Industrial revolution Part 2

Question 0

When and where did the IR begin on the European Continent?

Answer 0

Belgium, late 1700’s

Question 1

What time period?

Answer 1

1800-1914

Question 2

What publication, denounced by several religious leaders, appeared in 1859. Why?

Answer 2

On the origin of species- Darwin

Question 3

Why was 1859 an important year for labor unions?

Answer 3

Germany legalized them

Question 4

Remember why Britain was the first place to industrialize?

Answer 4

• natural resources
• land, labor, capital
• population
• enclosure movement
• new technology

Question 5

By the ______ steel had replaced ________ as the great symbol of the IR. Steel girders could support taller buildings and bridges. Steel rails could carry steel trains faster.

Answer 5

Phase l of IR- forged from _____ and powerd by _________ engines and driven by British _________ industry.

Question 6

Phase ll- new ________________. New _________ powered by new __________ used new processes to turn out new ___________. New forms of business organizations led to rise of _________________.

Answer 6

• industrial powers

- factories; sources; products; giant companies

Question 7

At the dawn of the 20th century the 2nd IR will -

Answer 7

Transform the economies of the world

Question 8

How did Britain control it’s industry?

Answer 8

Put law into effect until 1825 against exporting inventions.

Question 9

Where was the first textile industry in the US?

Answer 9

Rhode Island

Question 10

Why was there slower development in Eastern and Southern Europe?

Answer 10

Lacked natural resources, social and political conditions got in the way.

Question 11

What is the process in 1856 that purified iron ore to make steel?

Answer 11

Bessemer process: industry measures success by the output of this for tools, bridges, and railroads.

Question 12

What two inventions make industry move faster?

Answer 12

Assembly line and interchangeable parts which cause more production

Question 13

_________ creates the _________ which is a machine that generates electricity

Answer 13

Faraday; dynamo

Question 14

Who created the first electric lightbulb and what was the result?

Answer 14

Thomas Edison; people can stay out after dark and factories run later

Question 15

What railroad from the Atlantic to the pacific lead to other parts of the world ?

Answer 15

Transcontinental

Question 16

What railroad connected Moscow to European Russia?

Answer 16

Trans-Siberian

Question 17

German who invented gasoline powered engine

Answer 17

Otto

Question 18

Patent for first auto with three wheels

Answer 18

Benz

Question 19

First 4 wheel auto

Answer 19

Daimler

Question 20

Model that went 25mph and he used the assembly line

Answer 20

Henry Ford

Question 21

Air -1903. 12 sec/120 ft

Answer 21

Kitty hawk flown by Orville and Wilbur Wright

Question 22

Morse : coded messages

Answer 22

Telegraph

Question 23

Europe and North America connected in 1860’s by undersea cable created by who?

Answer 23

Field

Question 24

Who patented the telephone?

Answer 24

Alexander Graham Bell

Question 25

Who invented the first radio?

Answer 25

Italian Marconi

Question 26

Phone did owners get capital to invest in new technologies

Answer 26

Owners sold stocks or shares in companies

Question 27

Buisnesses owned by many investors who bought stocks were called what?

Answer 27

Corporations

Question 28

What were the advantages of corporations over proprieters and partnerships.

Answer 28

Owners were responsible for all business debts regardless of investments. Corporations are limited responsibility so they attract more people because there is less risk and you risk only what you put in.

Question 29

1 company having control

Answer 29

Monopoly

Question 30

1901 monopoly

Answer 30

Jp Morgan; steel, oil

Question 31

John d Rockefeller monopoly

Answer 31

Oil

Question 32

Krupp (Germany)

Answer 32

Steel making

Question 33

Several corporations

Answer 33

A cartel

Question 34

What did cartels do?

Answer 34

Controlled all parts of an industry and the market prices.

Question 35

The individual instead of the government controls the factors of oroduction

Answer 35

Capitalism

Question 36

What are the two types of capitalism?

Answer 36

Commercial, industrial

Question 37

Physical and biological sciences develop rapidly in the 1800-1900. What happens as a result?

Answer 37

Population explosion

Question 38

Traits we inherit are called what and who discovered them?

Answer 38

Genetics; Mendel

Question 39

Xrays

Answer 39

Roentgen

Question 40

Radioactivity

Answer 40

Curies

Question 41

E=mc^2

Answer 41

Einstein

Question 42

Inoculation

Answer 42

Jenner

Question 43

Antiseptic

Answer 43

Lister (listerene)

Question 44

First nurse/ Red Cross

Answer 44

Nightingale

Question 45

Mass migration of farms to cities

Answer 45

Urbanization

Question 46

Why are people drawn to cities?

Answer 46

Museums, libraries, theaters, sports, general entertainment

Question 47

Improved sanitation to prevent disease and begin urban renewal helped the overall "_____________________" improve

Answer 47

Standard of living

Question 48

What was city life like?

Answer 48

42 years

Question 49

What was urban renewal?

Answer 49

Rundown places that are renewed.

Question 50

Workers vs. middle class

Answer 50

Blue collar vs. white collar

Question 51

Better standard of living was also improved through

Answer 51

Rapid communication, new sources of power, new products, and mass production

Question 52

Dickens was also known as who?

