Integumentary System

Question 1

function:

Answer 1

• PROTECTION
• SENSATION
• HOMEOSTASIS
• SECRETION

Question 2

Thermoregulation

Fluid/Electrolyte balance

Answer 2

• HOMEOSTASIS

Question 3

layers of the skin

Answer 3

epidermis
dermis
HYPODERMIS/SQ FAT

Question 4

Stratified squamous

keratinizing epithelium

Answer 4

epidermis

Question 5

Dense irregular CT

Answer 5

dermis

Question 6

Modified loose CT

Answer 6

HYPODERMIS/SQ FAT

Question 7

COMPONENTS OF SKIN

Answer 7

epithelium
connective tissue
nervous, muscle tissue

Question 8

• Epidermis
• Epidermal appendages
• Endothelium of blood vessels

Answer 8

epithelium

Question 9

connective tissue

Answer 9

dermis

Question 10

• Keratin-producing
• Undergo differentiation
• End-result: tough
waterproof layer
(=stratum corneum)

Answer 10

KERATINOCYTES

Question 11

important layers

Answer 11

STRATUM CORNEUM
STRATUM LUCIDUM
STRATUM GRANULOSUM

STRATUM SPINOSUM

STRATUM BASALE

Question 12

cause skin to regenerate

Answer 12

stratum basale

Question 13

• Thin, lightly staining
refractile layer
• Seen only in thick skin
• 4-6 rows of very flat cells
• Rarely see nuclei
• Cells are essentially dead

Answer 13

STRATUM LUCIDUM

Question 14

• INTERCELLULAR LIPID
• THICKENED PLASMA MEMBRANE (envelope proteins)
• KERATIN BUNDLES + MATRIX
• Impermeability to water
• Mechanical barrier

Answer 14

STRATUM CORNEUM

Question 15

• Flattening
• Filling with keratin
• Thickening of
membrane
• Waterproofing with
intercellular lipid
• Losing
nuclei/organelles

Answer 15

KERATINIZATION

Question 16

• 1000-2000 cells/sq mm
• 1 melanocyte : 30
keratinocytes
• Dendritic cell in basal
layer
• Melanin-producing
• Protection against UV

Answer 16

melanocyte

Question 17

• Fine brush-like in
Papillary dermis
• Coarse, fragmented in
Reticular dermis
• Bundles are oriented
differently

• Mechanical strength
• Skin lines

Answer 17

ELASTIC FIBERS

Question 18

SKIN LINES

Answer 18

langer
kraissl
borges and alexander

Question 19

• Cadaveric study
• Opening of skin lines between
puncture pts
• Tension determined by elastic fibers

Answer 19

langer

Question 20

• Wrinkle lines

* Follows musculo-tendinous action

Answer 20

kraissl

Question 21

• Relaxed skin tension lines

* Creases formed by skin pinching

Answer 21

borges and alexander

Question 22

what causes pain?

Answer 22

free nerve endings

Question 23

• Small cocoon-like
• In dermal papillae,
oriented perp. To surf
• Lips, fingertips/toes
• Fxn: light touch

Answer 23

MEISSNER CORPUSCLE

Question 24

• Onion-shaped structures
• Deep dermis/hypod
• Fingertips/jts
• Fxn: pressure/vibration

Answer 24

PACINIAN CORPUSCLE

Question 25

* HAIR * NAIL * Hard keratin (vs. soft keratin of epidermis)

Answer 25

MODIFIED EPIDERMAL STRUCTURES

Question 26

* Sebaceous * Eccrine * Apocrine

Answer 26

GLANDS

Question 27

Hair follicle Arrector pili Sebaceous gland *Apocrine gland

Answer 27

PILOSEBACEOUS UNIT

Question 28

types of hair

Answer 28

TERMINAL HAIR | VELLUS HAIR

Question 29

TERMINAL HAIR

Answer 29

• Scalp, eyebrows/lashes, axillae/pubis • Larger, coarser, deeper root

Question 30

VELLUS HAIR

Answer 30

* Rest of body | * Thin, lightly pigmented

Question 31

``` • Simple branched acinar gland • Sebum - lubricant • Holocrine secretion • Not found in palms, soles and glans ```

Answer 31

sebaceous gland

Question 32

* Simple coiled tubular gland * Opens into infundibulum * Scent hormones * In axillae, areola, genital area

Answer 32

apocrine

Question 33

``` • Simple coiled tubular • Opens directly on skin surface • Except in lips, ext. genitalia; Most numerous in palms, soles, forehead, axilla • Thermoregulation ```

Answer 33

eccrine

Question 34

Anterior aspect of the head from the forehead to the chin and from one earto the other ▪ Providesour identity as an individual human ▪ Basic shape is determined by the underlying bones

Answer 34

face

Question 35

Facial lacerations tend to

Answer 35

gape –becausethe face has no deep fascia and the subcutaneous tissue between the cutaneous attachments of the muscles is loose

Question 36

Looseness of the subcutaneous tissue enables fluid and blood to accumulate following bruising

Answer 36

Facial lacerations