inflammatory bowel disease Flashcards
(42 cards)
what are the 5 types of IBD
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Crohn’s Disease
- Indeterminate colitis
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
- Diverticulitis
when does ulcerative colitis and crohns most commonly occur
30 yo
what are the features of ulcerative colitis
often relapsing remitting
inflammatory change in colon
contiguous, circumferential and superficial inflammation
entire colon = pan colitis
what are the signs of ulcerative colitis
stomach pain blood in stools weight loss fatigue malaise anaemia raised inflammatory markers dehydration
where does ulcerative colitis usually spread to
superficial submucosa
what is the pathophysiology of ulcerative colitis
• Chronic inflammatory change damages cells
• This leads to dysplasia – loss of growth control
within cells
• Increased risk of colonic carcinoma
which disease are smokers more likely to get
Crohn’s disease
what are the characteristics of Crohn’s disease
inflammation anywhere in the GI tract
focal ulceration
what are the signs of crohns disease
anaemia, raised inflammatory markers
dehydration
diarrhoea
fistulas may occur
what are the extraintestinal manifestations of Crohns and UC
- Inflammatory arthropathies
- Erythema nodosum (Crohn’s)
- Pyoderma gangrenosum
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis (UC)
- Iritis/Uveitis (eye)
- Aphthous stomatitis
what is Aphthous stomatitis
recurrent benign mouth ulcers
what is primary sclerosing cholangitis
scarring and narrowing of the bile ducts
what is erythema nodosum
tender red swellings on the skin
what is pyoderma gangrenosum
painful ulcers on the skin
what kind of diarrhoea is found in UC and Crohns
bloody and mucoid in UC
watery in crohns
when is Crohns pain usually worst
after eating
what type of ulcers are found
UC- broad
Crohns- linear
how is the mesentery affected in crohns
thickened and fibrotic
describe the effect on crypts in IBD
shortened and atrophic
how are villi affected in crohns
atrophy
when are granulomas found
crohn’s
what inflammatory cells are found in UC
plasma and neutrophils
what cells are found in crohns
neutrophils and lymphocytes
what is pseudomembranous colitis
inflammation of the colon resulting from C.diff infection
causes diarrhoea
