Immunologic Diseases

Question 1

Which type of immunity is responsible for protection within the first few days of microbial invasion and is described as “hard-wired”?

Answer 1

Innate immunity

Question 2

Diseases associated with insufficient immune function are known as?

Answer 2

Immunodeficiencies

Question 3

Excessive innate immune responses can cause tissue damage primarily by?

Answer 3

Triggering inappropriate inflammation

Question 4

According to the simple classification, which type of excessive adaptive immune response is mediated by mast cells and eosinophils?

Answer 4

Type I

Question 5

Primary or congenital immunodeficiency diseases usually develop in animals of what age?

Answer 5

Very young animals (< 6 months old)

Question 6

Defects in the innate and antibody-mediated immune systems tend to result in uncontrollable infections caused by?

Answer 6

Bacteria

Question 7

What is a central feature of innate immunity, involving cells found in tissues and blood that engulf foreign material?

Answer 7

Phagocytosis

Question 8

Chediak-Higashi syndrome results from a defect in phagosomal function and has been recorded in which of the animals?

Answer 8

Cats, mink, cattle, and orcas

Question 9

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency is characterized by the absence of which essential surface glycoprotein on leukocytes?

Answer 9

Integrin

Question 10

Which condition is commonly associated with recurrent infections in calves, lambs, and foals due to insufficient maternal antibodies?

Answer 10

Failure of passive transfer

Question 11

What viral infections is causing a profound combined immunodeficiency by infecting and killing lymphocytes in puppies?

Answer 11

Canine Distemper Virus

Question 12

What is a key diagnostic indicator for combined immunodeficiency (CID) in Arabian foals, making it difficult to identify at necropsy?

Answer 12

Absent or architecturally abnormal thymus

Question 13

Which breed of dog has a breed predilection for severe and often fatal canine parvovirus infections, even though their resistance to other infections is normal?

Answer 13

Rottweilers

Question 14

What is believed to be the cause of the excessive inflammation in canine rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 14

Deposition of immune complexes in the synovia

Question 15

What type of cells typically predominate in the synovial fluid of dogs with plasmacytic-lymphocytic synovitis?

Answer 15

Lymphocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophils

Question 16

Immune-mediated Meningitis primarily affects which age group of dogs?

Answer 16

Adolescent or young adult dogs

Question 17

What is the severe form of shock caused by severe infections and associated with trauma, ischemia, and tissue injury called?

Answer 17

Septic shock

Question 18

What is the potentially lethal shock syndrome caused by the most extreme form of Type I hypersensitivity called?

Answer 18

Anaphylaxis

Question 19

In dogs, the major organ affected by anaphylactic shock is ________

Answer 19

Liver

Question 20

Atopic dermatitis is a complex pruritic, chronic skin disorder often triggered in dogs by?

Answer 20

Inhaled allergens like house dust mites or pollens

Question 21

Type II hypersensitivity reactions occur when an antibody binds to an antigen present on the surface of ____

Answer 21

Cells

Question 22

What immune-mediated disease results from the production of autoantibodies against erythrocyte (RBC) or platelet antigens?

Answer 22

Immune-mediated Hemolytic Anemia (IMHA) and Thrombocytopenia