Instruments Theory Questions Flashcards by V T

Question 1
Concerning the pitot static system, the static pressure error:
Options:
a) Is a direct effect of blockage of the static ports.
b) Is a direct effect of heating of the static ports.
c) Affects the alternate static source only.
d) Is caused by disturbed airflow around the static ports.

Correct Answer:
d) Is caused by disturbed airflow around the static ports.

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Question 2
The output data from the ADC are used by:
1. Transponder.
2. EFIS.
3. Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS).
The combination that regroups all of the correct statements is:
Options:
a) 2,3
b) 1,3
c) 1,2,3
d) 1,2

Correct Answer:
c) 1,2,3

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Question 3
The ADC uses the following parameters as input data:
Options:
a) Mach number, barometric altitude, CAS.
b) TAS, barometric altitude, TAT.
c) Static pressure, total pressure, TAT.
d) Total pressure, static pressure, TAT, EGT.

Correct Answer:
c) Static pressure, total pressure, TAT.

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Question 4
The ADC uses the following parameters as input data:
Options:
a) Static pressure, total air pressure, total air temperature.
b) TAS, CAS, altitude, total air temperature.
c) Static pressure and total pressure only.
d) TAS, altitude, vertical speed, SAT.

Correct Answer:
a) Static pressure, total air pressure, total air temperature.

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Question 5
The alternate static source of a light non-pressurised aeroplane is located in the flight deck. When used the altimeter:
Options:
a) Tends to over read.
b) Tends to under read.
c) Is blocked.
d) Indicates zero.

Correct Answer:
a) Tends to over read.

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Question 6
The alternate static source of a light non-pressurised aircraft is located in the flight deck. When it is used, the static pressure sensed is likely to be:
Options:
a) Lower than ambient pressure if QNH is greater than 1013 hPa.
b) Lower than ambient pressure due to aerodynamic suction.
c) Higher than ambient pressure due to aerodynamic suction.
d) Higher than ambient pressure if QNH is greater than 1013 hPa.

Correct Answer:
b) Lower than ambient pressure due to aerodynamic suction.

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Question 7
The total pressure head comprises a mast which moves its port to a distance from the aircraft skin in order:
Options:
a) To not disturb the aerodynamic flow around the aircraft.
b) To locate it outside the boundary layer.
c) To protect it from icing.
d) To make it easily accessible during maintenance.

Correct Answer:
b) To locate it outside the boundary layer.

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Question 8
The open ended tube parallel to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft senses the:
Options:
a) Total pressure.
b) Static pressure.
c) Dynamic pressure.
d) Total pressure plus static pressure.

Correct Answer:
a) Total pressure.

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Question 10
The alternative static source is used:
Options:
a) To compensate the hysteresis of the aneroid capsule.
b) To compensate the static pressure error.
c) When the drain holes freeze.
d) When the static ports become blocked.

Correct Answer:
d) When the static ports become blocked.

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Question 11
The data output from an ADC include:
1. Barometric altitude
2. Mach number
3. CAS
4. TAS
5. SAT
Options:
a) 1, 4
b) 1, 3, 5
c) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
d) 2, 3, 4

Correct Answer:
c) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

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Question 12
In case of accidental closing of an aircraft’s left static pressure port (rain, birds), the altimeter?
Options:
a) Over reads the altitude in case of a side-slip to the right and displays the correct information during symmetric flight.
b) Keeps on providing reliable reading in all situations.
c) Under reads the altitude.
d) Over reads the altitude in case of a sideslip to the left and displays the correct information during symmetric flight.

Correct Answer:
d) Over reads the altitude in case of a sideslip to the left and displays the correct information during symmetric flight.

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Question 9
Concerning the pitot and static system, the static pressure error varies according to:
1. Altimeter setting
2. Speed
3. Angle of attack
Options:
a) 2 and 3
b) 1 and 2
c) 1, 2 and 3
d) 1 and 3

Correct Answer:
a) 2 and 3

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Question 13
If an aircraft is equipped with one altimeter which is compensated for position error and another altimeter which is not, and all other factors being equal?
Options:
a) At high speed the non-compensated altimeter will indicate a lower altitude.
b) There will be no difference between them if the air data computer (ADC) is functioning normally.
c) ATC will get an erroneous altitude report SSR.
d) At high speed, the non-compensated altimeter will indicate a higher altitude.

Correct Answer:
a) At high speed the non-compensated altimeter will indicate a lower altitude.

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Question 15
In An Air Data Computer (ADC), aeroplane altitude is calculated from?
Options:
a) The difference between absolute and dynamic pressure at the fuselage.
b) Measurement of outside air temperature (OAT).
c) Measurement of elapsed time for a radio signal transmitted to the ground surface and back.
d) Measurement of absolute barometric pressure from a static source on the fuselage.

Correct Answer:
d) Measurement of absolute barometric pressure from a static source on the fuselage.

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Question 16
In a non-pressurized aircraft, if one or several static pressure ports are damaged, there is an ultimate emergency means for restoring a practically correct static pressure intake?
Options:
a) Breaking the rate-of-climb indicator glass window.
b) Slightly opening a window to restore the ambient pressure in the cabin.
c) Descending as much as possible in order to fly at a pressure as close to 1013.25 hPa as possible.
d) Calculating the ambient static pressure, allowing for the altitude and QNH and adjusting the instruments.

Correct Answer:
a) Breaking the rate-of-climb indicator glass window.

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Question 17
The altimeter consists of one or several aneroid capsules located in a sealed casing. The pressures in the aneroid capsule (i) and casing (ii) are respectively?
Options:
a) (i) Static pressure (ii) Total pressure.
b) (i) Vacuum (or very low pressure) (ii) Static pressure.
c) (i) Static pressure at time t (ii) Static pressure at time t – t.
d) (i) Total pressure (ii) Static pressure.

Correct Answer:
b) (i) Vacuum (or very low pressure) (ii) Static pressure.

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Question 25
The response time of a vertical speed detector may be increased by adding a?
Options:
a) Correction based on an accelerometer sensor.
b) Bi-metallic strip.
c) Return spring.
d) Second calibrated port.

Correct Answer:
a) Correction based on an accelerometer sensor.

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Question 19
The QNH is by definition the value of the?
Options:
a) Altimeter setting so that the needles indicate zero when the aircraft is on ground at the location for which it is provided.
b) Atmospheric pressure at the level of the ground over flown by the aircraft.
c) Altimeter setting so that the needles of the altimeter indicate the altitude of the location for which it is given.
d) Atmospheric pressure at the sea level of the location for which it is given.

Correct Answer:
c) Altimeter setting so that the needles of the altimeter indicate the altitude of the location for which it is given.

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Question 20
During a climb after take-off from a contaminated runway, if the total pressure probe of the airspeed indicator is blocked, the pilot finds that indicated airspeed?
Options:
a) Decreases abruptly towards zero.
b) Increases steadily.
c) Increases abruptly towards VNE.
d) Decreases steadily.

Correct Answer:
b) Increases steadily.

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Question 21
With a pitot probe blocked due to ice build up, the aircraft airspeed indicator will indicate in descent a?
Options:
a) Increasing speed.
b) Fluctuating speed.
c) Decreasing speed.
d) Constant speed.

Correct Answer:
c) Decreasing speed.

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Question 22
After an aircraft has passed through a volcanic cloud which has blocked the total pressure probe inlet of the airspeed indicator, the pilot begins a stabilized descent and finds that the indicated airspeed?
Options:
a) Increases steadily.
b) Decreases abruptly towards zero.
c) Decreases steadily.
d) Increases abruptly towards VNE.

Correct Answer:
c) Decreases steadily.

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Question 23
The static pressure error of the static vent on which the altimeter is connected varies substantially with the?
Options:
a) Static temperature.
b) Mach number of the aircraft.
c) Deformation of the aneroid capsule.
d) Aircraft altitude.

Correct Answer:
b) Mach number of the aircraft.

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Question 24
The pressure altitude is the altitude corresponding?
Options:
a) In standard atmosphere, to the reference pressure Ps.
b) In ambient atmosphere, to the pressure Ps prevailing at this point.
c) In standard atmosphere, to the pressure Ps prevailing at this point.
d) In ambient atmosphere, to the reference pressure Ps.

Correct Answer:
c) In standard atmosphere, to the pressure Ps prevailing at this point.

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Question 26 The density altitude is? Options: a) The altitude of the standard atmosphere on which the density is equal to the actual density of the atmosphere. b) The temperature altitude corrected for the difference between the real temperature and the standard temperature. c) The pressure altitude corrected for the relative density prevailing at this point. d) The pressure altitude corrected for the density of air at this point.

Correct Answer: [a) The altitude of the standard atmosphere on which the density is equal to the actual density of the atmosphere.]

Question 27 On board an aircraft the altitude is measured from the? Options: a) Standard altitude. b) Pressure altitude. c) Density altitude. d) Temperature altitude.

Correct Answer: [b) Pressure altitude.]

Question 29 If the static source to an airspeed indicator (ASI) becomes blocked during a descent the instrument will? Options: a) Read zero. b) Continue to indicate the speed applicable to that at the time of the blockage. c) Under-read. d) Over-read.

Correct Answer: [d) Over-read.]

Question 30 If the static source to an altimeter becomes blocked during a climb, the instrument will? Options: a) Continue to indicate the reading at which the blockage occurred. b) Under-read by an amount equivalent to the reading at the time that the instrument became blocked. c) Over-read. d) Gradually return to zero.

Correct Answer: [a) Continue to indicate the reading at which the blockage occurred.]

Question 31 If the static source of an altimeter becomes blocked during a descent the instrument will? Options: a) Gradually indicate zero. b) Under-read. c) Indicate a height equivalent to the setting on the millibar subscale. d) Continue to display the reading at which the blockage occurred.

Correct Answer: [d) Continue to display the reading at which the blockage occurred.]

Question 32 A leak in the pitot total pressure line of a non-pressurized aircraft to an airspeed indicator would cause it to? Options: a) Under-read. b) Over-read. c) Over-read in a climb and under-read in a descent. d) Under-read in a climb and over-read in a descent.

Correct Answer: [a) Under-read.]

Question 33 The pressure measured at the forward facing orifice of a pitot tube is the? Options: a) Total pressure plus static pressure. b) Dynamic pressure. c) Total pressure. d) Static pressure.

Correct Answer: [c) Total pressure.]

Question 34 The airspeed indicator circuit consists of pressure sensors. The pitot tube directly supplies? Options: a) The total pressure. b) The static pressure. c) The total pressure and the static pressure. d) The dynamic pressure.

Correct Answer: [a) The total pressure.]

Question 35 The error in altimeter readings caused by the variation of the static pressure near the source is known as? Options: a) Position pressure error. b) Barometric error. c) Instrument error. d) Hysteresis effect.

Correct Answer: [a) Position pressure error.]

Question 36 A pitot blockage of both the ram air input and the drain hole with the static port open causes the airspeed indicator to? Options: a) Read a little high. b) Read a little low. c) Freeze at zero. d) React like an altimeter.

Correct Answer: [d) React like an altimeter.]

Question 37 A pitot tube covered by ice which blocks the ram air inlet will affect the following instrument(s)? Options: a) Airspeed indicator, altimeter and vertical speed indicator. b) Airspeed indicator only. c) Altimeter only. d) Vertical speed indicator only.

Correct Answer: [b) Airspeed indicator only.]

Question 38 The total temperature can be expressed approximately by the formula? Options: a) Tt = Ts(1–0.2 M²) b) Tt = Ts(1+0.2 Kr.M²) c) Tt = Ts/(1+0.2 Kr.M²) d) Tt = Ts(1+0.2 M²)

Correct Answer: [b) Tt = Ts(1+0.2 Kr.M²)]

Question 39 The altimeter is fed by? Options: a) Differential pressure. b) Static pressure. c) Dynamic pressure. d) Total pressure.

Correct Answer: [b) Static pressure.]

Correct Answer: d) React like an altimeter

Correct Answer: b) Airspeed indicator only

Question 38 The total temperature can be expressed approximately by the formula? Options: a) Tt = Ts(1−0.2 M²) b) Tt = Ts(1+0.2 Kr.M²) c) Tt = Ts/(1+0.2 Kr.M²) d) Tt = Ts(1+0.2 M²)

Correct Answer: b) Tt = Ts(1+0.2 Kr.M²)

Question 39 The altimeter is fed by? Options: a) Differential pressure. b) Static pressure. c) Dynamic pressure. d) Total pressure.

Correct Answer: b) Static pressure

Question 40 The vertical speed indicator (VSI) is fed by? Options: a) Differential pressure. b) Static pressure. c) Dynamic pressure. d) Total pressure.

Correct Answer: b) Static pressure

Question 41 The operating principle of the vertical speed indicator (VSI) is based on the measurement of the rate of change of? Options: a) Kinetic pressure. b) Static pressure. c) Dynamic pressure. d) Total pressure.

Correct Answer: b) Static pressure

Question 43 If the static vents in an un-pressurised aircraft become blocked? Options: a) Breaking or opening the windows will enable the altimeter to function. b) Breaking or opening the windows will enable the ASI to function. c) Breaking the front glass will enable the altimeter to function. d) Only instruments fed from an ADC will function.

Correct Answer: c) Breaking the front glass will enable the altimeter to function

Question 44 From where does the ADC obtain its altitude data? Options: a) Barometric information from the static pressure ports. b) Barometric pressure from the pitot probe. c) The difference between pitot and static pressures.

Correct Answer: a) Barometric information from the static pressure ports

Question 47 Entering ground effect is likely to? Options: a) Decrease static pressure but increase pitot pressure. b) Decrease pitot pressure but increase static pressure. c) Increase position errors. d) Decrease position errors.

Correct Answer: c) Increase position errors

Question 48 If the pitot tube leaks and the pitot drains are blocked in an unpressurised aircraft? Options: a) The ASI will over indicate. b) The ASI will under indicate. c) The altimeter will under indicate. d) The altimeter will over indicate.

Correct Answer: b) The ASI will under indicate

Question 45 What inputs are fed to the ADC? 1. AOA (Angle of Attack) 2. TAT 3. OAT 4. Dynamic pressure 5. Static pressure 6. Total pressure 7. AC electrical power 8. Autopilot commands Options: a) (1), (2), (4), (5), (7) b) (1), (2), (4), (5), (7) c) (1), (2), (5), (6), (7) d) (2), (4), (5), (7), (8)

Correct Answer: c) (1), (2), (5), (6), (7)

Question 46 Which of the following is correct? Options: a) Pₜₒₜ = Pₛₜₐₜ + P𝑑𝑦𝑛 b) Pᵢₜₒₜ = P𝑑𝑦𝑛 − Pₛₜₐₜ c) P𝑑𝑦𝑛 = Pₜₒₜ − Pᵢₜₒₜ d) Pᵢₜₒₜ = Pₜₒₜ + P𝑑𝑦𝑛

Correct Answer: a) Pₜₒₜ = Pₛₜₐₜ + P𝑑𝑦𝑛

PITOT STATICS 49 Question: If the static tube and drains become blocked? Options: a) The ASI will under indicate. b) The ASI will over indicate. c) The ASI will under or over indicate depending on altitude. d) The ASI will indicate zero.

Correct Answer: [x) c) The ASI will under or over indicate depending on altitude.]

ALT 1 Question: The altimeter is subject to static pressure error. This error varies according to: Options: a) TAS and altimeter setting. b) TAS and OAT. c) Angle of attack and OAT. d) TAS and angle of attack.

Correct Answer: [x) d) TAS and angle of attack.]

ALT 2 Question: The altimeter is subject to static pressure error. This error results from: Options: a) Incorrect pressure sensing caused by disturbance of airflow around the static ports. b) Imperfect elasticity of the aneroid capsule. c) Friction inside the instrument. d) Cabin pressure slightly lower than outside air pressure due to airflow over the fuselage.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Incorrect pressure sensing caused by disturbance of airflow around the static ports.]

ALT 3 Question: A servo-assisted altimeter is more accurate than a simple altimeter because the small movements of: Options: a) The pointers are detected by a very sensitive electro-magnetic pick-off. b) The capsules are detected by a very sensitive electro-magnetic pick-off. c) The capsules are not taken into account. d) The capsules are inhibited.

