Instrumentation

Question 1

Used by histotechnologists for QC

Answer 1

microscope

Question 2

Microtome:
Inventor:
Purpose: cutting serial sections of large block of paraffin; simplest

Answer 2

Rocking
Paldwell Trefall
“Na fall ka tungod sa rock”

Question 3

Microtome:
Inventor:
Purpose: cutting embedded section; most common

Answer 3

Rotary
Minot
“routine”

Question 4

Microtome:
Inventor:
Purpose: cutting celloidin; dangerous due to movable knife

Answer 4

Sliding (standard)
Adams
“na slide si adam”

Question 5

Sliding microtome that is ideal for resin-embedded decalcified bone

Answer 5

base sledge (knife is stationary)

Question 6

Microtome:
Inventor:
Purpose: cutting unembedded frozen sections

Answer 6

Freezing
Queckett
“quick-freeze”

Question 7

Microtome:
Inventor:
Purpose: EM; embedded in plastic resins using diamond/glass knives

Answer 7

Ultrathin

Question 8

Knife: Plane concave
Length:
Info:

Answer 8

25 mm
less concave = celloidin
more concave = paraffin

Question 9

Knife:
Length: 120 mm
Info:

Answer 9

Biconcave
Rotary microtomes for paraffin

Question 10

Knife:
Length:
Info: Both sides are straight for frozen & very tough paraffin embedded tissues

Answer 10

Plane wedge
100 mm

Question 11

Knife:
Info: more commonly used nowadays; eliminates honing & stropping process

Answer 11

Disposable knives

Question 12

Knife:
Info: suitable for cryostat

Answer 12

Magnetic

Question 13

Knife:
Length: 0.5 - 1 um
Info:

Answer 13

Glass knives
semi-thin survey sections

Question 14

Knife:
Length: 50-120 um
Info:

Answer 14

Diamond knives
ultra-thin sections for EM
brittle but very durable

Question 15

Process of removing the “nicks”
Heel to toe direction (20-30 double strokes)

Answer 15

Honing

Question 16

Type of hone:
Manual sharpening but gives best results

Answer 16

Belgium yellow

Question 17

Type of hone:
Gives more polishing effect

Answer 17

Arkansas

Question 18

Type of hones:
much coarser & for badly nicked knives

Answer 18

Fine carborundum

Question 19

Process of removing “burrs”, dine to polish & sharpen
Toe to Heel direction (40-120 double strokes)

Answer 19

Stropping (horse leather)

Question 20

Used to clean microtome

Answer 20

soft brush & xylol

Question 21

Bevel angle

Answer 21

27-32° angle

Question 22

Causes maximum penetration of tissues & minimize distortion

Answer 22

Perfect & optimum angle (15°)

Question 23

Angle is around 0-15° which prevents uneven sections

Answer 23

Clearance angle

Question 24

Specimen is transferred from container to container for 16 hours

Answer 24

Tissue transfer (dip & dunk)

Question 25

Tissues remain in one container but the reagent changes at intervals

Answer 25

Enclosed type tissue processor

Question 26

Wax bath thermostat should be at least ___ the melting point of the wax

Answer 26

3° above

Question 27

its the mechanically raising and lowering of the tissue into reagent containers providing agitation needed

Answer 27

Vertical oscillation

Question 28

Stations 1-2 of autotechnicon

Answer 28

Fixation w/ 10% formalin

Question 29

Stations 3-6 of autotechnicon

Answer 29

Dehydration w/ ascending ethyl alcohol 70-95%

Question 30

Stations 7-8 of autotechnicon

Answer 30

2 changes of acetone

Question 31

Stations 9-10 of autotechnicon

Answer 31

Clearing with 2 changes of chloroform/xylol

Question 32

Stations 11-12 of autotechnicon

Answer 32

Impregnation w/ 2 changes of liquid paraffin

Question 33

Temperature for floatation water bath

Answer 33

45-50°C or 6-10°C lower than the melting point of wax used

Question 34

squamous cell contaminants from ungloved fingers

Answer 34

Floaters

Question 35

Wax impregnation under negative atmospheric inside an embedding oven & gives fastest result

Answer 35

Vacuum embedding apparatus

Question 36

Temperature of drying oven

Answer 36

Infiltration process: 55-60°C Drying process: 56-60°C for 2hrs

Question 37

Glass slides for routine work size: refractive index:

Answer 37

76 x 25 mm with 1-1.2 mm thick (frosted) 1.518

Question 38

Labelling in histopathology

Answer 38

Foolproof