Vision Loss

Question 1

what is considered legally blind?

Answer 1

Vision is 20/200 or less in the better eye with best correction possible or a visual field of less than 20 degrees (typical vision is 180 degrees)

Question 2

what is functional blindness?

Answer 2

has useable vision but functions as if do not

Question 3

what is low vision?

Answer 3

vision loss severe enough to impede performance of ADL but still allows useful visual discrimination

Question 4

what is visual impairment?

Answer 4

all degrees of vision loss that affects ability to perform

Question 5

what is reduced visual acuity?

Answer 5

reduced ability of the eye to resolve or form an image in high-contrast detail

Question 6

what are the causes of reduced visual acuity?

Answer 6

refractive error
developmental issues
pathological issues
hereditary issues

Question 7

what does reduced visual acuity impact?

Answer 7

reading
writing
deciphering signs
driving
face recognition

Question 8

what is visual field loss?

Answer 8

Loss in the extent of physical space visible to the eye measured in angle of degrees causing
Tunnel vision Scotoma Hemianopia

Question 9

what causes visual field loss?

Answer 9

Glaucoma, Intracranial disorders, Retinitis pigmentosa, Retinal disease/injury, CVA

Question 10

what is contrast sensitivity reduction?

Answer 10

Reduced ability in detecting small changes in brightness

Question 11

what causes contrast sensitivity reduction?

Answer 11

cataracts, retinal disease, optic nerve pathology

Question 12

what disorder can cause disorders in color vision?

Answer 12

glaucoma results in difficulty in differentiating between blues and blue-greens but most are hereditary

Question 13

what symptoms cause special sensitivity to light?

Answer 13

Night blindness, Sensitivity to glare, Slowed adaptation rates to light changes

Question 14

what disorders cause sensitivity to light

Answer 14

Retinitis pigmentosa, Retinal disease, Glaucoma, Age-related maculopathy, Albinism, Achromatopsia

Question 15

what are common causes for vision loss?

Answer 15

Aging
Age-related maculopathy – macular degeneration leading cause over 60
Cataract
Diabetic retinopathy leading cause under 60
Glaucoma
Retinal detachment
Vascular retinopathy

Question 16

what are some modifactions for vision impaired clients?

Answer 16

Clothing arrangement
Footwear
Meals
High contrast color
Decreased to no pattern on floor/carpet
Door border 
Lighting choices
Trip hazards