Correct Answer: [x) b) The capsules are detected by a very sensitive electro-magnetic pick-off.]

ALT 4 Question: The hysteresis error of an altimeter varies substantially with the? Options: a) Time passed at a given altitude. b) Mach number of the aircraft. c) Aircraft altitude. d) Static temperature.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Time passed at a given altitude.]

ALT 5 Question: When flying from a sector of warm air into one of colder air, the altimeter will? Options: a) Under read. b) Be just as correct as before. c) Show the actual height above ground. d) Over read.

Correct Answer: [x) d) Over read.]

ALT 6 Question: At sea level, on a typical servo altimeter, the tolerance in feet from indicated must not exceed? Options: a) +/-60 feet. b) +/-75 feet. c) +/-30 feet. d) +/-70 feet.

Correct Answer: [x) c) +/-30 feet.]

ALT 7 Question: The altitude indicated on board an aircraft flying in an atmosphere where all the atmosphere layers below the aircraft are cold is? Options: a) Equal to the standard altitude. b) Lower than the real altitude. c) The same as the real altitude. d) Higher than the real altitude.

Correct Answer: [x) d) Higher than the real altitude.]

ALT 8 Question: The purpose of the vibrating device of an altimeter is to? Options: a) Allow damping of the measurement in the unit. b) Reduce the hysteresis effect. c) Reduce the effect of friction in the linkages. d) Inform the crew of a failure of the instrument.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Reduce the effect of friction in the linkages.] ⸻

ALT 9 Question: The vertical speed indicator of an aircraft flying at a true airspeed of 100 kt, in a descent with a slope of 3 degrees, indicates? Options: a) -300 ft/min. b) -150 ft/min. c) -250 ft/min. d) -500 ft/min.

Correct Answer: [x) d) -500 ft/min.]

ALT 10 Question: The altitude indicated on board an aircraft flying in an atmosphere where all atmosphere layers below the aircraft are warm is? Options: a) Equal to the standard altitude. b) Higher than the real altitude. c) The same as the real altitude. d) Lower than the real altitude.

Correct Answer: [x) d) Lower than the real altitude.]

ALT 11 Question: The primary factor which makes the servo-assisted altimeter more accurate than the simple pressure altimeter is the use of? Options: a) A sub-scale logarithmic function. b) An induction pick-off device. c) More effective temperature compensating leaf springs. d) Combination of counters/pointers.

Correct Answer: [x) b) An induction pick-off device.]

ALT 12 Question: What will happen to the altimeter reading in a right sideslip, if an aircraft has a static vent at each side of the fuselage, but the left one is blocked? Options: a) Over read. b) Under read. c) No change. d) Depends on altitude.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Under read.]

ALT 13 Question: From what is true altitude derived? Options: a) Pressure altitude. b) Density altitude. c) Temperature altitude. d) Difference between total pressure and static pressure.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Pressure altitude.]

ALT 14 Question: What is QNH? Options: a) Ambient pressure at the airfield. b) Sea level pressure based on ambient pressure at the airfield. c) Sea level pressure. d) Sea level pressure in the ISA.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Sea level pressure.

ALT 15 Question: What is QNH? Options: a) Ambient pressure at msl. b) The pressure to be set on the altimeter subscale to obtain an indication of zero on the runway. c) The pressure to be set on the altimeter subscale to obtain a reading of the pressure altitude of the runway. d) The pressure to be set on the altimeter subscale to obtain density altitude when on the runway.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Ambient pressure at msl.]

ALT 17 Question: What will happen to the indicated altitude if an aircraft in level flight passes into a warmer air mass? Options: a) Over indicate. b) Under indicate. c) Not change. d) Remain constant only if above the tropopause.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Under indicate.]

ALT 18 Question: What is density altitude? Options: a) Pressure altitude corrected for ambient temperature. b) True altitude. c) Pressure altitude corrected for density changes. d) True altitude corrected for density changes.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Pressure altitude corrected for ambient temperature.]

ALT 19 Question: What will happen if an aircraft has two altimeters, one of which is compensated for position error, whilst the other is not? Options: a) One will over read at high airspeeds. b) One will under read at high airspeeds. c) One will under read close to the ground. d) The ADC will compensate automatically, so both will read correctly.

Correct Answer: [x) One will under read close to the ground.]

ALT 20 Question: Why are vibrators sometimes fitted in altimeters? Options: a) Overcome friction. b) Overcome inertia. c) Overcome hysteresis. d) Reduce lag.

Correct Answer: [x) Overcome friction.]

ALT 21 Question: What will happen to altimeter indication if an aircraft in level flight enters a cold front? Options: a) Over indication. b) Under indication. c) No change. d) No change above the tropopause.

Correct Answer: [x) Over indication.]

ALT 22 Question: A barometric altimeter comprises of? Options: a) An aneroid capsule sensing static pressure. b) An aneroid capsule sensing pitot pressure. c) A differential capsule sensing pitot and static pressures. d) A bellows sensing temperature and static pressure.

Correct Answer: [x) An aneroid capsule sensing static pressure.]

ALT 29 Question: Density altitude is? Options: a) The altitude at which the existing density would occur in the ISA. b) The density at which the existing temperature would occur in the ISA. c) The elevation at which the existing density would occur in the ISA. d) The pressure altitude corrected for density deviation.

Correct Answer: [x) The altitude at which the existing density would occur in the ISA.]

ALT 46 Question: From where does the ADC obtain altitude data? Options: a) Radio Altimeter b) OAT sources c) Barometric altitude source d) Dynamic minus total pressure

Correct Answer: [x) c) Barometric altitude source] ⸻

ALT 47 Question: True altitude is obtained from …… on board an aircraft? Options: a) Density altitude b) Temperature altitude c) Pressure altitude d) International standard altitude

Correct Answer: [x) c) Pressure altitude] ⸻

ALT 48 Question: What is density altitude? Options: a) Pressure altitude corrected for density b) Temperature altitude corrected for density c) Temperature altitude corrected for pressure d) Pressure altitude corrected for temperature

Correct Answer: [x) d) Pressure altitude corrected for temperature] ⸻

ALT 49 Question: How will altimeter readings be affected if the layers of air below an aircraft are colder than the standard temperature? Options: a) Read true altitude, only the air above matters b) Read zero c) Read higher than true d) Read lower than true

Correct Answer: [x) c) Read higher than true ⸻

ALT 50 Question: How will altimeter reading be affected if the static vent pipe becomes blocked? Options: a) Read true altitude, only the air above matters b) Readings will freeze c) Read higher than true d) Read lower than true

Correct Answer: [x) b) Readings will freeze]

ALT 30 Question: The pressure altitude of the field can be found by? Options: a) Setting QNH on the altimeter subscale. b) Setting QFE on the altimeter subscale. c) Setting 1013 mb on the altimeter subscale. d) From an ADC only.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Setting 1013 mb on the altimeter subscale]

ALT 34 Question: Pressure altitude is? Options: a) The altitude above sea level. b) The altimeter indication when QFE is set on the sub-scale. c) The altimeter indication when QNH is set on the subscale. d) The altimeter indication when 1013.25 hPa is set on the sub-scale.

Correct Answer: [x) d) The altimeter indication when 1013.25 hPa is set on the sub-scale]

ALT 35 Question: Which of the following cause air density to decrease? Options: a) Increasing humidity, increasing altitude, increasing temperature. b) Increasing humidity, increasing altitude, decreasing temperature. c) Increasing humidity, decreasing altitude, increasing temperature. d) Decreasing humidity, increasing altitude, decreasing temperature.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Increasing humidity, increasing altitude, increasing temperature]

ALT 36 Question: If QNH changes from 1013 hPa to 1022 hPa this will? Options: a) Increase field elevation. b) Decrease field elevation. c) Not affect field elevation. d) Decrease QFE.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Not affect field elevation]

ALT 37 Question: If QFE changes from 1013 hPa to 1022 hPa will? Options: a) Increase field elevation. b) Not affect QNH. c) Increase QNH. d) Decrease QNH.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Increase QNH]

ALT 38 Question: As pressure altitude increases? Options: a) Temperature decreases. b) Temperature increases. c) Temperature increases then remains constant. d) Temperature decreases then remains constant.

Correct Answer: [x) d) Temperature decreases then remains constant]

ALT 39 Question: At a fixed pressure altitude an increase in temperature will? Options: a) Decrease density but increase density altitude. b) Decrease density altitude. c) Not affect density altitude. d) Increase density but decrease density altitude.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Decrease density but increase density altitude]

ALT 40 Question: What will happen to the altimeter reading in a right sideslip, if an aircraft has a static vent at each side of the fuselage, but the right one is blocked? Options: a) Over read. b) Under read. c) No change. d) Depends on altitude.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Over read]

ALT 41 Question: What will a cabin altimeter read with QFE set? Options: a) The same as with QNH set. b) Height AGL. c) Height above sea level. d) Field elevation when on the runway.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Height AGL]

ALT 42 Question: The altimeter of an aircraft with a static pressure source on each side of the fuselage will …….. if one becomes blocked? Options: a) Over read when side slipping. b) Over read when side slipping towards the blocked source. c) Over read when side slipping towards the clear source. d) Under read when side slipping.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Over read when side slipping towards the blocked source]

ALT 43 Question: A servo altimeter is …. it employs an electrical pick-off? Options: a) More accurate because……… b) Less accurate because………. c) Less reliable because………. d) More reliable because……….

Correct Answer: [x) a) More accurate because………]

ALT 44 Question: What will happen to the altimeter reading if an aircraft flying at a fixed heading meets a colder air mass? Options: a) Read less than true altitude. b) Read more than true altitude. c) Read zero. d) Readings will not be affected.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Read more than true altitude]

Q1 Question: A servo altimeter has a quoted accuracy of 1 hPa at mean sea level. The accuracy in the standard atmosphere is: Options: a) ± 50 ft at 10 000 ft and ± 100 ft at 40 000 ft b) ± 50 ft at 20 000 ft and ± 90 ft at the tropopause c) ± 27 ft at MSL and ± 50 ft at 10 000 ft

Correct Answer: [x) c) ± 27 ft at MSL and ± 50 ft at 10 000 ft]

Q2 Question: Position error is caused due to Options: a) Ground effect b) Configuration of A/C c) All of the above

Correct Answer: [x) c) All of the above]

Q3 Question: Pressure error is maximum at: Options: a) High speed and high altitude b) Low level and high speed c) As in and under ground effect

Correct Answer: [x) c) As in and under ground effect]

Q4 Question: A servo altimeter is ___________ than a conventional one because of ___________: Options: a) More accurate, electrical servos b) More accurate, electrical pick off coils c) Less accurate, electrical servos

Correct Answer: [x) b) More accurate, electrical pick off coils]

Q5 Question: What will happen if an a/c has 2 altimeters, one of which is compensated for position error, whilst the other is not? Options: a) One will over read at high air speed b) One will under read at high air speed c) One will under read close to the ground

Correct Answer: [x) c) One will under read close to the ground]

Q6 Question: The purpose of stand by static source is: Options: a) To reduce position error b) To be used in emergency c) Both a and b

Correct Answer: [x) b) To be used in emergency

Q7 Question: If static source of a/c is blocked in an unpressurized a/c the correct action for pilot will be: Options: a) Break glass of altimeter b) Break glass of VSI c) Use stand by static source

Correct Answer: [x) c) Use stand by static source

Q8 Question: White zebra crossing on altimeter appears when: Options: a) a/c is below MSA (minimum safe altitude) b) a/c is above 10,000’ c) a/c is below 10,000’

Correct Answer: [x) c) a/c is below 10,000’]

Q9 Question: When flying from a sector of warm air into one of colder air, the altimeter will? Options: a) Under read b) Over read c) Show the actual height above ground

Correct Answer: [x) b) Over read]

Q10 Question: Temp. error in altimeter is caused due to: Options: a) Non standard MSL temp b) Non standard temp lapse rate c) Non standard temp at a/c altitude

Correct Answer: [x) c) Non standard temp at a/c altitude]

Q11 Question: Bimetallic strip in altimeter is provided Options: a) To compensate for temp. error b) To compensate for thermal expansion of mechanical linkages c) To compensate for adiabatic rise in temperature of temp error

Correct Answer: [x) b) To compensate for thermal expansion of mechanical linkages] ⸻

Q12 Question: Pressure error in an altimeter arises because: Options: a) The true external dynamic pressure is not accurately transmitted to the instrument b) The true external static pressure is not accurately transmitted to the instrument c) The true external kinetic pressure is not accurately transmitted to the instrument

Correct Answer: [x) b) The true external static pressure is not accurately transmitted to the instrument] ⸻

Q13 Question: In a non-pressurized aircraft, if one or several static pressure ports are damaged, there is an ultimate emergency means for restoring a practically correct static pressure intake: Options: a) breaking the rate-of-climb indicator glass window b) Slightly opening a window to restore the ambient pressure in the cabin c) calculating the ambient static pressure, allowing for the altitude and QNH adjusting the instruments

Correct Answer: [x) a) breaking the rate-of-climb indicator glass window] ⸻

Q14 Question: The pressure altitude is the altitude corresponding: Options: a) in ambient atmosphere, to the reference pressure Ps b) in standard atmosphere, to the reference pressure Ps c) in standard atmosphere, to the pressure Ps prevailing at this point

Correct Answer: [x) c) in standard atmosphere, to the pressure Ps prevailing at this point

Q15 Question: The altimeter consists of several aneroid capsules located in a sealed casing. The pressure in the aneroid capsule (i) and casing (ii) are respectively: Options: a) (i) static pressure at time t (ii) static pressure at time t–t b) (i) vacuum (or a very low pressure) (ii) static pressure c) (i) static pressure (ii) total pressure

Correct Answer: [x) b) (i) vacuum (or a very low pressure) (ii) static pressure] ⸻

Q16 Question: Altimeter gives height of aircraft with Respect To: Options: a) M.S.L b) A.G.L c) Set Datum

Correct Answer: [x) c) Set Datum] ⸻

Q17 Question: We are maintaining a constant flight level. That means: Options: a) the outside air pressure is constant if the temperature remains constant b) the outside air pressure is constant c) the altitude is constant when the sea-level pressure is constant

Correct Answer: [x) b) the outside air pressure is constant] ⸻

Q18 Question: The altitude indicated on board an aircraft flying in an atmosphere where all atmosphere layers below the aircraft are warm is: Options: a) the same as the real altitude b) Higher than the real altitude c) equal to the standard altitude

Correct Answer: [x) b) Higher than the real altitude]

Q19 Question: In case of accidental closing of an aircraft’s left static pressure port (rain, birds), the altimeter: Options: a) Over reads the altitude in case of a sideslip to the left and displays the correct information during symmetric flight b) keeps on providing reliable reading in all situations c) Under reads the altitude

Correct Answer: [x) a) Over reads the altitude in case of a sideslip to the left and displays the correct information during symmetric flight] ⸻

Q20 Question: The altimeter is fed by: Options: a) differential pressure b) dynamic pressure c) static pressure

Correct Answer: [x) c) static pressure] ⸻

Q21 Question: The advantage of sensitive altimeter over service altimeter is. Options: a) It does not form lag error. b) Instrument error is really eliminated. c) It can be used up to higher altitude

Correct Answer: [x) c) It can be used up to higher altitude] ⸻

Q22 Question: The error in altimeter readings caused by the variation of the static pressure near the source is known as: Options: a) position pressure error b) barometric error c) hysteresis effect

Correct Answer: [x) a) position pressure error] ⸻

Q23 Question: If the static source of an altimeter becomes blocked during a descent the instrument will: Options: a) under-read b) gradually indicate zero c) continue to display the reading at which the blockage occurred

Correct Answer: [x) c) continue to display the reading at which the blockage occurred] ⸻

Q24 Question: The primary factor which makes the servo-assisted altimeter more accurate than the simple pressure altimeter is the use of: Options: a) an induction pick-off device b) more effective temperature compensating leaf springs c) combination of counters/pointers

