Infectious Disease KPs Flashcards
(60 cards)
Spinal epidural abscesses often arise from? Risk factors?
infected vertebral discs or intervertebral body disc spaces;
Needles (injections, acupuncture, tattoos); HIV, DM, alcoholism
Temporal lobe encephalitis - likely infection? CSF will likely show?
HSV; lymphocytic pleocytosis
All patients suspected of having encephalitis should be given?
Empiric intravenous acyclovir
preferred diagnostic test for West Nile neuroinvasive disease?
Cerebrospinal fluid serology (IgM)
In community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, the primary treatment of a cutaneous abscess?
I&D (no abx)
Monomicrobial (type II) necrotizing fasciits - causal agents?
Streptococcus pyogenes»_space;> S. aureus, Vibrio vulnificus, or Streptococcus agalactiae
Treatment for all human bites?
Prophylactic amoxicillin-clavulanate
Hospitalize a patient with PNA?
CURB-65 -
confusion, blood urea nitrogen >20 mg/dL (7.14 mmol/L), respiratory rate ≥30/min, blood pressure (systolic <90 mm Hg, diastolic ≤60 mm Hg), and age 65 years or older
Do not treat community acquired PNA for more than?
5 days
Minimal findings to diagnose lyme disease?
what may be falsely negative in localized disease?
erythema migrans with a compatible epidemiologic history
serologic testing is not indicated and may be falsely negative in localized disease.
best way to confirm the diagnosis of disseminated Lyme disease?
two-step serologic testing strategy that uses an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as an initial screening test followed by a confirmatory Western blot
illness that is clinically indistinguishable from localized Lyme disease?
Southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI);
Treatment for Babesiosis?
atovaquone plus azithromycin (mild to moderate disease)
clindamycin plus quinine (for severe disease)
Exchange transfusion if 10% or greater parasitemia or organ failure
Treatment for RMSF in pregnancy?
chloramphenicol
A culture of midstream, clean-void urine should be reserved for patients with?
suspected pyelonephritis,
complicated urinary tract infection,
recurrent urinary tract infection, or
multiple antimicrobial allergies and in those in whom the presence of a resistant organism is suspected.
Fosfomycin has lower efficacy and is more expensive than? (these drugs can be used for)
nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
UTI ppx in women with recurrent UTIs
Treatment choice and duration of uncomplicated prostatitis?
FQ for 4-6 weeks
Role of nucleic amplification testing for TB?
Faster diagnosis, not not recommended yet
BCG is contraindicated in
patients who are pregnant or immunosuppressed (live attenuated)
Mycobacterium kansasii infection mimics?
TB ( cough, fever, weight loss, and cavitary lung disease.)
Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium fortuitum, and Mycobacterium chelonae infections are seen in? Typical infection?
immunosuppressed patients; Skin/soft tissue infection after trauma or surgery or cosmetic procedures (tattoo, piercings)
Do not use an echinocandin to treat this candidal infection?
meningitis or endophthalmitis because of poor organ penetration.
Treatment of asymptomatic candiduria is indicated only in?
neutropenic patients and those undergoing urologic procedures.
most common presentation of mucormycosis?
apidly fatal rhinocerebral infection, with
1) headache
2) epistaxis
3) ocular findings (proptosis, periorbital edema, and decreased vision).
