Infectious Disease Flashcards
(26 cards)
Communicable Diseases
an illness that can be passed on from one person to another
Pathogens
disease causing agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, or parasites that can invade and harm living organisms
Exposure
being in contact with someone or something that carries a disease that can be spread from person to another
Direct Trasmission of a disease
skin to skin transmission ( intercourse and kissing ) and emts can get infected by blood
Indirect transmission of a disease
contact through an inanimate object ( stretcher )
Foodborne Transmisson of Disease
eating contaminated foods
- E. coli
- noro virus
- hepatitis A
- salmonella
Vector Borne transmission of a disease
spread of an infection by animals or insects ( ticks, mosquitoes)
- Lyme disease
- malaria
- west Nile
- zika
Droplet transmission of a disease
droplets from patients nose and mouth
airborne vs droplet
airborne flys in dust particles
droplets fall bc they are heavier
True or False: All Blood and bodily fluids are infectious
True
Ryan White CARE Act
Ryan White diagnosed with aids through blood transfusion
- PART G of the act requires notification to the EMS personnel if they have been infected
- there is a designated infection control officer that helps emts with making sure they are protected and contacts hospital if necessary
Disinfection
cleaning a pathogenic aid by directly applying chemical ( dwell times )
High Level disinfecting
applying more severe disinfectant to clean
All EMTS should
strip linens and discard all disposable equipment
Handwashing
should occur between patients; if no water is there use hand sanitizer but hand sanitizer doesn’t kill all germs ( must have 60% alcohol)
PPE ( personal protective equipment )
- gloves ( heavy duty if cleaning ) must change between patient interactions
- eye protection ( not standard glasses
- gowns
donning
putting on ppe
doffing
removing ppe
Donning of PPE
- begin by checking which ppe is required
- jewelry is removed and hair is pulled back
- hand hygiene for 15-20 secs ( hand sanitizer
- Donn the gown
- N95 mask under the nose and over the chin
- face shield resting on middle of forehead
- put gloves on making sure they’re snug
- make sure all doors are securely closed
Doffing
- removed first close and hold in other hand then remove
- remove gown by opening at neck then waist
- ensure ur only touching the inside of the gown rolling it and throwing in the garbage
- perform hand hygiene for 15-20 secs
- removed face shield resting
- remove the mask without touching the exterior of the mask
- perform hand hygiene
Surgical Mask
- expectation if there is bodily fluids
Particulate Respirator
- only by emts and healthcare professionals when airborne diseases; when a droplet born disease ( COVID 19)
- never worn by patient
Agency Infection Control Plan
- determine exposure risk
- education and training
- vaccination programs
- designated I.C. officer
What to do if exposure happens
- do not delay acting
- turn patient care over to another provider
- dilute and clean the area for 20 mins
- activate your infection control procedure
- get screened and treatment
- document