Correct Answer: [x) a) an induction pick-off device] ⸻

Q25 Question: At sea level, on a typical servo altimeter, the tolerance in feet from indicated must not exceed: Options: a) +/- 30ft b) +/- 75ft c) +/- 60ft

Correct Answer: [x) c) +/- 60ft] ⸻

Q26 Question: An aircraft is flying straight and level, over a warm air mass. The altimeter reading will be: Options: a) Greater than the real height b) less than the real height c) correct

Correct Answer: [x) b) less than the real height] ⸻

Q27 Question: When flying from a sector of warm air into one of colder air, the altimeter will: Options: a) be just as correct as before b) Under read c) Over read

Correct Answer: [x) c) Over read] ⸻

Q28 Question: The hysteresis error of an altimeter varies substantially with the: Options: a) Aircraft altitude b) time passed at a given altitude c) mach number of the aircraft

Correct Answer: [x) b) time passed at a given altitude] ⸻

Q29 Question: A pilot is given a QNH of 1003 hPa while coming in to land. He forgets to re-set his altimeter. The error experienced will be: Options: a) Pilot Error b) Pressure Error c) Barometric error

Correct Answer: [x) c) Barometric error] ⸻

Q30 Question: For an altimeter, pressure fluctuations at the static vent cause: Options: a) Barometric error b) Position error c) Hysteresis error

Correct Answer: [x) b) Position error] ⸻

Q31 Question: An aircraft is passing 6,500 ft in a descent when the static line becomes blocked. The altimeter then reads: Options: a) less than 6,500 ft b) zero c) 6,500 ft

Correct Answer: [x) c) 6,500 ft] ⸻

Q32 Question: The purpose of the vibrating device of an altimeter is to? Options: a) Allow damping of the measurement in the unit b) Reduce the hysteresis effect c) Reduce the effect of friction in the linkages

Correct Answer: [x) c) Reduce the effect of friction in the linkages] ⸻

Q33 Question: Lag error in servo assisted altimeter is virtually removed by: Options: a) Electromechanical pick off device b) Rocking mechanism c) Using more than one capsule in series

Correct Answer: [x) a) Electromechanical pick off device]

Q34 Question: Transducer in servo assisted altimeter is used to Options: a) Increase sensitivity of altimeter b) To remove lag error c) All the above

Correct Answer: [x) b) To remove lag error]

Q35 Question: In an aircraft a static source is so placed that it is having subjected to dynamic pressure. The error caused of any will be known as: Options: a) There will be no error b) Position Error c) Dynamic Pressure Error

Correct Answer: [x) b) Position Error]

Q36 Question: The principle of operation of a servo-assisted pressure altimeter is that: Options: a) static pressure is used in the same way as a simple altimeter except that several capsules are used b) static pressure changes are converted via an E- and I-bar transducer into electrical signal which is used, via a follow-up system, to move a digital counter and pointer system c) static pressure enters an aneroid capsule causing it to expand

Correct Answer: [x) b) static pressure changes are converted via an E- and I-bar transducer into electrical signal which is used, via a follow-up system, to move a digital counter and pointer system]

Q37 Question: When flying from low pressure to high pressure, the barometric error of an altimeter will cause the instrument to: Options: a) indicate a higher altitude than the correct one b) Under read the true altitude of the aircraft c) indicate the true altitude

Correct Answer: [x) b) Under read the true altitude of the aircraft]

Q38 Question: What will happen to the altimeter reading in a right sideslip, if an aircraft has a static vent at each side of the fuselage, but the left one is blocked? Options: a) Over read b) Under read c) No change

Correct Answer: [x) b) Under read]

Q39 Question: A barometric altimeter comprises of? Options: a) An aneroid capsule sensing static pressure b) An aneroid capsule sensing pitot pressure c) A differential capsule sensing pitot and static pressures

Correct Answer: [x) a) An aneroid capsule sensing static pressure]

Q40 Question: What will happen to the altimeter reading in a right sideslip, if an aircraft has a static vent at each side of the fuselage, but the right one is blocked? Options: a) Over read b) Under read c) No change

Correct Answer: [x) a) Over read]

Q41 Question: The altimeter of an aircraft with a static pressure source on each side of the fuselage will if one becomes blocked? Options: a) Over read when side slipping b) Over read when side slipping towards the blocked source c) Over read when side slipping towards the clear source

Correct Answer: [x) b) Over read when side slipping towards the blocked source]

Q42 Question: A servo altimeter is …. it employs an electrical pick-off? Options: a) More accurate because… b) Less accurate because… c) Less reliable because…

Correct Answer: [x) a) More accurate because…]

Q43 Question: What will happen to the altimeter reading if an aircraft flying at a fixed heading meets a colder air mass? Options: a) Read less than true altitude b) Read more than true altitude c) Read zero

Correct Answer: [x) b) Read more than true altitude]

Q44 Question: From where does the ADC obtain altitude data? Options: a) Radio Altimeter b) OAT sources c) Barometric altitude source d) Dynamic minus total pressure

Correct Answer: [x) c) Barometric altitude source]

Q45 Question: If icing or debris cause pressure disturbances at the static source, the effect will be? Options: a) Increased compressibility error b) Increased instrument error c) Increased position error

Correct Answer: [x) c) Increased position error]

Q46 Question: In a barometric altimeter… Is fed into the capsule and … Is fed into the case? Options: a) Static pressure, dynamic pressure b) Vacuum, static pressure c) Dynamic pressure, vacuum

Correct Answer: [x) b) Vacuum, static pressure]

Q47 Question: If the static pressure source in an un-pressurized aircraft became blocked the altimeter would… but might be rectified by…? Options: a) Read zero, break the altimeter glass b) Read zero, open the windows c) Freeze, break the VSI glass

Correct Answer: [x) c) Freeze, break the VSI glass]

Q48 Question: If the pitot source becomes blocked the barometric altimeter will? Options: a) Freeze. b) Read zero. c) Be unaffected.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Be unaffected.]

Q49 Question: If the static vent becomes partly blocked in a descent the indications will? Options: a) Be too high when descending but correct when at constant altitude. b) Be too high when descending but correct when at constant height. c) Be too low when descending but correct when at constant altitude.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Be too high when descending but correct when at constant altitude.]

Q50 Question: A vibrator is sometimes fitted in an altimeter to? Options: a) Overcome gauge parallax error. b) Reduce instrument errors. c) Reduce sensing errors.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Reduce instrument errors.]

Q1 Question: Dynamic pressure is: Options: a) Density and static pressure b) Pitot pressure minus static pressure c) Pitot pressure plus static pressure

Correct Answer: [x) b) Pitot pressure minus static pressure] ⸻

Q2 Question: The reason for having a square-law compensation in the airspeed-indicator mechanism is: Options: a) The differential pressure decreases with the square of the airspeed b) The ram air pressure decreases with the square-root of the airspeed c) The differential pressure increases with the square of the airspeed

Correct Answer: [x) c) The differential pressure increases with the square of the airspeed] ⸻

Q3 Question: A pitot tube covered by ice which blocks the ram air inlet will affect the following instrument(s): Options: a) altimeter only. b) vertical speed indicator only. c) airspeed indicator only.

Correct Answer: [x) c) airspeed indicator only.] ⸻

Q4 Question: The Airspeed Indicator measures: Options: a) Static pressure b) Differential pressure c) Static pressure changes

Correct Answer: [x) b) Differential pressure] ⸻

Q5 Question: If static source of ASI is blocked during level flight, ASI will: Options: a) Under-read b) Over-read c) Will read correct

Correct Answer: [x) c) Will read correct] ⸻

Q6 Question: If the static tube is clogged, which instrument(s) is/are affected? Options: a) Vertical speed indicator & ASI only. b) Altimeter & VSI only. c) Airspeed indicator, VSI and altimeter.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Airspeed indicator, VSI and altimeter.] ⸻

Q7 Question: Indicated airspeed corrected for position error is: Options: a) Calibrated airspeed. b) Ground speed. c) Equivalent air speed.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Calibrated airspeed.]

Q8 Question: Which of the following is most dangerous? Options: a) Pitot blocked during climb. b) Static blocked during descend (over-read) c) Pitot blocked during descend d) More prone to stalling because of low power setting and low speed.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Static blocked during descend (over-read)] ⸻

Q9 Question: If static source of an a/c is blocked during climb. Altimeter ________ and ASI will: Options: a) Under-read, under-read b) Under-read, over-read c) Over-read, under-read

Correct Answer: [x) a) Under-read, under-read] ⸻

Q10 Question: Compressibility Error requires a…. (i) correction because it is… (ii) of… (iii) pressure. It gives… (iv): Options: a) (i) negative (ii) an increase (iii) dynamic (iv) EAS b) (i) positive (ii) an increase (iii) dynamic (iv) TAS c) (i) negative (ii) a decrease (iii) static (iv) EAS

Correct Answer: [x) a) (i) negative (ii) an increase (iii) dynamic (iv) EAS] ⸻

Q11 Question: The airspeed indicator is calibrated to: Options: a) ISA at the height the aircraft is flying b) the full ISA c) ISA at mean sea level

Correct Answer: [x) c) ISA at mean sea level] ⸻

Q12 Question: In a standard atmosphere and at the sea level, the calibrated airspeed (CAS) is: Options: a) higher than the true airspeed (TAS) b) independent of the true airspeed (TAS) c) equal to the true airspeed (TAS)

Correct Answer: [x) c) equal to the true airspeed (TAS)] ⸻

Q13 Question: A white arc on a ASI indicates: Options: a) flaps extension speed range. b) safe cruise speed. c) safe speed on approach to land.

Correct Answer: [x) a) flaps extension speed range.] ⸻

Q14 Question: A pitot blockage of both the ram air input and the drain hole with the static port open causes the airspeed indicator to: Options: a) freeze at zero b) read a little low c) React like an altimeter

Correct Answer: [x) c) React like an altimeter] ⸻

Q15 Question: If the static line to the ASI becomes blocked during a climb, the ASI reading will: Options: a) remain fixed. b) progressively over read. c) progressively under read.

Correct Answer: [x) c) progressively under read.] ⸻

Q16 Question: The pressure measured at the forward facing orifice of a pitot tube is the: Options: a) dynamic pressure b) total pressure c) static pressure

Correct Answer: [x) b) total pressure] ⸻

Q17 Question: VNO is the maximum speed: Options: a) with flaps extended in landing position. b) At which the flight controls can be fully deflected. c) not to be exceeded except in still air and with caution.

Correct Answer: [x) c) not to be exceeded except in still air and with caution.] ⸻

Q18 Question: The limits of the white scale of an airspeed indicator are: Options: a) VSI for the lower limit and VFE for the upper limit b) VSO for the lower limit and VFE for the upper limit c) VSO for the lower limit and VLE for the upper limit

Correct Answer: [x) b) VSO for the lower limit and VFE for the upper limit] ⸻

Q19 Question: If the static source to an airspeed indicator (ASI) becomes blocked during a descent the instrument will: Options: a) continue to indicate the speed applicable to that at the time of the blockage b) read zero c) over-read

Correct Answer: [x) c) over-read

Q20 Question: Dynamic pressure sensed by or pitot tube: Today’s airspeed indicators (calibrated to the Saint-Venant formula), indicate, in the absence of static (and instrumental) error: Options: a) Is not affected by the density of surround up air. b) Increases if air density increases c) Increases if air density decreases

Correct Answer: [x) b) Increases if air density increases]

Q21 Question: The errors to which the mach meter is subject are: Options: a) instrument error, position error, compressibility error and manoeuvre induced error. b) instrument error, position error, density error and manoeuvre induced error. c) instrument error, position error.

Correct Answer: [x) c) instrument error, position error.

Q22 Question: The combined Mach meter / ASI is subject to the following errors: Options: a) instrument and compressibility only b) instrument, pressure and temperature only c) position, density, instrument, compressibility, manoeuvre induced

Correct Answer: [x) c) position, density, instrument, compressibility, manoeuvre induced] ⸻

Q23 Question: How many diaphragms are present in a basic Mach meter? Options: a) Four. b) Two. c) Three.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Two.] ⸻

Q24 Question: Indication of Mach number is obtained from: Options: a) indicated speed and altitude using a speed indicator equipped with an altimeter type aneroid b) an ordinary airspeed indicator scaled for Mach number instead of knots c) a kind of echo sound comparing velocity of sound with indicated speed

Correct Answer: [x) a) indicated speed and altitude using a speed indicator equipped with an altimeter type aneroid] ⸻

Q25 Question: The Mach number is the: Options: a) true airspeed (TAS) divided by the local speed of sound b) equivalent airspeed (EAS) divided by the local speed of sound c) indicated airspeed (IAS) divided by the local speed of sound

Correct Answer: [x) a) true airspeed (TAS) divided by the local speed of sound] ⸻

Q26 Question: The principle of the Mach indicator is based on the computation of the ratio: Options: a) (Pt+Ps) to Ps b) Pt to Ps c) (Pt-Ps) to Ps

Correct Answer: [x) c) (Pt-Ps) to Ps] ⸻

Q27 Question: The Mach number is: Options: a) a direct function of temperature; it varies in proportion to the square root of the absolute temperature b) The ratio of the aircraft true airspeed to the sonic velocity at the altitude considered c) the ratio of the aircraft conventional airspeed to the sonic velocity at the altitude considered

Correct Answer: [x) b) The ratio of the aircraft true airspeed to the sonic velocity at the altitude considered] ⸻

Q28 Question: Sound propagates through the air at a speed which only depends on: Options: a) temperature b) temperature and the pressure c) pressure

Correct Answer: [x) a) temperature]

Q29 Question: Mach meter readings are subject to: Options: a) setting error b) density error c) position pressure error

Correct Answer: [x) c) position pressure error] ⸻

Q30 Question: The reading of a Mach indicator is independent of: Options: a) The outside temperature b) The static pressure c) The total pressure

Correct Answer: [x) a) The outside temperature] ⸻

Q31 Question: As an airplane climbs higher, the true airspeed for a given indicated airspeed will: Options: a) Decrease b) Increase c) Remain the same

Correct Answer: [x) b) Increase] ⸻

Q32 Question: Which of the following instruments require pitot and static pressure inputs? Options: a) Airspeed indicator, vertical speed indicator, altimeter. b) Airspeed indicator, mach meter and vertical speed indicator. c) Airspeed indicator and mach meter.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Airspeed indicator and mach meter.

Q33 Question: During a steady climb the pitot head becomes totally blocked by ice. As the climb continues the indications of the mach meter will: Options: a) progressively under indicate the Mach number b) stick at the Mach number at the time of blockage c) increase no matter what the actual Mach number

Correct Answer: [x) c) increase no matter what the actual Mach number] ⸻

Q34 Question: The Mach number is a function of the: Options: a) Isobaric gradient of the fluid. b) Humidity of the air. c) Absolute temperature of the air.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Absolute temperature of the air.] ⸻

Q35 Question: A mach meter comprises of? Options: a) A combination of ASI and altimeter. b) A combination of VSI and altimeter. c) An ASI with its scale marked in mach numbers.

Correct Answer: [x) a) A combination of ASI and altimeter.] ⸻

Q36 Question: Mach meter indications? Options: a) Vary with airspeed and temperature. b) Vary only with airspeed. c) Vary only with temperature.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Vary only with airspeed.

Q37 Question: How will mach meter indication respond if an aircraft passes through a cold front when flying at constant CAS and altitude? Options: a) Increase. b) Decrease. c) Remain constant.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Remain constant.] ⸻

Q38 Question: A mach meter indicates mach number based on the ratio of? Options: a) Static pressure to pitot pressure. b) Pitot pressure to static pressure. c) Dynamic pressure to static pressure.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Dynamic pressure to static pressure.

Q39 Question: The airspeed indicator of an aircraft is provided with a moving red and white hatched pointer. This pointer indicates the: Options: a) speed indicated on the auto throttle control box, versus temperature b) speed indicated on the auto throttle control box versus altitude c) maximum speed in VMO operation versus altitude

Correct Answer: [x) c) maximum speed in VMO operation versus altitude] ⸻

Q40 Question: The velocity maximum operating (V.M.O.) is a speed expressed in: Options: a) calibrated airspeed (CAS). b) true airspeed (TAS). c) equivalent airspeed (EAS).

