Inservice Deck 5 - rapid board review Flashcards by Cassie Newburg

Where do aorta disruptions caused by blunt trauma occur?

distal to left subclavian artery at the ligamentum arteriosum

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Where do majority of diaphragmatic injuries occur?

left side where no liver protection

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Patients under 12, which cricothyroidotomy should you perform?

needle instead of surgical

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All trauma patients who come in with GCS < 8…

need to be intubated

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Findings of an uncal herniation? Which nerve?

oculomotor nerve, ipsilateral fixed and dilated pupil

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equation for cerebral perfusion pressure?

MAP - ICP = CPP

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how does a jefferson fracture (burst fx of C1) occur?

axial load

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how does a hangman’s fx occur?

posterior C2 elements from severe hyperextension

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what muscle is trapped in orbital floor fx? how does it present?

inferior rectus muscle

limited painful upward gaze with ipsilateral cheek and lip numbness with infraorbital nerve disruption

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what organism is associated with human bite?

eikenella corrodens

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what organism is associated with cat bite?

pasteurella multocida

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what organism is associated with dog bite?

capnocytophaga canimorsus

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most common organ injured in penetrating trauma?

liver

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most common organ injured in blunt trauma?

spleen

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most common traumatic cerebral bleed?

SAH

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most common cause of coma following head injury?

diffuse axonal injury

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tx of WPW? what do you avoid?

procainamide, cardioversion

avoid AV nodal blockers

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side effect of thrombolysis?

accelerated idioventricular rhythm

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best approach for transvenous pacer?

right internal jugular vein

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EKG findings in pericardial tamponade?

electrical alternans
tachycardia
low voltage

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tx of torsades?

mg or pacing in stable pt

cardioversion in unstable pt

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murmur of HOCM?

crescendo-decrescendo murmur at left sternal border

increase with valsalva or standing, decrease with squatting or hand grip

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most common cause of left sided endo? right sided endocarditis?

strep viridins

staph aureus

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patient with chest pain and neuro findings?

thoracic aortic dissection

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most common cause of esophageal rupture?

GI procedures

tx of patient with fever jaundice and RUQ pain?

ascending cholangitis | tx abx and surgical consultation

button battery lodged in esophagus? in stomach?

emergent removal followed outpatient in stomach for 48 hours, if not through pylorus or GI sx remove endo

when is SBP indicated?

ascitic fluid with > 500 WBCs and with > 250 PMNs

most common cause of pancreatitis? second most common?

cholelithiasis, alcohol use

infection with diarrhea and pet turtle or iguana, sickle cell anemia, splenectomy, poultry or eggs with fecal WBCs?

salmonella

infection with diarrhea after abx use?

c diff

infection with diarrhea after potato salad or mayo?

staph aureus

infection with diarrhea after eating fried rice?

b cereus

infection with diarrhea after eating raw oysters?

vibrio cholera

infection with diarrhea after drinking from natural water sources?

giardia lamblia

infection with diarrhea and AIDS patient?

isosporo or cryptosporidium

what does e coli O157:H7 cause?

HUS in children | TTP in elderly

most common cause of lower GI bleeding in adults?

diverticulosis

organic causes of AMS?

AEIOU TIPS ``` alcohol epilepsy, endocrine, electrolytes insulin overdose, oxygen uremia trauma, temp, toxins infection psychosis, porphyria, poison stroke, shock, sepsis, lesion, SAH ```

back pain with bowel or bladder dysfunction?

cauda equina syndrome

back pain with upper back pain and syncope

thoracic aortic dissection

mid lower back pain with syncope?

AAA

sudden flank pain similar to ureterolithiasis in older patient

AAA

back pain worse at night?

malignancy

back pain with history of illicit IV drug use

paraspinal abscess

back pain with radicular sx/sciatica

disc herniation

tearing chest pain with upper back pain and HTN

aortic dissection

chest pain and neuro sx

type A aortic dissection

dyspnea with chest pain, worse lying down, relieved sitting forward

pericarditis

chest pressure with clenched fist on chest

acute cardiac ischemia

pleuritic chest pain with dyspnea and hemoptysis

syncope with abd or back pain

AAA

syncope in first trimester of pregnancy

ectopic pregnancy

heart failure and syncope

aortic stenosis

worst headache of life, vomiting, syncope

SAH

syncope with palpitations

cardiac dysrhythmia

syncope with abnl EKG

herat block, long QT, WPW syndrome, brugada syndrome

syncope with chest pain/dyspnea

sx of epiglottis?

droooling, dysphagia, distress

asthma red flags

``` systemic steroids sudden/severe exacerbations exacerbations requiring ICU admission 2 floor admissions in 1 year 2 ED visits in the year comorbid medical, psych, substance abuse problems ```

ventilator management for ARDS?

low tidal volumes and PEEP

ventilator management for asthma

low tidal volumes, low ventilation rate, permissive hypercapnia

patient with COPD exacerbation and mental status changes, think what?

hypercapnia

most common cause of CAP?

strep pneumo h influenza m pneumonia

PNA after flu?

staph aureus

PNA during pregnancy?

varicella

PNA with abd pain, vomiting diarrhea, hyponatremia, abnl liver function

legionella

PNA with bullous myringitis

mycoplasma

five Ts of congenital cyanotic heart disease

``` tetralogy of fallot transposition of great arteries tricuspid atresia truncus arteriosus total anomalous pulm venous return ``` - pulm atresia and hypoplastic left heart

non cyanotic cong heart lesions

VSD PDA endocardial cushion defect poor feeding, diaphoresis with feeds, failure to thrive

PDA dependent lesions. Present? Tx?

sudden onset of cyanosis and shock first week of life tx with prostaglandin E1 infusion side effect: apnea

infant with ambiguous genitalia and hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia?

congenital adrenal hyperplasia tx: hydrocortisone

Association of gingivostomatitis in anterior mouth in pediatric?

herpes simplex virus

association of gingivostomatitis in posterior involvement

coxsackivirus (hand, foot, mouth)

high fever for 3-5 days in peds with diffuse lacy rash after fever?

roseola, human herpes virus 6

tx of kawasaki disease?

aspirin, IVIG

rule of 2s, what does it present with

meckel's diverticulum ``` 2% of population 45% of sx patients less than 2 2 cm wide 2 cm long 2 feet from iliocecal valve ```

abd pain, rash, edema, nephritis, arthralgias - diagnosis?

HSP

Inservice Deck 5 - rapid board review Flashcards

(78 cards)