the stomach

Question 8

2nd line of defence

Answer 8

Inflammation is triggered WBCs activated
Affected area goes red, hot, swollen (inflamed)
Inflammation response of infection
Damaged cells release chemical that causes an increase in blood flow to affected area
WBCs called neutrophils make way over to consume bacteria (neutrophils+bacteria=PUS)

Question 9

Lympatic system with 3rd line of defence

Answer 9

Active lymphatic system is activated
System is a series of vessels & capillaries that carry fluid form around cells bac to hear
Lymphatic system has lymph nodes

Question 10

3rd line of defence

Answer 10

First time lymphocytes meet specific pathogen, they make antibodies that work on that pathogen
When immune system meets same pathegeonit is destroyed

Question 11

How immune system distinguishes between harmful parthenogenesis and the body’s own cells

Answer 11

All cells have specific identifications molecules (antigens) on their surface
Recognise invaders by antigens
Each person has own self antigens

Question 12

What are antigens

Answer 12

Proteins on surface of invading cells