Correct Answer: [x) a) calibrated airspeed (CAS).] ⸻

Q41 Question: Considering the maximum operational Mach number (MMO) and the maximum operational speed (VMO), the captain of a pressurized aircraft begins his descent from a high flight level. In order to meet his scheduled time of arrival, he decides to use the maximum ground speed at any time of the descent. He will be limited: Options: a) by the MMO b) initially by the MMO, then by the VMO below a certain flight level c) by the VMO in still air

Correct Answer: [x) b) initially by the MMO, then by the VMO below a certain flight level] ⸻

Q42 Question: Compressibility error in the ASI is normally corrected by: Options: a) Use of a calibration card placed next to the instrument b) Accurate calibration of the instrument c) Use of the navigation computer

Correct Answer: [x) c) Use of the navigation computer] ⸻

Q43 Question: Turbulent flow around a pressure head will cause: Options: a) an increase in the dynamic pressure. b) approximately 95% of the position error. c) density error.

Correct Answer: [x) b) approximately 95% of the position error.]

Q44 Question: Dynamic pressure is given by: Options: a) The static energy formula P1V1 = P2V2 b) The kinetic energy formula: 1/2 density × V² c) The kinetic energy formula P1V1 = P2V2

Correct Answer: [x) b) The kinetic energy formula: 1/2 density × V²] ⸻

Q45 Question: The advantages of an ADC over a traditional pitot-static system are: 1. position and compressibility correction. 2. reduced lag 3. ability to supply many instruments 4. ability to act as an altimeter following failure. Options: a) 1, 3 & 4 b) 1, 2 & 3 c) 1, 2 & 4

Correct Answer: [x) b) 1, 2 & 3

Q46 Question: When descending at constant CAS? Options: a) Dynamic pressure increases. b) Dynamic pressure decreases. c) Dynamic pressure remains constant.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Dynamic pressure remains constant.] ⸻

Q47 Question: During a climb after take-off from a contaminated runway, if the total pressure probe of the airspeed indicator is blocked, the pilot finds that indicated airspeed? Options: a) Decreases abruptly towards zero. b) Increases steadily. c) Increases abruptly towards VNE.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Increases steadily.] ⸻

Q48 Question: With a pitot probe blocked due to ice build up, the aircraft airspeed indicator will indicate in descent? Options: a) Increasing speed. b) Fluctuating speed. c) Decreasing speed.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Decreasing speed.] ⸻

Q49 Question: After an aircraft has passed through a volcanic cloud which has blocked the total pressure probe inlet of the airspeed indicator, the pilot begins a stabilized descent and finds that the indicated airspeed? Options: a) Increases steadily. b) Decreases abruptly towards zero. c) Decreases steadily.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Decreases steadily.

Q50 Question: What speed is VNO? Options: a) That which may only be exceeded with caution and in still air. b) That which may never be exceeded. c) That which may be exceeded only in emergencies.

Correct Answer: [x) a) That which may only be exceeded with caution and in still air.] ⸻

Q51 Question: What will be the effect if the drain hole and pitot tapping in a pitot probe are blocked, whilst the static source remains open? Options: a) The ASI will respond to changes in pressure altitude only. b) The ASI will not respond. c) The ASI will under read at all speeds.

Correct Answer: [x) a) The ASI will respond to changes in pressure altitude only.] ⸻

Q52 Question: What do the upper and lower limits of the yellow arc on an ASI represent? Options: a) VNE and VNO. b) VNO and VNE. c) VMO and VNE.

Correct Answer: [x) a) VNE and VNO.] ⸻

Q53 Question: If the pitot source and drain become blocked by ice when in cruise flight, how will the ASI respond when descending? Options: a) It will under read. b) It will over read. c) It will read zero in all conditions.

Correct Answer: [x) a) It will under read.

Q54 Question: At MSL in the ISA? Options: a) CAS = TAS. b) IAS = TAS. c) IAS = EAS.

Correct Answer: [x) a) CAS = TAS.] ⸻

Q55 Question: In an ASI system, what does the pitot probe measure? Options: a) Total pressure. b) Dynamic pressure. c) Static pressure.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Total pressure.] ⸻

Q56 Question: How is the Critical engine failure recognition speed designated? Options: a) V4 b) V2 c) V1

Correct Answer: [x) c) V1] ⸻

Q57 Question: VFE is the? Options: a) Maximum speed at which the aircraft is permitted to fly with its flaps extended. b) Maximum speed at which the flaps can be extended or retracted. c) The minimum speed for flaps up flight.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Maximum speed at which the aircraft is permitted to fly with its flaps extended.] ⸻

Q58 Question: What will be the effect on the ASI if the pitot tube of an unpressurised aircraft is fractured and the pitot drain is blocked? Options: a) It will over read. b) It will under read. c) It will give a constant reading.

Correct Answer: [x) b) It will under read.

Q59 Question: If the pitot pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The IAS reading will be too low when climbing. b) The IAS reading will be too low when descending. c) The IAS reading will be too low when descending and too high when climbing.

Correct Answer: [x) c) The IAS reading will be too low when descending and too high when climbing.]

Q60 Question: If the pitot pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The IAS will be too high when descending. b) The IAS will be too low when accelerating. c) The IAS will be too low at all times.

Correct Answer: [x) b) The IAS will be too low when accelerating.] ⸻

Q61 Question: If the static pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The IAS and ROC will be too low when climbing. b) The IAS and ROC will be too low when descending. c) The IAS and ROC will be too low at all times.

Correct Answer: [x) a) The IAS and ROC will be too low when climbing.] ⸻

Q62 Question: If the static pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The IAS will be too high when descending at constant IAS. b) The IAS will be too high when accelerating at constant altitude. c) The IAS will be too low at all times.

Correct Answer: [x) a) The IAS will be too high when descending at constant IAS.] ⸻

Q63 Question: If the pitot pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The ASI will over read and the error will be greater when climbing at constant CAS than when climbing at constant TAS. b) The ASI will over read and the error will be greater when climbing at constant TAS than when climbing at constant CAS. c) The ASI will under read and the error will be greater when climbing at constant CAS than when climbing at constant TAS. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) The ASI will over read and the error will be greater when climbing at constant TAS than when climbing at constant CAS.]

Q64 Question: What does the white arc on an ASI indicate? Options: a) Vso at the lower end and VFE at the upper end. b) Vso at the lower end and VFO at the upper end. c) VSI at the lower end and VFE at the upper end.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Vso at the lower end and VFE at the upper end.] ⸻

Q65 Question: If the pitot source becomes blocked while the static source remains open, an ASI will? Options: a) Under read at all speeds. b) Over read at all speeds. c) Give an indication proportional to altitude.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Give an indication proportional to altitude.] ⸻

Q66 Question: VNE is? Options: a) The speed that must never be exceeded. b) The maximum speed for normal operations. c) The best climb speed.

Correct Answer: [x) a) The speed that must never be exceeded.] ⸻

Q67 Question: What is VLO? Options: a) The maximum speed with landing gear out. b) The maximum speed for retracting or extending the landing gear. c) The minimum speed for flight with landing gear out. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) The maximum speed for retracting or extending the landing gear.]

Q68 Question: What does the green arc on an ASI indicate? Options: a) VLE at the lower end and VLO at the upper end. b) Vsl at the lower end and VNO at the upper end. c) Vsl at the lower end and MMO at the upper end. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Vsl at the lower end and VNO at the upper end.]

Q69 Question: Where on an ASI is VFE indicated? Options: a) The upper end of the white arc. b) The lower end of the yellow arc. c) The blue radial line. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) The upper end of the white arc.]

Q70 Question: Where on an ASI is VFO indicated? Options: a) It is not specifically marked but will be less than VFE. b) The lower end of the white arc. c) It is not specifically marked but will be more than VFE. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) It is not specifically marked but will be less than VFE.]

Q71 Question: Where on an ASI is VMO indicated? Options: a) Upper end of green mark and lower end of yellow arc. b) Lower end of green arc and upper end of white arc. c) Upper end of white arc and lower end of green arc. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Upper end of green mark and lower end of yellow arc.]

Q72 Question: Where on an ASI is VNO indicated? Options: a) Upper end of green mark and lower end of yellow arc. b) Lower end of green arc and upper end of white arc. c) Upper end of white arc and lower end of green arc. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Upper end of green mark and lower end of yellow arc.]

Q73 Question: Where on a twin prop aircraft ASI is VYSE indicated? Options: a) The upper end of the white arc b) The lower end of the yellow arc. c) The blue radial line. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) The blue radial line.]

Q74 Question: Where on an ASI is VNE indicated? Options: a) The red radial line at the upper end of the white arc. b) The red radial line at the lower end of the green arc. c) The red radial line at the upper end of the yellow arc.

Correct Answer: [x) c) The red radial line at the upper end of the yellow arc.]

Q75 Question: Where on an ASI is VLO indicated? Options: a) The upper end of the white arc b) The lower end of the white arc c) It is not specifically marked but will be less than VLE ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) It is not specifically marked but will be less than VLE]

Q76 Question: Where on an ASI is VS with flaps up indicated? Options: a) Lower end of white arc b) Upper end of yellow arc c) Lower end of green arc ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Lower end of green arc]

Q77 Question: VFE is …….. And is indicated by the …….. on an ASI? Options: a) Max speed for flap retraction – upper end of green arc b) Max speed for flap down flight – upper end of white arc c) Max speed for flaps up flight – lower end of white arc ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Max speed for flap down flight – upper end of white arc]

Q78 Question: VNO is ………. and is indicated by the ………. on an ASI? Options: a) Min speed for normal operations – Lower end of green arc b) Max speed for normal operations – upper end of green arc c) Min speed for night operations – lower end of white arc ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Max speed for normal operations – upper end of green arc]

Q79 Question: VNE is ………. And is indicated by the ………. on an ASI? Options: a) Minimum night envelope speed – upper end of white arc b) Maximum night envelope speed – lower end of green arc c) Never exceed speed – red radial line at the upper end of the yellow arc ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Never exceed speed – red radial line at the upper end of the yellow arc]

Q80 Question: The calibrated airspeed (CAS) is obtained by applying to the indicated airspeed (IAS)? Options: a) A compressibility and density correction b) An instrument and position/pressure error correction c) An antenna and compressibility correction ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) An instrument and position/pressure error correction]

Q81 Question: The velocity maximum operating (VMO) is a speed expressed in? Options: a) True airspeed (TAS) b) Computed airspeed (COAS) c) Calibrated airspeed (CAS) ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Calibrated airspeed (CAS)]

Q82 Question: VLE is the maximum? Options: a) Speed authorized in flight b) Flight speed with landing gear down c) Speed at which the landing gear can be operated with full safety

Correct Answer: [x) b) Flight speed with landing gear down

Q83 Question: The airspeed indicator of a twin-engined aircraft comprises different sectors and color marks. The blue line corresponds to the? Options: a) Maximum speed in operations, or VMO b) Optimum climbing speed with one engine inoperative, or Vy c) Speed not to be exceeded, or VNE ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Optimum climbing speed with one engine inoperative, or Vy]

Q84 Question: An airplane is in steady descent. The auto-throttle maintains a constant Mach number. If the total temperature remains constant, the calibrated airspeed? Options: a) Remains constant b) Decreases if the static temperature is lower than the standard temperature, increases if above c) Increases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Increases]

Q85 Question: An aeroplane is in steady descent below the tropopause in the ISA. The auto-throttle maintains a constant calibrated airspeed. If the total temperature remains constant, the Mach number? Options: a) Increases if the static temperature is lower than the standard temperature, decreases if higher b) Decreases c) Increases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decreases]

Q86 Question: An aeroplane is in a steady climb. The auto-throttle maintains a constant Mach number. If the total temperature remains constant, the calibrated airspeed? Options: a) Decreases if the static temperature is lower than the standard temperature, increases if higher b) Decreases c) Increases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decreases]

Q87 Question: How will the mach meter respond in a constant CAS climb if the static source becomes blocked? Options: a) Increase b) Decrease c) Remain constant ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decrease]

Q88 Question: How will the mach meter respond in a constant TAS climb if the static source becomes blocked? Options: a) Increase b) Decrease c) Remain constant ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decrease]

Q89 Question: How will the mach meter respond in a constant mach number climb if the static source becomes blocked? Options: a) Increase b) Decrease c) Remain constant

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decrease]

Q90 Question: What happens to mach meter indication in a constant TAS climb? Options: a) Increases. b) Decreases. c) Increases then remains constant. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Increases]

Q91 Question: What would happen if the static pipe became detached from the back of a mach meter in a pressurised aircraft at high altitude? Options: a) Under read. b) Over read. c) No effect. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Under read]

Q92 Question: A mach meter is made up of? Options: a) An altimeter with a density capsule. b) An ASI with an altitude capsule. c) A VSI with a modified scale. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) An ASI with an altitude capsule]

Q93 Question: Vmo is calculated based on? Options: a) TAS. b) EAS. c) CAS. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) EAS]

Q94 Question: If the static source becomes blocked the mach meter will ………. as an aircraft climbs? Options: a) Over indicate. b) Under indicate. c) Not indicate. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Under indicate]

Q95 Question: If temperature decreases when flying at constant CAS at FL 200, the mach meter indication will …….. and the true mach number will ……? Options: a) Increase / increase. b) Decrease / decrease. c) Not change / increase. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Not change / increase]

Q96 Question: Mach meter indications? Options: a) Are temperature related. b) Increase with temperature. c) Are independent of temperature. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Are independent of temperature]

Q97 Question: What is actually measured by a mach meter? Options: a) Pitot pressure. b) The ratio of (pitot pressure - static pressure) to static pressure. c) The ratio of static pressure to dynamic pressure. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) The ratio of (pitot pressure - static pressure) to static pressure]

Q98 Question: If temperature increases by 5 degrees C during a constant mach number descent, what will happen to CAS? Options: a) Increase by 5 Kts. b) Increase by 10 Kts. c) Remain constant.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Increase by 5 Kts.]

Q99 Question: What does mach number represent? Options: a) The CAS of an aircraft as a fraction of the local speed of sound. b) The local speed of sound as a fraction of the CAS of an aircraft. c) The IAS of an aircraft as a fraction of the local speed of sound. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) The IAS of an aircraft as a fraction of the local speed of sound]

Q100 Question: The maximum speed at which it is safe to fly a retractable gear aircraft with the landing gear extended? Options: a) VMLE b) VLE c) VMAXLE

Correct Answer: [x) b) VLE]

VSI 1 Question: The alternate static source in a light non-pressurised aircraft is in the flight deck. As the alternate source is opened, the vertical airspeed indicator may: Options: a) Indicate a high rate of descent. b) Indicate a slight momentary descent. c) Indicate a momentary climb. d) Be blocked. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Indicate a momentary climb]

VSI 2 Question: If the pitot pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The VSI indication will be too low when climbing. b) The VSI will be too low when descending. c) The VSI will not be affected. d) The VSI will be too low when descending and too high when climbing. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) The VSI will not be affected.]

VSI 3 Question: If the static pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The VSI indication will be too high when descending. b) The VSI indication will be too high when accelerating. c) The VSI indication will be too low when climbing or descending. d) The VSI indication will be unaffected. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) The VSI indication will be too low when climbing or descending.]

VSI 4 Question: VSI lag is reduced by? Options: a) Two dashpots responding to acceleration. b) Two return springs. c) Bi-metallic strips. d) Electronic systems. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Two dashpots responding to acceleration.]

VSI 5 Question: If the choke in the VSI becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The VSI indication will be too high when climbing. b) The VSI indication will be too low when descending. c) The VSI indication will be too high at all times. d) The VSI indication will be too high when climbing or descending. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) The VSI indication will be too high when climbing or descending.]

VSI 6 Question: The correct action to be taken when the static vent blocks on an unpressurised aircraft is to? Options: a) Break the VSI glass. b) Use the standby static source. c) Calculate ROC using mathematically. d) Open a window to equalise pressures. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Use the standby static source.]

VSI 7 Question: If the casing of a VSI in a pressurised aircraft develops a leak? Options: a) VSI indications will be too low when climbing or descending. b) VSI indications will be too high when climbing or descending. c) VSI indications will be too low when climbing and too high when descending. d) VSI indications will be too high when climbing and too low when descending.