Answer 52

David Copperfield

Question 53

Who was a famous philosopher and what did he believe?

Answer 53

John Stuart Mill - govt should intervene to help factory conditions - people would obey laws if they could vote - individual liberty a human right- govt should guarantee

Question 54

Who's government was the first to regulate working conditions?

Answer 54

Great Britain

Question 55

Who wrote the Communist Manifesto and what did he believe?

Answer 55

Karl Marx Tribes- shared property and work Slavery- people are owned like property Feudalism- landowners controlled serfs Capitalism- industry developed, sever depression, 2 classes: proletariat and bourgeoise Communism- proletariat revolt and attempt socialism

Question 56

What were two versions of communism and what did each do?

Answer 56

Pure communism- everyone gives and takes what they need, controlled by govt, no rights Democratic communism- human rights but govt still controls

Question 57

What did the factory act of 1819 so?

Answer 57

Prohibited employment of children under 9

Question 58

What did the Ten Hours act do?

Answer 58

Women and children under 18 and all worker proble, was that the law was not enforced.

Question 59

People refusing to work and make a list of demands

Answer 59

Strike

Question 60

Union movement

Answer 60

Workers organized and collected dues to help those on strike - sometimes illegal - combination act: imprisoned associations - finally legalized in Germany - unions negotiated wages, hours, and conditions through collective bargaining

Question 61

Middle class emerges how?

Answer 61

- marry into money, gain titles, and climb social ladder | - divide into upper middle and lower middle

Question 62

What were the divisions of the social levels?

Answer 62

Super rich/ nobility- entrepreneurs Upper middle class- business, professionals, doctors, lawyers Lower middle class- teachers, shopkeepers Working class- factory workers

Question 63

Children were to -

Answer 63

Be seen and not heard; don't embarrass family

Question 64

The ideal wife was in the "-" and books and magazines came out reflecting the idea of _________________

Answer 64

Cult of domesticity; home sweet home

Question 65

There was division of labor at home

Answer 65

Boys did hard work | Women took care of home

Question 66

The support of the _____________ was a ban on alcohol because it threatened the family

Answer 66

Temperance movement.

Question 67

Women's sufferage

Answer 67

- too emotional to vote - liberals and socialists supported it - some countries advanced women's sufferage before - we don't win the vote until after WWI

Question 68

3 r's

Answer 68

Reading, writing, arithmetic

Question 69

What did education help teach?

Answer 69

Punctuality and work ethic. Obedience to authority. And patriotism. Europe taught religion.

Question 70

School system

Answer 70

Elementary, secondary, university.

Question 71

Soccer started in

Answer 71

England

Question 72

Where when who and why was basketball originated?

Answer 72

YMCA in Springfield Massachusetts, in December 1891 and by James Naismith because it was an indoor activity in the winter.

Question 73

Science and technology increases the population to

Answer 73

7 billion

Question 74

Food was preserved how?

Answer 74

Pasteurization and refrigeration

Question 75

Emigration vs.cimmigration

Answer 75

Out of a country vs. into a country.

Question 76

Old movement vs. new movement

Answer 76

N and W Europe vs. S and E europe

Question 77

The growth of social sciences

Answer 77

1. History 2. Psychology (mind) 3. Sociology (relationships) 4. Anthropology (beliefs/behavior) - Freud was the father of modern psych

Question 78

Who were some experimenters in art?

Answer 78

Matisse, cezanne, Gauguin

Question 79

Naturalists

Answer 79

Ugly aspect of life and screened their own emotions

Question 80

Impressionists

Answer 80

Vivid accounts in a glance | Monet, Renoir, Degas

Question 81

Post impressionists

Answer 81

Small dots

Question 82

Romantics emphasized

Answer 82

Feelings, emotions, and imaginations

Question 83

Individualism

Answer 83

The belief in the uniqueness of each person

Question 84

How were romantics appearances changed?

Answer 84

Males grew long beards and both females and males wore ridiculous clothes

Question 85

Lots of romanticism was based off

Answer 85

Middle Ages

Question 86

Architects designed in neo gothic style

Answer 86

Cathedrals railways stations - British Houses of Parliament

Question 87

Eugene Delacroix

Answer 87

Fascination with the exotic

Question 88

Artists

Answer 88

Used warmth and emotion

Question 89

Famous musician

Answer 89

Ludwig van Beethoven

Question 90

Literature

Answer 90

Expressed nationalism

Question 91

William woodsworth

Answer 91

English romantic poet of nature

Question 92

Louis Pasteur

Answer 92

Germ theory of disease

Question 93

Dmitry Mendeleev

Answer 93

Classified all materials by atomic weights

Question 94

Secularization

Answer 94

Indifference or rejection to religion

Question 95

Darwin believed every species has evolved from simpler forms

Answer 95

Survival of the fittest

Question 96

Realism

Answer 96

Sought to show how things truly are

Question 97

Gustavo Flaubert

Answer 97

Madame ovary

Question 98

Charles dickens

Answer 98

Oliver Twist; sought to show the true and poor London