Infectious Diseases Flashcards
(19 cards)
what is infection?
the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in or on body tissue that produces signs & symptoms as well as an immunologic response
what are types of infection?
local (e.g., an abscess),
confined to one body system (e.g., pneumonia in the lungs),
generalized (e.g., septicemia)
how do infections enter the body?
by inhalation, ingestion, sexual transmission, passage to a fetus during pregnancy or birth, wound contamination, or animal or insect bites
how do bodies respond to infections?
with an attack on the invader by leukocytes, production of antibodies or antitoxins, and often a rise in temperature.
may result in short-term or lifelong immunity
whats the 1st line of defense?
skin
Epithelial & Mucus Membrane
GI tract
what is the 2nd line of defense?
Inflammation
lymph system
what is the 3rd line of defense?
Blood stream & other bodily fluids
why are infections hard to cure?
- antibiotic resistance
- many strains
- anti viral resistance
- difficult tx location (CNS)
what are the 4 Cardinal signs of local infection?
Swelling
Redness
Warmth
Pain
what are systemic infection symptoms?
Fever Malaise Myalgia Loss of appetite Fatigue
what are the kinds of infection?
Sub-clinical, silent, asymptomatic
Latent
Exogenous
Chronic Infection
infectious agents microbes
prions viruses bacteria funghi parasites protozoa
what are infectious agents modes of transmission?
Contact transmission (direct) Indirect transmission Airborne transmission Enteric transmission Vector borne transmission
what is an abscess?
infection associated with tissue breakdown, formation of localized mass of pus
what is lymphadenitis?
infection in regions lymph nodes that drains primary site of infection
what is Septicemia?
overwhelming infection in which pathogenic bacteria gets into blood stream
Systemic infection
what is Virulence?
ease with which pathogenic organism can overcome the body’s defenses
what is infection control?
Infection control refers to policies and procedures used to minimize the risk of spreading infections, especially in hospitals and health care facilities
what is an easy way to prevent spread of disease?
washing hands properly