Correct Answer: [x) d) VSI indications will be too high when climbing and too low when descending.]

VSI 8 Question: A VSI? Options: a) Produces an output proportional to ambient pressure. b) Measures the difference between total pressure and static pressure. c) Measures the difference between the pressure inside and outside a capsule. d) Measures only dynamic pressure. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Measures the difference between the pressure inside and outside a capsule.]

VSI 9 Question: A VSI indicates increasing ROD by? Options: a) VSI needle moving downwards. b) VSI needle moving upwards. c) VSI needle stationary. d) The VSI indicates only vertical speeds, not accelerations. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) VSI needle moving downwards.]

VSI 10 Question: As an aircraft moves close to the ground during a landing the VSI might? Options: a) Become inaccurate due to ground effect. b) Become inaccurate due to turbulence. c) Stick due to loss of pitot source. d) Become inaccurate due to aircraft attitude changes. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Become inaccurate due to ground effect.]

VSI 11 Question: What should the VSI indicate when an aircraft on a 3-degree glideslope is flying at 100 Kts TAS? Options: a) 224 fpm descent. b) 324 fpm descent. c) 424 fpm descent. d) 524 fpm descent. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) 524 fpm descent.]

VSI 12 Question: If the static pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The VSI indication will be too high when descending. b) The VSI indication will be too high when accelerating at constant altitude. c) The VSI indication will be too low at all times. d) The VSI indication will be too low when descending.

Correct Answer: [x) d) The VSI indication will be too low when descending.

VSI 14 Question: The response rate of a VSI can be improved by fitting a? Options: a) Accelerometer system. b) Choke system. c) Bi-metallic compensator. d) Return spring.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Accelerometer system.]

VSI 13 Question: If the pitot pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The VSI will over read when climbing or descending. b) The VSI will be unaffected. c) The VSI will over under read at all times. d) The VSI will read zero at all times.

Correct Answer: [x) b) The VSI will be unaffected]

ASI 1 Question: In case of static port blockage, the airspeed indicator: Options: a) Over reads in a climb and under reads in a descent. b) Under reads in a descent only. c) Under reads in a climb and over reads in a descent. d) Over reads in a climb only. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Under reads in a climb and over reads in a descent.]

ASI 2 Question: The alternate static source of a light non-pressurised aeroplane is located in the flight deck. When used: Options: a) The airspeed indicator tends to under read. b) The airspeed indicator tends to to over read. c) It has no influence on airspeed indicator reading. d) The airspeed indicator indicates a consistent decreasing speed.

Correct Answer: [x) b) The airspeed indicator tends to to over read.]

ASI 13 Question: In an ASI system, what does the pitot probe measure? Options: a) Total pressure b) Dynamic pressure c) Static pressure d) Ambient pressure ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Total pressure]

ASI 14 Question: What does the blue line on a twin engine piston aircraft ASI indicate? Options: a) VSSE b) VNO c) VNE d) VYSE ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) VYSE]

ASI 15 Question: What are indicated by the lower and upper ends of the white arc on an ASI? Options: a) VS1 and VFE b) VS0 and VFE c) VFE and VFO d) VSE and VNE ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) VS0 and VFE]

ASI 16 Question: VFE is the? Options: a) Maximum speed at which the aircraft is permitted to fly with its flaps extended b) Maximum speed at which the flaps can be extended or retracted c) The minimum speed for flaps up flight d) The maximum speed for flaps up flight ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Maximum speed at which the aircraft is permitted to fly with its flaps extended]

ASI 17 Question: What will be the effect on the ASI if the pitot tube of an unpressurised aircraft is fractured and the pitot drain is blocked? Options: a) It will over read b) It will under read c) It will give a constant reading d) It will read zero at all speeds ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) It will over read]

ASI 18 Question: At any given weight or altitude, an aircraft will always lift-off at the same? Options: a) CAS b) TAS c) Ground speed d) EAS ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) CAS]

ASI 19 Question: CAS is? Options: a) EAS corrected for position error and compressibility error b) IAS corrected for position error and instrument error c) TAS corrected for instrument error and ram effect d) IAS corrected for density error and position error ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) IAS corrected for position error and instrument error]

ASI 20 Question: When descending from FL400 and attempting to maintain maximum groundspeed, airspeed will be limited by? Options: a) VNE then VMO b) VNO then VNE c) MMO then VMO d) VMO then MMO ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) MMO then VMO]

ASI 21 Question: What will happen to TAS when descending through an isothermal layer at constant CAS? Options: a) Decrease b) Increase c) Remain constant d) Decrease then increase ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Decrease]

ASI 22 Question: When descending through an inversion at constant TAS? Options: a) Mach number increases b) Mach number decreases c) Mach number remains constant d) CAS decreases

Correct Answer: [x) a) Mach number increases]

ASI 4 Question: The limits of the green scale of an airspeed indicator of light propeller aircraft are: Options: a) VS1 and VNO b) VS1 and VMO c) VSO and VNE d) VS1 and VNE ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) VS1 and VNO]

ASI 5 Question: On the airspeed indicator of a twin engine aeroplane, the blue radial line corresponds to: Options: a) Best single engine rate of climb b) Single engine holding speed c) Minimum ground control speed d) VNE ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Best single engine rate of climb]

ASI 6 Question: What does the “barber’s pole” used on some ASI’s indicate? Options: a) MMO b) VNE c) TAS d) Temperature and VMO ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) Temperature and VMO]

ASI 7 Question: What speed is VNO? Options: a) That which may only be exceeded with caution and in still air b) That which may never be exceeded c) That which may be exceeded only in emergencies d) That at which full control deflection is possible without overstressing the aircraft structure ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) That which may only be exceeded with caution and in still air]

ASI 8 Question: From what is VMO calculated? Options: a) TAS b) EAS c) CAS d) RAS ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) EAS]

ASI 9 Question: What will be the effect if the drain hole and pitot tapping in a pitot probe are blocked, whilst the static source remains open? Options: a) The ASI will respond to changes in pressure altitude only b) The ASI will not respond c) The ASI will under read at all speeds d) The ASI will over read when accelerating, decelerating, climbing or descending ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) The ASI will respond to changes in pressure altitude only]

ASI 10 Question: What do the upper and lower limits of the yellow arc on an ASI represent? Options: a) VNE and VNO b) VNO and VNE c) VMO and VNE d) VNO and VMO ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) VNE and VNO]

ASI 11 Question: If the pitot source and drain become blocked by ice when in cruise flight, how will the ASI respond when descending? Options: a) It will under read b) It will over read c) It will read zero in all conditions d) It will remain fixed at the reading at which it became blocked ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) It will under read]

ASI 12 Question: At MSL in the ISA? Options: a) CAS = TAS b) IAS = TAS c) IAS = EAS d) CAS < TAS

Correct Answer: [x) a) CAS = TAS

ASI 3 Question: Given: Pt = total pressure Ps = static pressure Pd = dynamic pressure The airspeed indicator measures: Options: a) Ps - Pt b) Pt - Pd c) Pd - Ps d) Pt - Ps

Correct Answer: [x) d) Pt - Ps]

ASI 23 Question: When climbing through an inversion at constant TAS? Options: a) Mach number increases. b) Mach number decreases. c) Mach number remains constant. d) CAS increases.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Mach number decreases]

ASI 34 Question: When descending through an isothermal layer at constant CAS? Options: a) Mach number increases. b) Mach number decreases. c) Mach number remains constant. d) TAS increases.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Mach number decreases]

ASI 45 Question: If the static pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The IAS and ROC will be too low when climbing. b) The IAS and ROC will be too low when descending. c) The IAS and ROC will be too low at all times. d) The IAS will be too low when descending and too high when climbing.

Correct Answer: [x) a) The IAS and ROC will be too low when climbing.]

ASI 24 Question: When descending through an inversion at constant CAS? Options: a) TAS increases b) Mach number increases c) Mach number remains constant d) TAS decreases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) TAS decreases]

ASI 25 Question: When climbing through an inversion at constant CAS? Options: a) TAS increases b) Mach number decreases c) Mach number remains constant d) TAS decreases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) TAS increases]

ASI 26 Question: When climbing through an inversion at constant mach number? Options: a) CAS increases b) TAS decreases c) TAS remains constant d) TAS increases

Correct Answer: [x) d) TAS increases

ASI 27 Question: When descending through an inversion at constant mach number? Options: a) TAS increases b) TAS decreases c) TAS remains constant d) CAS decreases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) TAS decreases]

ASI 28 Question: When climbing through an inversion at constant mach number? Options: a) CAS increases b) LSS decreases c) TAS remains constant d) TAS increases

Correct Answer: [x) d) TAS increases

ASI 29 Question: When descending through an inversion at constant mach number? Options: a) CAS decreases b) LSS increases c) LSS remains constant d) TAS decreases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) TAS decreases]

ASI 30 Question: When climbing through an inversion at constant CAS? Options: a) TAS increases b) TAS decreases c) TAS remains constant d) Mach number decreases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) TAS increases]

ASI 31 Question: When descending through an inversion at constant CAS? Options: a) TAS increases b) TAS decreases c) TAS remains constant d) Mach number increases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) TAS decreases]

ASI 32 Question: When descending through an isothermal layer at constant TAS? Options: a) Mach number increases b) Mach number decreases c) Mach number remains constant d) CAS decreases ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Mach number remains constant]

ASI 33 Question: When climbing through an isothermal layer at constant TAS? Options: a) Mach number increases b) Mach number decreases c) Mach number remains constant d) CAS decreases

Correct Answer: [x) c) Mach number remains constant]

ASI 35 Question: When climbing through an isothermal layer at constant CAS? Options: a) Mach number increases. b) Mach number decreases. c) Mach number remains constant. d) TAS decreases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Mach number increases]

ASI 36 Question: When climbing through an isothermal layer at constant mach number? Options: a) TAS increases. b) TAS decreases. c) TAS remains constant. d) CAS increases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) TAS remains constant]

ASI 37 Question: When descending through an isothermal layer at constant mach number? Options: a) TAS increases. b) TAS decreases. c) TAS remains constant. d) CAS decreases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) TAS remains constant]

ASI 38 Question: When climbing through an isothermal layer at constant mach number? Options: a) CAS increases. b) CAS decreases. c) CAS remains constant. d) TAS decreases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) CAS decreases]

ASI 39 Question: When descending through an isothermal layer at constant CAS? Options: a) LSS increases. b) LSS decreases. c) LSS remains constant. d) TAS increases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) LSS remains constant]

ASI 40 Question: When climbing through an isothermal layer at constant CAS? Options: a) TAS increases. b) TAS decreases. c) TAS remains constant. d) Mach number decreases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) TAS increases]

ASI 41 Question: When descending through an isothermal layer at constant CAS? Options: a) TAS increases. b) TAS decreases. c) TAS remains constant. d) Mach number increases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) TAS decreases]

ASI 42 Question: If pressure remains constant as temperature increases? Options: a) Density will increase, causing the CAS:TAS ratio to increase. b) Density will increase, causing the CAS:TAS ratio to decrease. c) Density will decrease, causing the CAS:TAS ratio to increase. d) Density will decrease, causing the CAS:TAS ratio to decrease. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) Density will decrease, causing the CAS:TAS ratio to decrease]

ASI 43 Question: If the pitot pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The IAS reading will be too low when climbing. b) The IAS reading will be too low when descending. c) The IAS reading will be too low at all times. d) The IAS reading will be too low when descending and too high when climbing. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) The IAS reading will be too low when descending and too high when climbing]

ASI 44 Question: If the pitot pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The IAS will be too high when descending. b) The IAS will be too high when accelerating. c) The IAS will be too low at all times. d) The IAS will be too low when accelerating.

Correct Answer: [x) d) The IAS will be too low when accelerating]

ASI 46 Question: If the static pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The IAS will be too high when descending at constant IAS. b) The IAS will be too high when accelerating at constant altitude. c) The IAS will be too low at all times. d) The IAS will be too low when accelerating at constant altitude. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) The IAS will be too high when descending at constant IAS]

ASI 47 Question: If the pitot pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The ASI will over read and the error will be greater when climbing at constant CAS than when climbing at constant TAS. b) The ASI will over read and the error will be greater when climbing at constant TAS than when climbing at constant CAS. c) The ASI will under read and the error will be greater when climbing at constant CAS than when climbing at constant TAS. d) The ASI will under read and the error will be greater when climbing at constant TAS than when climbing at constant CAS. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) The ASI will over read and the error will be greater when climbing at constant TAS than when climbing at constant CAS]

ASI 48 Question: CAS is IAS corrected for? Options: a) Position error. b) Instrument error. c) Compressibility error. d) Temperature error. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Position error]

ASI 49 Question: What does the white arc on an ASI indicate? Options: a) Vso at the lower end and VFE at the upper end. b) Vso at the lower end and VFO at the upper end. c) VS1 at the lower end and VFE at the upper end. d) VS1 at the lower end and VFO at the upper end.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Vso at the lower end and VFE at the upper end]

ASI 50 Question: If the pitot source becomes blocked while the static source remains open, an ASI will? Options: a) Under read at all speeds. b) Over read at all speeds. c) Read zero at all speeds. d) Give an indication proportional to altitude.

Correct Answer: [x) d) Give an indication proportional to altitude]

Question Number Question: IVSI is more useful over normal VSI as its indications are: Options: a) More reliable during steady climb/descend b) More reliable when a/c initiates climb/descend c) Reliable at all times.

Correct Answer: [x) b) More reliable when a/c initiates climb/descend]

Question Number Question: A/C fitted with IVSI will have Options: a) Climbing indications during turn b) Descend indications during turn c) Will show correct during turns.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Climbing indications during turn]

Question Number Question: Compared to the VSI what errors are eliminated by the IVSI? Options: a) lag b) temperature c) turning

Correct Answer: [x) a) lag]

Question Number Question: The response time of a vertical speed detector may be increased by adding a: Options: a) second calibrated port b) correction based on an accelerometer sensor c) bimetallic strip

Correct Answer: [x) b) correction based on an accelerometer sensor]

Question Number Question: The vertical speed indicator of an aircraft flying at a true airspeed of 100kt, in a descent with a slope of 3 degrees, indicates: Options: a) -300ft/min b) -250ft/min c) -500ft/min

Correct Answer: [x) c) -500ft/min]

Question Number Question: What does a vertical speed indicator actually measure? Options: a) The rate of temperature change b) The rate of temperature and altitude change c) The rate of pressure change

Correct Answer: [x) c) The rate of pressure change]

Question Number Question: The vertical speed indicator VSI is fed by: Options: a) differential pressure b) static pressure c) dynamic pressure

Correct Answer: [x) b) static pressure]

Question Number Question: If the static vent becomes blocked during climb: Options: a) The VSI will indicate an increasing rate of climb b) The VSI will indicate a decreasing rate of climb c) The VSI will return to zero.

Correct Answer: [x) c) The VSI will return to zero.]

Question Number Question: Entering ground effect is likely to? Options: a) Decrease static pressure but increase pitot pressure b) Decrease pitot pressure but increase static pressure c) Increase position errors.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Increase position errors.]

Question Number Question: If metered orifice in VSI becomes partly blocked, VSI indication will be: Options: a) Too high when climbing b) Too low when descending c) Too high when climbing/descending

Correct Answer: [x) c) Too high when climbing/descending]

Question Number Question: If the casing of VSI in a pressurized a/c develops a leak, VSI indications will be: Options: a) Too low when climbing or descending b) Too high when climbing or descending c) Too high when climbing and too low when descending

Correct Answer: [x) c) Too high when climbing and too low when descending]

Question Number Question: If casing of VSI in an unpressurized a/c develops a leak: Options: a) It will over read b) It will under read c) It will read zero

Correct Answer: [x) c) It will read zero]

Question Number Question: The vertical speed indicator indications may be in error for some seconds after starting or finishing a climb or descent. The error is a result of: Options: a) a combination of time lag and instrument error. b) a combination of time lag and manoeuvre induced errors. c) a combination of position error and manoeuvre induced errors.

