Installing Operating Systems( Comptia Objective 1.3) Flashcards
What is a very common form of a boot media device.
- USB storage
- USB must be bootable and computer must support booting from a USB.
What is another form of boot media that is becoming less and less popular?
- DVD and CD-ROM are still somewhat common but becoming less so with more focus on bootable USB drives.
What is PXE(“Pixie”)
- Preboot Execution Environment
- Allows you to perform a remote network installation
- Computer must support booting with PXE.
If using MAC OS what is a similar type of technology to PXE( Preboot Execution Environment) ?
- Netboot
- Apple technology to boot MACOS from the network
- Similar in concept to PXE.
If you have many different types of operating systems that you would like to install what could you use instead of USB and CD/DVD-ROM?
- External SSD/ Hard Drive( External / hot swappable)
- Allows you to store many OS installation files.
- Some external drives can mount an ISO image(DVD-ROM image) Can plug drive straight into a USB interface slot and computer will see it as a DVD-Rom drive/image
What is a way to install an operating system from an Internal Hard Drive?
- You could install and boot from a separate drive
- Or you could create and boot from a newly created partition on the same active drive.
When installing Windows how could you avoid installation interruptions?
- This is known as Unattended installation
- You can answer Windows questions via the way of a file called “ unattend.xml” this avoids installation interruptions by automatically inputting the answers to each installation question without user intervention.
- Very useful in a large working environment.
What does a clean install of an operating system consist of?
- Wipe the slate clean and reinstall without keeping files, apps and data.
- Deletes everything that existed on the storage device prior.
- You would then need to copy your files back from a backup.
- Migration tool can help.
What can be used if you wish to install an OS simultaneously on many different systems at the same time?
- Image
- Deploy a clone of an image on every computer.
If you’re having a problem with your Windows configuration and you wish to reinstall windows but want to keep your files you can do what?
- Perform a Repair Installation
- Fix problems with Windows OS
- Does not modify user files.
What allows a user to run two or more operating systems from a single computer on the same drive?
- Multiboot
What is a Recovery Partition?
- Hidden partition with installation files
- Will take a copy of all the Windows Installation files and put them into the hidden partition in the event that you need to perform a repair installation of windows.
What feature inside of Windows 8/10 can be used fix issues with a Windows OS installation?
- Refresh/Restore
- Requires that you have a recovery partition on your computer.
What is a disk partition?
- Separates the physical drive into logical pieces
- Useful to keep data separated
- Multiple partitions are not always necessary.
- Useful for maintaining separate operating systems such as Windows, Linux etc.
What is another name for a storage partition?
- Volume
- Formatted partitions are called volumes
- Microsoft nomenclature.
What is an old partition style used on older systems?
- MBR( Master Boot Record)
- Old version of partitioning drives with all of the old limitations.
MBR was separated into two different types of partitions which are?
- Primary used for bootable partitions provides a max of 4 primary partitions per hard disk. One of the primary partitions can be marked as active so that your system would know which OS to boot.
- Other type of partition is known as Extended which is used for extending the maximum number of partitions. You can have 1 extended partition per disk( optional. Contains additional logical partitions. Logical partitions inside an extended partitions are not bootable.
What format of partition style is used on most modern day systems?
- GPT Partition Style( GUID Partition Table)
- Globally Unique Identifier
- The latest partition format standard.
- Requires a UEFI BIOS which can have up to 128 partitions. No need for extended partitions or logical drives as all partitions are bootable.
What is the first step when preparing disks especially when it comes to installing an OS?
- Disk Partitioning
- The first step when preparing disks, some may have already been partitioned. However existing partitions may not always be compatible with your new operating systems.
Why must you be very careful when creating disk partitions?
- Because there is serious potential for data loss
- This is not an everyday occurrence.
- Make sure you always check your work before making any changes to the partitions.
Before adding a file system to a partition windows wants to know which of the 2 different types of of storage disk that you would like to use which are they?
These are layered on top of the partition and file system( Windows thing)
- Basic disk storage which was available in DOS and windows versions provides primary/extended partitions, and logical drives. Basic disk partitions can’t span separate physical disks.
- Dynamic disk storage which available in all modern Windows versions. Able to span partitions across multiple drives to create a large volume. Able to split data across multiple physical disks( striping). Can also duplicate data across multiple disks(mirroring) these are also forms of RAID and only available with dynamic disk storage. Not all versions of Windows support Dynamic disk storage however.
After creating a partition and then selecting which type of storage disk type you wish to use what do you then have to decide on?
- Type of File System to be used. Before data can be written to the partition it must first be formatted.
- OS expect data to be written in a particular format such as FAT32, NTFS, EXFAT etc. NTFS is the most popular.
- Multiple OS’s can read and write to multiple types of file systems. Windows can read FAT, FAT32, NTFS and ExFAT.
What is FAT?
- File Allocation Table. One of the first PC-based file systems( circa 1980)
- FAT32 - File Allocation Table provided larger( 2 terabyte) volume sizes with a max file size of 4GBS.
- exFAT - Extended File Allocation Table allowed files to be larger than 4GBs, is considered to be a Microsoft flash drive file system.
What is the NTFS and CDFS?
- NT File System
- Extensive Improvements over FAT32. Provides quotas, file compression, encryption, symbolic links, large file support, security and recoverability
- CDFS - Compact Disk File System( ISO 9660 standard). All Operating systems can read the CD
