India's Defence (and nought more)

Question 1

What was now the ratio of Indian to British troops?

Answer 1

Indian:British ; 1:2

Question 2

At the time of the mutiny how many British troops were there in India?

Answer 2

Less than 40,000

Question 3

By the late 1880s, what did the numbers of troops rise to (Br v In)

Answer 3

70,000 Britons and 125,000 native troops

Question 4

How many of the Bengali regiments were disbanded and out of what?

Answer 4

62 out of 74

Question 5

In the decade following the mutiny how much had the railways grown.

Answer 5

By 3,000 miles of track

Question 6

How long after the mutiny did it take for the railways to grow by 3,000 miles of track?

Answer 6

a decade

Question 7

India’s defence (5)

Answer 7

1. Background (2)
2. Strengthening of British Indian Army and Prevention of Further Mutiny (5)
3. Training and Stationing of Native Indian Troops (2)
4. Importance of Railways (4)
5. Imperial Police Force (3)

Question 8

India’s defence (5)
1. Background (2)

Answer 8

a. 1857 Mutiny highlighted the risk to British lives, interests, and investments in India.
b. Control over India was not taken for granted.

Question 9

India’s defence (5)
2. Strengthening of British Indian Army and Prevention of Further Mutiny (5)

Answer 9

a. East India Company’s armies were brought under the control of the Crown.
b. Ratios of British to Indian troops changed: (3)
c. All field artillery placed in British hands.
d. Indians placed under British commanders and denied officer ranking.
e. British ordered to show greater respect to sepoy beliefs and traditions.

Question 10

India’s defence (5)
2. Strengthening of British Indian Army and Prevention of Further Mutiny (5)
b. Ratios of British to Indian troops changed: (3)

Answer 10

i. Ratio of British to Indian troops raised to 1:2.
ii. At time of mutiny fewer than 40,000 British troops in India.
iii. Army increased to 70,000 Britons and 125,000 native troops by late 1880s.

Question 11

India’s defence (5)
3. Training and Stationing of Native Indian Troops (2)

Answer 11

a. Preventing a sense of unity: (3)
b. Modifying troops based off of general past loyalty: (4)

Question 12

India’s defence (5)
3. Training and Stationing of Native Indian Troops (2)
a. Preventing a sense of unity: (3)

Answer 12

i. Regiments of native Indian troops were trained and stationed in their own districts.
ii. Cut off from one another.
iii. Deliberately mixed by caste and religion.

Question 13

India’s defence (5)
3. Training and Stationing of Native Indian Troops (2)
b. Modifying troops based off of general past loyalty: (4)

Answer 13

i. Greater numbers of Gurkhas and Sikhs enlisted, replacing Bengali troops.
ii. They had largely been loyal during the mutiny whereas the Bengali troops had not.
iii. 62 of 74 Bengali regiments were disbanded.
iv. The high-caste Brahmin regiments (which had also acted independently) disappeared.

Question 14

India’s defence (5)
4. Importance of Railways (4)

Answer 14

a. Growth of railways increased India’s defence.
b. 3000 miles of track added in the decade following the Mutiny.
c. Exaggerated British presence in India.
d. Enabled swifter deployment of troops in the event of trouble.

Question 15

India’s defence (5)
5. Imperial Police Force (3)

Answer 15

a. Lord Canning (first Viceroy) set up an Imperial Police Force.
b. An extra layer of security to avoid over-reliance on the army.
c. Good for general law enforcement but also it could potentially be security against the army??? I have found no mention of this force on the internet except when it is quoting this textbook. I am also bad at finding things on the internet so don’t think about it too hard.