Correct Answer: [x) b) a combination of time lag and manoeuvre induced errors.]

Question Number Question: If the pitot pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The VSI indication will be too low when climbing b) The VSI indication will be too low when descending c) The VSI will not be affected.

Correct Answer: [x) c) The VSI will not be affected.]

Question Number Question: If the static pipe becomes partly blocked? Options: a) The VSI indication will be too low when descending b) The VSI indication will be too high when accelerating c) The VSI indication will be too low when climbing or descending

Correct Answer: [x) c) The VSI indication will be too low when climbing or descending]

Question Number Question: During taxiing, VSI shows –100’. Pilot should Options: a) Continue with flight if engineer is on board b) Taxi back and VSI should be repaired c) Continue with flight with new reference.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Continue with flight with new reference.]

Question Number Question: The correct action to be taken when the static vent blocks on an unpressurised aircraft is to? Options: a) Break the VSI glass. b) Use the standby static source. c) Calculate ROC using mathematically.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Use the standby static source.]

Question Number Question: A VSI? Options: a) Produces an output proportional to ambient pressure. b) Measures the difference between total pressure and static pressure. c) Measures the difference between the pressure inside and outside a capsule.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Measures the difference between the pressure inside and outside a capsule.]

Question Number Question: A VSI indicates increasing ROD by? Options: a) VSI needle moving downwards. b) VSI needle moving upwards. c) VSI needle stationary.

Correct Answer: [x) a) VSI needle moving downwards.]

Question Number Question: VSI lag is reduced by? Options: a) Two dashpots responding to acceleration. b) Two return springs. c) Bi-metallic strips.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Two dashpots responding to acceleration.]

Question: The basis properties of a gyroscope are: 1. The gyro’s weight 2. The rigidity in space 3. The inertia 4. The high RPM 5. The precession The combination of correct statements is: Options: a) 2, 5 b) 3, 4 c) 2, 3, 5

Correct Answer: [x) a) 2, 5]

Q2 Question: In the building principle of a gyroscope, the best efficiency is obtained through the concentration of the mass: Options: a) close to the axis and with a low rotation speed b) on the periphery and with a low rotation speed c) on the periphery and with a high rotation speed

Correct Answer: [x) c) on the periphery and with a high rotation speed] ⸻

Q3 Question: Rigidity in a gyroscope is: Options: a) the reaction 90° in the direction of rotation when applying force to the spinning wheel. b) a way to express the stability of the inner and outer gimbal rings. c) the tendency it has to remain in its plane of rotation and resist attempts to alter its position. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) the tendency it has to remain in its plane of rotation and resist attempts to alter its position.]

Q4 Question: Sources of power for Gyroscopic operations in an aircraft are: Options: a) Vacuum, gravity and rigidity. b) Vacuum, pressure and electrical. c) Rigidity, rotor speed and movement of inertia. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Vacuum, pressure and electrical.]

Q5 Question: The number of degrees of freedom of a gyro is? Options: a) One more than the number of gimbals. b) The same as the number of gimbals. c) One less than the number of gimbals. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) The same as the number of gimbals.]

Q6 Question: A directional gyro requires? Options: a) One gimbal, one degree of freedom and a horizontal spin axis. b) Two gimbals, two degrees of freedom and a horizontal spin axis. c) Three gimbals, three degrees of freedom and a lateral spin axis. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Two gimbals, two degrees of freedom and a horizontal spin axis.]

Q7 Question: What type of gyro has a horizontal spin axis and one degree of freedom? Options: a) Rate gyro. b) Displacement gyro. c) Rate integrating gyro.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Rate gyro.]

Q9 Question: Gyro rigidity improves with? Options: a) Increasing RPM, mass and radial displacement of mass. b) Increasing RPM and mass but decreasing radial displacement of mass. c) Decreasing RPM but increasing mass and radial displacement of mass. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Increasing RPM, mass and radial displacement of mass.]

Q10 Question: Apparent wander in the horizontal plane caused by the earth’s rotation varies Options: a) as sine latitude b) as cosine latitude c) in direct proportion to the angular velocity of the rotor. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) as cosine latitude]

Q8 Question: The properties of a gyro are: 1. Mass 2. Rigidity in space 3. Inertia 4. Precession 5. Rigidity with reference to the earth Options: a) 1, 2, 3, 4 b) 1, 3, 4, 5 c) 1, 2, 3, 5

Correct Answer: [x) a) 1, 2, 3, 4]

Q11 Question: A/H indications are reliable in Options: a) ±85° pitch, ±90° roll b) ±55° pitch, ±85° roll c) ±85° pitch, ±180° roll ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) ±85° pitch, ±180° roll

Q12 Question: During take off roll an a/c fitted with vacuum driven A/H will show: Options: a) Climb and bank to right b) Only climb and no bank as a/c is on ground c) Will read correct as a/c on ground ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Climb and bank to right]

Q13 Question: An a/c rolls out after 180° steep turn to the right with reference to natural horizon. A/H will show Options: a) Climb and slight bank to the right b) Level and bank to the left c) Climb and slight bank to the left ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Climb and slight bank to the left]

Q14 Question: An a/c rolls out after 180° steep turn to the left with reference to natural horizon. A/H will show Options: a) Climb and slight turn to the right b) Level and bank to the left c) Climb and slight bank to the left ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Climb and slight turn to the right]

Q15 Question: Among the flight control instruments, the artificial horizon plays an essential part. It uses a gyroscope with: (Note: in this question, the degrees of freedom of a gyro are determined by the number of gimbal rings it comprises) Options: a) one degree of freedom, whose vertical axis oriented in the direction of the real vertical to the location is maintained in this direction by an automatic erecting system b) two degrees of freedom, whose horizontal axis corresponding to a reference direction is maintained in a horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system c) two degrees of freedom, whose axis is oriented and continuously maintained to local vertical by an automatic erecting system

Correct Answer: [x) c) two degrees of freedom, whose axis is oriented and continuously maintained to local vertical by an automatic erecting system]

Q16 Question: When an aircraft has turned 90 degrees with a constant attitude and bank, the pilot observes the following on a classic artificial horizon: Options: a) too much nose-up and bank too high b) too much nose-up and bank too low c) too much nose-up and bank correct ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) too much nose-up and bank too low]

Q17 Question: Following 180° stabilized turn with a constant attitude and bank, the artificial horizon indicates: Options: a) too high pitch up and low banking b) attitude and banking correct c) too low pitch down and correct banking ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) too high pitch up and low banking]

Q18 Question: When an aircraft has turned 360 degrees with a constant attitude and bank, the pilot observes the following on a classic artificial horizon: Options: a) too much nose-up and bank correct b) attitude and bank correct c) too much nose-up and bank too high ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) attitude and bank correct]

Q19 Question: Classic artificial horizon indications turning through 180° at constant AOB? Options: a) Nose up and AOB too low b) Nose up and AOB too high c) Nose up and correct AOB ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Nose up and AOB too low]

Q20 Question: During an acceleration phase at constant attitude, the resetting principle of the artificial horizon results in the horizon bar indicating a: Options: a) nose-down followed by a nose-up attitude b) constant attitude c) nose-up attitude ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) nose-up attitude]

Q21 Question: When an aircraft has turned 270 degrees with a constant attitude and bank, the pilot observes the following on a classic artificial horizon: Options: a) attitude and bank correct b) too much nose-up and bank correct c) too much nose-up and bank too high ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) too much nose-up and bank too high]

Q22 Question: How many degrees of freedom and what is the spin axis of an attitude indicator? Options: a) Local earth vertical – two degrees of freedom b) Aircraft lateral axis – two degrees of freedom c) Aircraft horizontal axis – one degree of freedom ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Local earth vertical – two degrees of freedom

Q23 Question: What would be the indication on an attitude indicator in a right turn? Options: a) Climb due to pendulous vanes b) No climb c) Descent due to pendulous vanes

Correct Answer: [x) a) Climb due to pendulous vanes]

Q24 Question: What will a classic artificial horizon indicate when turning through 90 degrees at constant attitude and bank angle? Options: a) Correct bank angle and attitude. b) Too much bank and too much nose up attitude. c) Too little bank and too much nose up attitude. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Too little bank and too much nose up attitude]

Q25 Question: How will a basic AI respond if an aircraft performs a 270 degree turn at constant bank angle and ROT? Options: a) Nose up and bank. b) Nose down and bank. c) Nose level and bank.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Nose up and bank]

Q26 Question: What are the errors in a DGI? Options: 1. Transport wander. 2. Earth rate. 3. Heading errors when banking and pitching. 4. Mechanical imperfections. a) 1, 2, 3. b) 1, 2, 4. c) All of the above. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) All of the above]

Q27 Question: What is the function of the latitude nut on a DI? Options: a) To correct Coriolis effect. b) To compensate for earth rate error. c) To compensate for latitude error. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) To compensate for earth rate error]

Q28 Question: What error is introduced into a DGI due to movement of the gyro relative to the earth? Options: a) Transport wander. b) Earth rate error. c) Altitude error. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Transport wander]

Q29 Question: The maximum directional gyro error to the earth rotation is: Options: a) 20°/hour b) 15°/hour c) 4°/hour ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) 15°/hour]

Q30 Question: A directional gyro is: 1. a gyroscope free around two axes 2. a gyroscope free around one axis 3. capable of self-orientation around an earth-tied direction 4. incapable of self-orientation around an earth-tied direction The combination of correct statements is: a) 2, 3 b) 2, 4 c) 1, 4

Correct Answer: [x) c) 1, 4

Q31 Question: An airborne instrument, equipped with a gyro with 2 degrees of freedom and a horizontal spin axis is: Options: a) a flux gate compass b) a directional gyro c) a turn indicator ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) a directional gyro]

Q32 Question: The heading read on the dial of a directional gyro is subject to errors, one of which is due to the movement of the aircraft. This error… Options: a) shows itself by an apparent rotation of the horizontal axis of the gyroscope which seems to turn at 15° per hour to the right in the northern hemisphere b) is dependent on the ground speed of the aircraft, its true track and the average latitude of the flight c) is at its greatest value when the aircraft follows a meridian track

Correct Answer: [x) b) is dependent on the ground speed of the aircraft, its true track and the average latitude of the flight

Q33 Question: The gimbal error of the directional gyro is due to the effect of: Options: a) an apparent weight and an apparent vertical b) too slow precession on the horizontal gimbal ring c) a bank or pitch attitude of the aircraft ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) a bank or pitch attitude of the aircraft]

Q34 Question: The characteristics of the directional gyro (DG) used in a gyro stabilized compass system are: Options: a) two degrees of freedom, whose axis aligned with the vertical to the location is maintained in this direction by an erecting system b) two degrees of freedom, whose horizontal axis corresponding to the reference direction is maintained in the horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system c) one degree of freedom, whose vertical axis, aligned with the real vertical to the location is maintained in this direction by an automatic erecting system ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) two degrees of freedom, whose horizontal axis corresponding to the reference direction is maintained in the horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system]

Q35 Question: The indication of the directional gyro as an on-board instrument are valid only for a short period of time. The causes of this inaccuracy are: 1. the earth’s rotation 2. the longitudinal acceleration 3. the aircraft’s motion over the surface of the earth 4. the mechanical defects of the gyro 5. the gyro’s weight 6. the gimbal mount of the gyro rings The combination of correct statements is: a) 1, 3, 4 b) 1, 3, 4, 6 c) 2, 5, 6 ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) 1, 3, 4, 6]

Q36 Question: The indications on a directional gyroscope or gyrocompass are subject to errors, due to: 1. rotation of Earth 2. aeroplane motion on Earth 3. lateral and transversal aeroplane bank angles 4. north change 5. mechanical defects The combination of correct statements is: a) 2, 3, 5 b) 3, 4, 5 c) 1, 2, 3, 5

Correct Answer: [x) c) 1, 2, 3, 5]

Q41 Question: To maintain same rate of turn, if CAS is increased, bank should be Options: a) Increased b) Decreased c) Same ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Increased]

Q42 Question: In comparison to low level, to maintain same rate of turn, RAS at higher level is to be– Options: a) Increased b) Decreased c) Same ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decreased]

Q43 Question: In comparison to low level at higher level, if RAS is kept constant to maintain same rate, Bank is to be Options: a) Increased b) Decreased c) Same

Correct Answer: [x) a) Increased]

Q44 Question: The ball in a serviceable slip indicator is ________ by ________ and ________ indicate the state of slip. Options: a) Held central, gravity, does not always b) Positioned, Acceleration, does not always c) Held central, gravity, always ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Positioned, Acceleration, does not always]

Q45 Question: Increasing altitude at constant TAS will ________ the angle of Bank required to achieve a rate 1 turn. Options: a) Increase b) Decrease c) Not affect

Correct Answer: [x) c) Not affect

Q46 Question: Following a left engine failure the pilot of a multi engine a/c uses rudder to oppose yaw and keeps the a/c on hdg while using bank to prevent side slip. The TSI will show: Options: a) both needle and ball central b) Both needle and ball to the right c) Needle central and ball to the right ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Needle central and ball to the right]

Q47 Question: The rate turn indicator uses a gyroscope: 1. with one degree of freedom 2. with two degrees of freedom 3. the frame of which is supported by two return springs 4. the spinning wheel axis of which is parallel to the pitch axis 5. the spinning wheel axis of which is parallel to the yawing axis 6. the spinning wheel axis of which is horizontal Options: a) 2, 5 b) 1, 6 c) 1, 3

Correct Answer: [x) c) 1, 3

Q48 Question: In a Turn-indicator, the measurement of a rate-of-turn consists of: Options: a) high bank angles, in measuring the yaw rate b) high bank angles, in measuring the roll rate c) low bank angles, in measuring the yaw rate ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) low bank angles, in measuring the yaw rate]

Q49 Question: In a turn at constant rate, the turn indicator reading is: Options: a) independent to the aircraft true airspeed b) inversely proportional to the aircraft true airspeed c) proportional to the aircraft true airspeed ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) inversely proportional to the aircraft true airspeed]

Q50 Question: An airborne instrument, equipped with a gyro with 1 degree of freedom and a horizontal spin axis is a: Options: a) fluxgate compass b) directional gyro c) turn indicator ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) turn indicator]

Q51 Question: A turn indicator is an instrument which indicates rate of turn. Rate of turn depends on: 1. bank angle 2. aero plane speed 3. aero plane weight Options: a) 1, 3 b) 1, 2 c) 2, 3 ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) 1, 2]

Q52 Question: When, in flight, the needle of a needle-and-ball indicator is on the left and the ball on the right, the aircraft is: Options: a) turning right with not enough bank b) turning left with too much bank c) turning left with not enough bank ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) turning left with not enough bank]

Q53 Question: When, in flight, the needle of a needle-and-ball indicator is on the right and the ball on the left, the aircraft is: Options: a) turning left with too much bank b) turning right with not enough bank c) turning left with not enough bank ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) turning right with not enough bank]

Q54 Question: When, in flight, the needle and ball of a needle-and-ball indicator are on the right, the aircraft is: Options: a) turning left with not enough bank b) turning left with too much bank c) turning right with too much bank

Correct Answer: [x) c) turning right with too much bank]

Q55 Question: When, in flight, the needle and ball of a needle-and-ball indicator are on the left, the aircraft is: Options: a) turning right with not enough bank b) turning right with too much bank c) turning left with too much bank ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) turning left with too much bank]

Q56 Question: On the ground, during a left turn, the turn indicator indicates: Options: a) needle to the left, ball to the right b) needle in the middle, ball to the right c) needle to the left, ball to the left ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) needle to the left, ball to the right]

Q57 Question: On the ground, during a right turn, the turn indicator indicates: Options: a) needle to the right, ball to the right b) needle to the right, ball to the left c) needle in the middle, ball to the right ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) needle to the right, ball to the left]

Q58 Question: Under normal operating conditions, when an aircraft is in a banked turn, the rate-of-turn indicator is a valuable gyroscopic flight control instrument; when it is associated with an attitude indicator it indicates: 1. the angular velocity of the aircraft about the yaw axis 2. the bank of the aircraft 3. the direction of the aircraft turn 4. the angular velocity of the aircraft about the real vertical Options: a) 1, 2 b) 3, 4 c) 1, 3 ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) 1, 3]

Q59 Question: A turn indicator is built around a gyroscope with: Options: a) 1 degree of freedom b) 0 degree of freedom c) 3 degrees of freedom ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) 1 degree of freedom]

Q60 Question: The rate-of-turn is the: Options: a) pitch rate in a turn b) change-of-heading rate of the aircraft c) aircraft speed in a turn ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) change-of-heading rate of the aircraft]

Q61 Question: A turn indicator used in conjunction with an attitude indicator will show? Options: 1. Turn direction 2. Rate of turn 3. Angular velocity about the true vertical axis 4. Angular velocity about the longitudinal axis Options: a) 1, 2 b) 1, 3 c) 1, 2, 4 ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) 1, 2, 4]

Q62 Question: ROT indications are? Options: a) Proportional to TAS. b) Proportional to CAS. c) Proportional to mass. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Proportional to TAS.]

