INTEGUMENTARY Flashcards
(60 cards)
1
Q
- external covering of an animal
A
Integument
2
Q
-thick protein
A
pellicle
3
Q
Plasma membrane as external covering
A
Single-celled Protozoa
4
Q
- in most multicellular invertebrate, outer layer
A
Epidermis
5
Q
one- cell thick which secretes multilayered cuticle
A
Nematodes & Annelids
6
Q
- few cell layers thick
A
Hydra
7
Q
–waxy substance in epidermis of
rotifers, crustaceans,
arachnids, insects,
nematodes & annelids
A
cuticle
8
Q
- CaCO3 in cnidarians (eg. corals) & Echinoderms (starfish, sea urchins)
A
shell
9
Q
- in parasitic flatworms
A
Tegument
10
Q
for nutrient absorption & protection against digestion by host enzymes
A
Tegument
11
Q
- in echinoderms, ciliated epidermis & dermis containing CaCO3
A
Cilia
12
Q
most complex of invertebrates bec. Integument is a specialized exoskeleton (chitinous)
A
Arthropods
13
Q
- largest organ (with respect to surface area)
A
SKIN
14
Q
2 Main Layers:
A
Epidermis
Dermis
15
Q
outermost layer of epithelial tissue (squamous
A
Epidermis
16
Q
thicker layer of connective tissue beneath the epidermis
A
Dermis
17
Q
- thick skin due to multilayered epidermis w/ glandular cells & fat storage cells in the hypodermis
A
Jawless Fishes (Lampreys & Hagfishes)
18
Q
- multilayered & contains bone in the form of denticles (teeth
A
Cartilaginous Fishes ( Shark)
19
Q
- contains scales
A
Bony Fishes (Teleosts)
20
Q
stratified & contains mucous & several glands plus pigmentation
A
Amphibians shark
21
Q
- thick epidermis & keratinized scales
A
Reptiles
22
Q
- soft & thin epidermis w/ no epidermal glands
-contains feathers
A
Birds
23
Q
Consist of several layers
A
Mammals
24
Q
- stratified squamous epithelium
A
epidermis
25
-tough material (coiled protein) that waterproofs the skin & provides strength & flexibility to skin
Keratin
26
- produced by melanocytes (in human); pigment responsible for skin color & protection from UV
Melanin
27
are found (for skin pigmentation)
chromatophores
28
- the uppermost thin layer of flat dead cell constantly shed off
Stratum corneum
29
- thick inner layer of stratified squamous epithelium; actively dividing
Stratum germinativum
30
found only in thick skin like in palms, soles, and digits
S lucidum
31
composed of S granulosum, S spinosum, S basale
Stratum germinativum
32
They ---- as they move through the stratum corneum
Die
33
made up of dead cells
Stratum corneum
34
composed of a dense/fibrous connective tissue made up of collagen w/c imparts strength & flexibility
Dermis
35
thicker than epidermis
Dermis
36
more abundant in the dermis
Dense and fibrous
37
- loose connective e w/ blood vessels, nerves, cutaneous glands
Papillary layer/Stratum Spongiosum
38
- thick lower layer of dense irregular connective tissue w/ mostly collagen fibers (for strength); also contains blood vessels & nerves
Reticular Layer/Stratum compactum
39
h8ghly vascular and nerves also
Papillary layer/Stratum Spongiosum
40
highly vascular and innervated
Reticular Layer/Stratum compactum
41
Secretes sebum provide moisture to skin
SEBACEOUS GLAND
42
- derived from the epidermis
Hairs
43
- made of keratin
Nails
44
Surrounded by nerve fibers important to the sense of touch
Hairs
45
in the deeper layer of dermis; for sweating (cooling)
Sweat/Sudoriferous glands
46
receive information from the environment
Sensory receptors
47
secretes sebum (oily substance that lubricates & softens
Oil/ Sebaceous glands
48
perceive sensations such as pressure, vibrations, texture
Mechanoreceptors
49
Four types of Mechanoreceptors
Meissner's corpuscles
Merkel's discs
Ruffini's corpuscles
Pacinian corpuscles
50
- sensitive to light touch
Meissner's corpuscles
51
- permit us to know that an object continues to touch the skin
Merkel's discs
52
- adapt very slowly, inform us of heavy & continuous touch & pressure
Ruffini's corpuscles
53
- especially sensitive to the deep pressure that causes rapid movement of the tissues
Pacinian corpuscles
54
perceive sensations related to temperature endings
Thermoreceptors
55
2 types of Thermoreceptors
Heat receptor
Cold receptor
56
- detect pain or stimuli that cause damage to skin
Nociceptors/Pain receptors
57
Not considered part of the skin itself
Abundant in fat cells/adipose
Binds the skin to the body
Hypodermis/Subcutaneous Layer
58
- absence of integumentary glands
Reptiles
59
- are free nerve endings (bare)
Nociceptors/Pain receptors
60
usually found on free nerve
Thermoreceptors
