Implicit Needs Flashcards
What is implicit needs?
- Reflect social needs, thus unfolds in social context
- Reactive but also anticipatory
What is social needs?
An acquired psychological process that grows out of one’s socialization history that activate emotional responses to a particular need-relevant incentive
- Situational influenced; incentive + particular need
What are quasi needs?
Situational induced wants and desires that are not full-blown needs
- Have a sense of urgency
- Disappear once satisfied
How does one satisfy social needs?
- Through experience, development and socialization
- Not set early on, emerge and change over time
What are components of social need and their incentive?
- Achievement
Show off one’s competence - Affiliation
To please others and gain their approval - Intimacy
Warm and secure relationship - Power
Have an impact on others
How can social needs motivate behavior?
- Activates emotional and behavioral potential when need-satisfying incentives appear
- Is a social event learned as positive or negative?
What is achievement?
The desire to do well relative to a standard of excellence
What is “a standard of excellence”?
Any challenge to a person’s sense of competence that ends with an objective outcome of success vs failure
- Competitions with a task, with self or others
- Two-edged sword
When facing standards of excellence, what are the types of responses from individuals?
- Low need; avoidance-oriented feelings
- High need; approach-oriented feelings
- Varies in choice, latency, effort, persistence and willingness to take on responsibilities
What are examples of origins of the need for achievement?(influences)
Socialization Influences
- Internalization
- Influences from early childhood, but can change
Cognitive Influences
- Perception of ability
- Mastery orientation
- Expectations
- Different types of mindsets
Developmental Influences
- Achievement-related beliefs, values and emotions
- Internalization
What is the Atkinson’s Model about?
- Motivation is an inherent struggle of approach vs avoidance
- The need for achievement partly predict behavior
Individual need for achievement and probability of success
Atkinson’s Model - Components
- Achievement behavior and 3 predictors;
- Need for achievement
- Probability of success
- Incentive for success
Atkinson’s Model - Tendency to approach success
- Motivated to succeed
- Perceived probability of succeeding
Their own ability - Right incentives
Difficulty of the task
Atkinson’s Model - Tendency to avoid failure
- Motive to avoid
Defend against loss of self-esteem, social respect, rejection etc - Probability of failure
- Negative incentives
Future Achievement Orientation
Individual’s psychological distance from a long-term achievement goal
- Generates less approach
- Can be used as motivation for the present-day