Q63 Question: When both the needle and ball of a turn and slip indicator are displaced to the right the aircraft is: Options: a) Turning right with too much TAS. b) Turning right with insufficient TAS. c) Turning left with too much TAS. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Turning right with insufficient TAS.]

Q64 Question: What will be the immediate turn and slip indications when a left engine fails in climbing flight? Options: a) Needle and ball left. b) Needle and ball right. c) Needle left and ball right. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Needle left and ball right.]

Q65 Question: When turning at constant bank angle the rate of turn is? Options: a) Determined by weight and TAS. b) Determined by weight. c) Determined by TAS. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Determined by TAS.]

Q66 Question: A turn indicator used in conjunction with an attitude indicator can show? 1. TAS in a turn 2. Direction of turn 3. Angular velocity about the vertical axis of the aircraft 4. Angular velocity about the true vertical axis Options: a) 1, 2 b) 1, 3 c) 2, 3

Correct Answer: [x) c) 2, 3]

Q67 Question: What factors affect the turn indicator? Options: 1. AoA 2. AOB 3. TAS 4. Weight a) 1, 2 b) 1, 3 c) 2, 3 ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) 2, 3]

Q68 Question: What are the essential properties of a turn indicator? Options: 1. Two degrees of freedom 2. One degree of freedom 3. Horizontal spin axis 4. Vertical spin axis 5. Longitudinal spin axis a) 1, 2 b) 2, 3 c) 3, 4 ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) 2, 3]

Q69 Question: On a TSI what does it indicate when the turn needle is out to the left and the ball out to the right? Options: a) Right turn with too much bank b) Left turn with too little bank c) Left turn with too much bank

Correct Answer: [x) b) Left turn with too little bank] ⸻

Q70 Question: What should a turn and slip indicator show in a right turn on the ground? Options: a) Needle left and ball left b) Needle left and ball right c) Needle right and ball left ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Needle right and ball left]

Q71 Question: If the turn and slip indicator shows needle left and ball left in a banked turn, the aircraft is……..and the required corrective action is………? Options: a) Skidding – push left pedal forward b) Skidding – push right pedal forward c) Slipping – push left pedal forward

Correct Answer: [x) c) Slipping – push left pedal forward

Q72 Question: If the turn and slip indicator shows needle left and ball right in a banked turn, the aircraft is………and the required corrective action is………? Options: a) Skidding – push left pedal forward b) Skidding – push right pedal forward c) Slipping – push left pedal forward

Correct Answer: [x) b) Skidding – push right pedal forward

Q73 Question: What corrective action is required if the ball is out to the right in a left turn? Options: a) More right rudder b) More left rudder c) More left bank ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) More left bank]

Q74 Question: If both the ball and needle are out to the left in a turn, the ball can be centralized by? Options: a) Pushing the right rudder bar forward b) Increasing TAS c) Decreasing TAS ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Increasing TAS]

Q77 Question: The gyro in a turn indicator must have……gimbal…….and…….degrees of freedom? Options: a) One one b) Two one c) Two two ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) One one]

Q78 Question: If the turn indicator needle is out to the right and the ball is out to the left, it indicates? Options: a) A left turn with too much bank b) A left turn with too little bank c) A right turn with too little bank ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) A right turn with too little bank]

Q80 Question: If the mass of the aircraft was decreased from 60000 Kg to 45000 Kg? Options: a) It would increase the required AOB b) It would decrease the required AOB c) It would not affect the required AOB, but less power would be required

Correct Answer: [x) c) It would not affect the required AOB, but less power would be required]

AIRSPEEDS 1 An aeroplane is cruising at FL60 with TAS of 100 knots in standard atmosphere. In these conditions: 1. The TAS is approximately 10% higher than the IAS. 2. The difference between EAS and CAS is negligible. 3. The speed displayed on the airspeed indicator is a CAS if position error and instrument error are zero. The combination that regroups all of the correct statements is: a) 1, 2 b) 2, 3 c) 1, 2, 3 d) 1, 3 ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) 1, 2, 3]

AIRSPEEDS 2 Maintaining CAS and flight level constant, a fall in ambient temperature results in: a) Lower TAS because air density decreases. b) Higher TAS because air density decreases. c) Higher TAS because air density increases. d) Lower TAS because air density increases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) Lower TAS because air density increases]

AIRSPEEDS 3 The TAS is equal to the EAS only if: a) P = 1013.25 hPa and OAT = 15 degrees Celsius. b) P = 1013.25 hPa, OAT = 15 degrees Celsius, and TAS > 200 knots. c) P = 1013.25 hPa, OAT = 15 degrees Celsius, and TAS < 20 knots. d) P = 1013.25 hPa and OAT = 273 degrees Kelvin.

Correct Answer: [x) a) P = 1013.25 hPa and OAT = 15 degrees Celsius]

AIRSPEEDS 4 Question: The EAS is obtained from the CAS by correcting for: Options: a) Instrument error. b) Compressibility error. c) Density error. d) Position error. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Compressibility error]

AIRSPEEDS 5 Question: When climbing at a constant CAS in standard atmosphere: Options: a) TAS decreases. b) TAS remains constant. c) TAS increases. d) TAS first decreases, then remains constant above the tropopause. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) TAS increases]

AIRSPEEDS 6 Question: The compressibility error must be taken into account only for aeroplanes with: Options: a) Mach number equal to or greater than 1. b) TAS greater than approximately 100 knots. c) TAS greater than approximately 200 knots. d) Mach number greater than 0.8. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) TAS greater than approximately 200 knots]

AIRSPEEDS 7 Question: During a climb at a constant CAS below the tropopause in the standard atmosphere: Options: a) The Mach number and the speed of sound decrease. b) The Mach number decreases and the speed of sound increases. c) The Mach number increases and the speed of sound decreases. d) The Mach number and the speed of sound increase.

Correct Answer: [x) c) The Mach number increases and the speed of sound decreases] ⸻

AIRSPEEDS 8 Question: During a descent at constant CAS below the tropopause in standard atmosphere: Options: a) Mach number and TAS decrease. b) Mach number and TAS increase. c) Mach number decreases and TAS increases. d) Mach number increases and TAS decreases.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Mach number and TAS decrease]

AIRSPEEDS 10 Question: Considering the maximum operational Mach number (MMO) and the maximum operational speed (VMO), the captain of a pressurized aircraft begins his descent from a high flight level. In order to meet his scheduled time of arrival, he decides to use the maximum ground speed at any time of the descent. He will be limited? Options: a) By the MMO. b) By the VMO in still air. c) Initially by the MMO, then by the VMO below a certain flight level. d) Initially by the VMO, then by the MMO below a certain flight level. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Initially by the MMO, then by the VMO below a certain flight level]

AIRSPEEDS 11 Question: In a standard atmosphere and at the sea level, the calibrated airspeed (CAS) is? Options: a) Lower than the true airspeed (TAS). b) Equal to the true airspeed (TAS). c) Independent of the true airspeed (TAS). d) Higher than the true airspeed (TAS). ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Equal to the true airspeed (TAS)]

AIRSPEEDS 12 Question: With a constant weight, irrespective of the airfield altitude, an aircraft always takes off at the same? Options: a) Calibrated airspeed. b) Ground speed. c) True airspeed. d) Equivalent airspeed. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Calibrated airspeed]

AIRSPEEDS 13 Question: The calibrated airspeed (CAS) is obtained by applying to the indicated airspeed (IAS)? Options: a) A compressibility and density correction. b) An instrument and position/pressure error correction. c) An antenna and compressibility correction. d) An instrument and density correction.

Correct Answer: [x) b) An instrument and position/pressure error correction]

AIRSPEEDS 9 The CAS is obtained from the IAS by correcting for the following errors: 1. Position. 2. Compressibility. 3. Instrument. 4. Density. The combination that regroups all of the correct statements is: a) 1, 3 b) 3 c) 1, 3, 4 d) 2, 3, 4

Correct Answer: [x) a) 1, 3

AIRSPEEDS 14 The velocity maximum operating (VMO) is a speed expressed in: a) True airspeed (TAS). b) Computed airspeed (COAS). c) Calibrated airspeed (CAS). d) Equivalent airspeed (EAS).

Correct Answer: [x) c) Calibrated airspeed (CAS)]

AIRSPEEDS 15 The limits of the white scale of an airspeed indicator are: a) VSI for the lower limit and VFE for the upper limit. b) VSO for the lower limit and VLE for the upper limit. c) VSI for the lower limit and VLE for the upper limit. d) VSO for the lower limit and VFE for the upper limit. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) VSO for the lower limit and VFE for the upper limit]

AIRSPEEDS 16 The limits of the green scale of an airspeed indicator are: a) VSI for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit. b) VSI for the lower limit and VLO for the upper limit. c) VSI for the lower limit and VNO for the upper limit. d) VSO for the lower limit and VNO for the upper limit. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) VSI for the lower limit and VNO for the upper limit]

AIRSPEEDS 17 The limits of the yellow scale of an airspeed indicator are: a) VLO for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit. b) VLE for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit. c) VFE for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit. d) VNO for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) VNO for the lower limit and VNE for the upper limit]

AIRSPEEDS 18 During a straight and uniform climb, the pilot maintains a constant calibrated airspeed (CAS)? a) The Mach number increases and the true airspeed (TAS) increases. b) The Mach number increases and the true airspeed (TAS) is constant. c) The Mach number is constant and the true airspeed (TAS) is constant. d) The Mach number is constant and the true airspeed (TAS) decreases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) The Mach number increases and the true airspeed (TAS) increases]

AIRSPEEDS 19 VLE is the maximum? a) Speed authorized in flight. b) Flight speed with landing gear down. c) Speed at which the landing gear can be operated with full safety. d) Speed with flaps extended in a given position. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Flight speed with landing gear down]

AIRSPEEDS 20 VLO is the maximum? a) Speed at which the landing gear can be operated with full safety. b) Flight speed with landing gear down. c) Speed with flaps extended in a given position. d) Cruising speed not to be exceeded except in still air with caution. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Speed at which the landing gear can be operated with full safety]

AIRSPEEDS 21 VNE is the maximum speed? a) At which the flight controls can be fully deflected. b) With flaps extended in landing position. c) Which must never be exceeded. d) Not to be exceeded except in still air and with caution.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Which must never be exceeded]

AIRSPEEDS 22 VNO is the maximum speed? a) Which must never be exceeded. b) At which the flight controls can be fully deflected. c) With flaps extended in landing position. d) Not to be exceeded except in still air and with caution. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) Not to be exceeded except in still air and with caution]

AIRSPEEDS 23 For a constant Calibrated Airspeed (CAS) and a level flight, a fall in ambient temperature will result in a? a) Lower True Airspeed (TAS) due to a decrease in air density. b) Lower True Airspeed (TAS) due to an increase in air density. c) Higher True Airspeed (TAS) due to a decrease in air density. d) Higher True Airspeed (TAS) due to an increase in air density. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Lower True Airspeed (TAS) due to an increase in air density.

AIRSPEEDS 24 When climbing at a constant Mach number below the tropopause, in ISA conditions, the Calibrated Airspeed (CAS) will? a) Decrease. b) Increase at a linear rate. c) Remain constant. d) Increase at an exponential rate.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Decrease]

AIRSPEEDS 26 When descending through an isothermal layer at a constant Calibrated Airspeed (CAS), the True Airspeed (TAS) will? a) Decrease. b) Increase at a linear rate. c) Remain constant. d) Increase at an exponential rate.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Decrease.

AIRSPEEDS 27 In a steady climb with the auto-throttle maintaining a constant calibrated airspeed. If the total temperature remains constant, the Mach number? a) Decreases. b) Remains constant. c) Decreases if the static temperature is lower than the standard temperature. d) Increases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) Increases]

AIRSPEEDS 28 The airspeed indicator of a twin-engined aircraft comprises different sectors and color marks. The blue line corresponds to the? a) Maximum speed in operations, or VMO. b) Optimum climbing speed with one engine inoperative, or Vy. c) Speed not to be exceeded, or VNE. d) Minimum control speed, or VMC. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Optimum climbing speed with one engine inoperative, or Vy]

AIRSPEEDS 29 The airspeed indicator of an aircraft is provided with a moving red and white hatched pointer. This pointer indicates the? a) Speed indicated on the auto-throttle control box, versus temperature. b) Speed indicated on the auto-throttle control box versus altitude. c) Maximum speed in VMO operation versus altitude. d) Maximum speed in VMO operation, versus temperature.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Maximum speed in VMO operation versus altitude.

AIRSPEEDS 30 VFE is the maximum speed? a) At which the flaps can be operated. b) With the flaps extended in take-off position. c) With the flaps extended in a given position. d) With the flaps extended in landing position. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) With the flaps extended in a given position]

AIRSPEEDS 32 An aeroplane is in steady descent below the tropopause in the ISA. The auto-throttle maintains a constant calibrated airspeed. If the total temperature remains constant, the Mach number? a) Increases if the static temperature is lower than the standard temperature, decreases if higher. b) Decreases. c) Increases. d) Remains constant. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decreases]

AIRSPEEDS 31 An airplane is in steady descent. The auto-throttle maintains a constant Mach number. If the total temperature remains constant, the calibrated airspeed? a) Remains constant. b) Decreases if the static temperature is lower than the standard temperature, increases if above. c) Increases. d) Decreases. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Increases]

AIRSPEEDS 33 An aeroplane is in a steady climb. The auto-throttle maintains a constant Mach number. If the total temperature remains constant, the calibrated airspeed? a) Decreases if the static temperature is lower than the standard temperature, increases if higher. b) Decreases. c) Increases. d) Remains constant.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decreases]

MACH 1 If OAT increases whilst maintaining constant CAS and flight level: a) TAS decreases. b) TAS remains constant. c) Mach number remains constant. d) Mach number decreases.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Mach number remains constant]

MACH 2 If OAT decreases while maintaining constant CAS and flight level: a) Mach number increases. b) TAS increases. c) Mach number remains constant. d) TAS remains constant.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Mach number remains constant.

MACH 3 The Mach meter is subject to position error. This error varies according to: 1. Angle of attack. 2. OAT. 3. TAS. The combination regrouping all of the correct options is: a) 1, 3 b) 3 c) 1 d) 1, 2, 3 ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) 1, 3]

MACH 4 The Mach meter is subject to position error. This error results from: a) Incorrect pressure sensing caused by disturbance of airflow around the pitot tube or the static ports. b) Imperfect elasticity of the aneroid capsule. c) Incorrect altimeter setting. d) Non standard atmospheric conditions. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Incorrect pressure sensing caused by disturbance of airflow around the pitot tube or the static ports.]

MACH 5 The Mach meter is subject to position errors. The value of this error varies according to: a) OAT only. b) TAS and OAT. c) TAS only. d) TAS and angle of attack.

Correct Answer: [x) d) TAS and angle of attack]

MACH 8 The Mach meter is subject to position errors. This error concerns: a) Alternate static sources only. b) Static ports only. c) Pitot tubes only. d) Pitot tubes and static ports. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) Pitot tubes and static ports]

MACH 9 How will mach meter indication respond if an aircraft is flying at constant CAS at FL270 when it experiences a reduction in OAT? a) No change. b) Increase. c) Decrease. d) Increase or decrease depending on TAT.

Correct Answer: [x) a) No change.

MACH 11 Which of the following best defines Mach number? a) The ratio of TAS:LSS. b) The ratio of LSS:TAS. c) The ratio of CAS:LSS. d) The ratio of ambient density to that at MSL in the ISA. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) The ratio of TAS:LSS]

MACH 12 A mach meter comprises of? a) A combination of VSI and altimeter. b) A combination of ASI and altimeter. c) An ASI with its scale marked in mach numbers. d) An altimeter with its scale marked in mach numbers. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) A combination of ASI and altimeter]

MACH 14 How will mach meter indication vary in a constant CAS climb? a) Increase. b) Decrease. c) Increase then remain constant. d) Remain constant. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Increase]

MACH 16 Mach meter indications? a) Vary only with airspeed. b) Vary only with temperature. c) Vary with density and altitude. d) Vary with airspeed and temperature.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Vary only with airspeed.

MACH 17 How will mach meter indication respond if an aircraft passes through a cold front when flying at constant CAS and altitude? a) Increase. b) Decrease. c) Remain constant. d) Increase or decrease depending on altitude. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Remain constant]

MACH 18 How will the mach meter respond in a constant CAS climb if the static source becomes blocked? a) Increase. b) Decrease. c) Remain constant. d) Increase or decrease depending on airspeed. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decrease]

MACH 19 How will the mach meter respond in a constant TAS climb if the static source becomes blocked? a) Increase. b) Decrease. c) Remain constant. d) Increase or decrease depending on airspeed. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decrease]

MACH 20 How will the mach meter respond in a constant Mach number climb if the static source becomes blocked? a) Increase. b) Decrease. c) Remain constant. d) Increase or decrease depending on airspeed.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decrease]

MACH 21 The indications on a mach meter are independent of? a) Dynamic pressure. b) Ambient temperature. c) Static pressure. d) Total pressure.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Ambient temperature.

MACH 22 What happens to mach meter indication in a constant RAS climb? a) Increases. b) Decreases. c) Increases then remains constant. d) Increases unless in an inversion or isothermal layer.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Increases.

MACH 23 What would happen if the static pipe became detached from the back of a mach meter in a pressurised aircraft at high altitude? a) Under read. b) Over read. c) No effect. d) Under read or over read depending on temperature. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Under read]

MACH 24 If an aircraft climbs at constant TAS from FL200 to FL400 the mach meter indication will? a) Increase. b) Decrease. c) Increase then remain constant. d) Decrease then remain constant. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Increase then remain constant]

MACH 25 A mach meter is made up of? a) An altimeter with a density capsule. b) An ASI with an altitude capsule. c) A VSI with a modified scale. d) An ASI with a modified scale. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) An ASI with an altitude capsule]

MACH 26 VMO is calculated based on? a) TAS. b) RAS. c) CAS. d) EAS.

Correct Answer: [x) d) EAS.

MACH 27 Mach number is the ratio of? a) IAS:TAS. b) CAS:LSS. c) TAS:LSS. d) RAS:TAS. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) TAS:LSS]

MACH 28 If the static source becomes blocked the mach meter will …… as an aircraft climbs? a) Over indicate. b) Under indicate. c) Not indicate. d) Freeze.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Under indicate]

MACH 30 Mach meter indications? a) Are temperature related. b) Increase with temperature. c) Decrease with temperature. d) Are independent of temperature.

Correct Answer: [x) d) Are independent of temperature]

MACH 35 A mach meter indicates mach number based on the ratio of? a) Static pressure to pitot pressure. b) Pitot pressure to static pressure. c) Dynamic pressure to static pressure. d) Static pressure to dynamic pressure. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Dynamic pressure to static pressure]

MACH 36 How will CAS respond if temperature increases by 5 degrees C when flying at a constant indicated mach number at FL290? a) Increases. b) Decreases. c) Remains approximately constant. d) Depends on conditions relative to ISA.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Remains approximately constant.

MACH 37 What happens to TAT when an aircraft descends at constant indicated mach number? a) Increases. b) Decreases. C) remain constant D) remain constant, then increases

Correct Answer: [x) D) remain constant, then increases

MACH 38 What is actually measured by a mach meter? a) Pitot pressure. b) The ratio of (pitot pressure – static pressure) : static pressure. c) The ratio of static pressure to dynamic pressure. d) The ratio of (static pressure + pitot pressure) : pitot pressure. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) The ratio of (pitot pressure – static pressure) : static pressure]

MACH 39 When descending at constant CAS, the TAT and mach meter indications should? a) Increase / increase. b) Increase / decrease. c) Increase then remain constant / decrease. d) Remain constant / remain constant. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Increase / decrease]

MACH 40 Mach meter indications are derived from? a) (PT – PS) / PT b) (PS – PT) / PS c) (PT – PS) / PS d) (PS – PT) / PT ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) (PT – PS) / PS]

MACH 41 If temperature increases by 5 degrees C during a constant mach number descent, what will happen to CAS? a) Increase by 5 Kts. b) Increase by 10 Kts. c) Remain constant. d) Increase or decrease depending on whether conditions are above or below ISA. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Increase by 5 Kts]

MACH 42 A mach meter compares? a) (PT – PS) to PT b) (PS – PT) to PS c) (PT – PS) to PS d) (PS – PT) to PT

Correct Answer: [x) c) (PT – PS) to PS]

MACH 43 What does mach number represent? a) The CAS of an aircraft as a fraction of the local speed of sound. b) The local speed of sound as a fraction of the CAS of an aircraft. c) The TAS of an aircraft as a fraction of the local speed of sound. d) The local speed of sound as a fraction of the CAS of an aircraft. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) The TAS of an aircraft as a fraction of the local speed of sound]

MACH 45 If ambient temperature increases by 10 degrees, for an aircraft flying at constant TAS, the indicated mach number will …….. and the true mach number will ……..? a) Increase / increase b) Decrease / decrease c) Not change / increase d) Not change / decrease ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decrease / decrease]

MACH 46 When climbing at constant mach number below the tropopause in the ISA, the CAS will? a) Increase. b) Decrease. c) Remain constant. d) Decrease then remain constant. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Decrease]

MACH 47 When descending at constant CAS, if temperature remains constant the indicated mach number will? a) Remain constant. b) Increase. c) Decrease. d) Increase exponentially.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Decrease.

GYRO 1 The spin axis of a turn indicator gyroscope is parallel to: a) Yaw axis. b) Longitudinal axis. c) Pitch axis. d) Roll axis. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Pitch axis]

GYRO 2 Concerning the directional gyro, the apparent drift rate due to the Earth’s rotation is a function of: a) Longitude. b) Latitude and longitude. c) Magnetic longitude. d) Latitude. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) Latitude]

GYRO 3 The building principle of a gyroscope, the best efficiency is obtained through the concentration of the mass? a) Close to the axis and with a low rotation speed. b) On the periphery and with a high rotation speed. c) Close to the axis and with a high rotation speed. d) On the periphery and with a low rotation speed.

Correct Answer: [x) b) On the periphery and with a high rotation speed]

GYRO 4 A Standby horizon or emergency attitude indicator? a) Only works if there is a complete electrical failure. b) Contains its own separate gyro. c) Is automatically connected to the primary vertical gyro if the alternator fails. d) Is fully independent of external energy resources in an emergency situation.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Contains its own separate gyro]

GYRO 5 The basis properties of a gyroscope are: 1. The gyro’s weight. 2. The rigidity in space. 3. The inertia. 4. The high RPM. 5. The precession. The combination of correct statements is: a) 3, 4 b) 2, 5 c) 2, 3, 5 d) 1, 3, 5

Correct Answer: [x) b) 2, 5

GYRO 6 The indications of the directional gyro when used as an on-board instrument are valid only for a short period of time. The causes of this inaccuracy are: 1. The earth’s rotation. 2. The longitudinal acceleration. 3. The aircraft’s motion over the surface of the earth. 4. The mechanical defects of the gyro. 5. The gyro’s weight. 6. The gimbal mount of the gyro rings. The combination of correct statements is: a) 1, 3, 4 b) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 c) 2, 5, 6 d) 1, 3, 4, 6

Correct Answer: [x) d) 1, 3, 4, 6]

GYRO 7 The characteristics of the directional gyro (DG) used in a gyro stabilised compass system are: a) One degree of freedom, whose vertical axis, aligned with the real vertical to the location is maintained in this direction by an automatic erecting system. b) Two degrees of freedom, whose horizontal axis corresponding to the reference direction is maintained in the horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system. c) Two degrees of freedom, whose axis aligned with the vertical to the location is maintained in this direction by an erecting system. d) One degree of freedom, whose horizontal axis is maintained in the horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Two degrees of freedom, whose horizontal axis corresponding to the reference direction is maintained in the horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system.]

GYRO 9 When an aircraft has turned 360 degrees with a constant attitude and bank, the pilot observes the following on a classic artificial horizon: a) Too much nose-up and bank correct b) Too much nose-up and bank too high c) Attitude and bank correct d) Too much nose-up and bank too low ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Attitude and bank correct]

GYRO 10 When an aircraft has turned 270 degrees with a constant attitude and bank, the pilot observes the following on a classic artificial horizon: a) Too much nose-up and bank too high b) Too much nose-up and bank too low c) Attitude and bank correct d) Too much nose-down and bank correct ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) Too much nose-up and bank too high]

GYRO 11 Note: in this question, the degrees of freedom of a gyro are determined by the number of gimbal rings it comprises. Among the flight control instruments, the artificial horizon plays an essential part. It uses a gyroscope with: a) Two degrees of freedom, whose axis is oriented and continuously maintained to local vertical by an automatic erecting system. b) Two degrees of freedom, whose horizontal axis corresponding to a reference direction is maintained in a horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system. c) One degree of freedom, whose horizontal axis is maintained in the horizontal plane by an automatic erecting system. d) One degree of freedom, whose vertical axis oriented in the direction of the real vertical to the location is maintained in this direction by an automatic erecting system.

Correct Answer: [x) a) Two degrees of freedom, whose axis is oriented and continuously maintained to local vertical by an automatic erecting system.]

GYRO 15 The indications on a directional gyroscope or gyrocompass are subject to errors, due to: 1. Rotation of Earth. 2. Aeroplane motion on Earth. 3. Lateral and transversal aeroplane bank angles. 4. North change. 5. Mechanical defects. Choose the combination with true statements only: a) 2, 3, 5 b) 1, 2, 3, 5 c) 3, 4, 5 d) 1, 2, 4, 5 ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) 1, 2, 3, 5]

GYRO 16 At a low bank angle, the measurement of rate-of-turn actually consists in measuring the? a) Angular velocity of the aircraft. b) Yaw rate of the aircraft. c) Pitch rate of the aircraft. d) Roll rate of the aircraft. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Yaw rate of the aircraft]

GYRO 17 An airborne instrument, equipped with a gyro with 2 degrees of freedom and a horizontal spin axis is? a) An artificial horizon. b) A turn indicator. c) A fluxgate compass. d) A directional gyro.

Correct Answer: [x) d) A directional gyro]

GYRO 18 When, in flight, the needle of a needle and ball indicator is on the left and the ball on the right, the aircraft is? Options: a) Turning left with too much bank. b) Turning right with not enough bank. c) Turning right with too much bank. d) Turning left with not enough bank.

Correct Answer: [x) d) Turning left with not enough bank]

GYRO 19 When, in flight, the needle of a needle and ball indicator is on the right and the ball on the left, the aircraft is? a) Turning left with too much bank. b) Turning right with not enough bank. c) Turning right with too much bank. d) Turning left with not enough bank. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Turning right with not enough bank]

GYRO 20 When, in flight, the needle and ball of a needle and ball indicator are on the right, the aircraft is? a) Turning left with too much bank. b) Turning left with not enough bank. c) Turning right with too much bank. d) Turning right with not enough bank.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Turning right with too much bank.

GYRO 21 When, in flight, the needle and ball of a needle and ball indicator are on the left, the aircraft is? a) Turning right with too much bank. b) Turning right with not enough bank. c) Turning left with too much bank. d) Turning left with not enough bank. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Turning left with too much bank]

GYRO 22 On the ground, during a left turn, the turn indicator indicates? a) Needle to the left, ball to the left. b) Needle in the middle, ball to the right. c) Needle in the middle, ball to the left. d) Needle to the left, ball to the right. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) Needle to the left, ball to the right]

GYRO 23 The rate-of-turn is the? a) Pitch rate in a turn. b) Change-of-heading rate of the aircraft. c) Yaw rate in a turn aircraft. d) Speed in a turn. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) b) Change-of-heading rate of the aircraft]

GYRO 24 In a Turn-indicator, the measurement of rate of turn consists for? a) High bank angles, in measuring the yaw rate. b) High bank angles, in measuring the roll rate. c) Low bank angles, in measuring the yaw rate. d) Low bank angles, in measuring the roll rate. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) Low bank angles, in measuring the yaw rate]

GYRO 25 In a turn at constant rate, the turn indicator reading is? a) Proportional to the aircraft true airspeed. b) Independent to the aircraft true airspeed. c) Proportional to the aircraft weight. d) Inversely proportional to the aircraft true airspeed. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) Inversely proportional to the aircraft true airspeed]

GYRO 26 An airborne instrument, equipped with a gyro with 2 degrees of freedom and a horizontal spin axis is? a) A directional gyro. b) An artificial horizon. c) A turn indicator. d) A flux gate compass. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) A directional gyro]

GYRO 27 An airborne instrument, equipped with a gyro with 1 degree of freedom and a horizontal spin axis is? a) Fluxgate compass. b) Directional gyro. c) Turn indicator. d) Gyro-magnetic compass.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Turn indicator]

GYRO 29 When an aircraft has turned 90 degrees with a constant attitude and bank, the pilot observes the following on a classic artificial horizon? Options: a) Too much nose-up and bank correct. b) Too much nose-up and bank too high. c) Too much nose-up and bank too low. d) Attitude and bank correct.

Correct Answer: [x) c) Too much nose-up and bank too low.

GYRO 30 On the ground, during a right turn, the turn indicator indicates: Options: a) Needle in the middle, ball to left. b) Needle to the right, ball to left. c) Needle to the right, ball to right. d) Needle in the middle, ball to right.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Needle to the right, ball to left.

GYRO 32 Following 180° stabilized turn with a constant attitude and bank, the artificial horizon indicates? Options: a) Too high pitch-up and too low banking. b) Too high pitch-up and correct banking. c) Attitude and banking correct. d) Too high pitch up and too high banking.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Too high pitch-up and correct banking]

GYRO 37 Under normal operating conditions, when an aircraft is in a banked turn, the rate-of-turn indicator is a valuable gyroscopic flight control instrument; when it is associated with an attitude indicator it indicates? 1. The angular velocity of the aircraft about the yaw axis. 2. The bank of the aircraft. 3. The direction of the aircraft turn. 4. The angular velocity of the aircraft about the real vertical. The combination of correct statements is: a) 3, 4 b) 2, 4 c) 1, 3 d) 1, 2

Correct Answer: [x) c) 1, 3]

GYRO 38 The gimbal error of the directional gyro is due to the effect of? a) A bank or pitch attitude of the aircraft. b) An apparent weight and an apparent vertical. c) Too slow precession on the horizontal gimbal ring. d) The aircraft’s track over the earth. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) a) A bank or pitch attitude of the aircraft]

GYRO 39 The pendulum type detector system of the directional gyro feeds? a) A torque motor on the sensitive axis. b) 2 torque motors arranged horizontally. c) A leveling erection torque motor. d) A nozzle integral with the outer gimbal ring. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) c) A leveling erection torque motor]

GYRO 40 The directional gyro axis spins about the local vertical by 15°/hour? a) In the latitude 30°. b) In the latitude 45°. c) On the equator. d) On the North pole. ⸻

Correct Answer: [x) d) On the North pole]

GYRO 41 Compared with a conventional gyro, a laser gyro? a) Consumes a lot of power. b) Has a longer life cycle. c) Is influenced by temperature. d) Has a fairly long starting cycle.

Correct Answer: [x) b) Has a longer life cycle]

Instruments Theory Questions Flashcards

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