Integumentary System

Question 0

What is the largest organ of the body?

How much is that of your body weight?

Answer 0

Skin, 16%

Question 1

What does the integumentary system include?

Answer 1

Skin, hair, nails, and excretory glands

Question 2

What are the 2 parts of the cutaneous membrane?

Answer 2

Epidermis, dermis

Question 3

What are the 3 parts of the accessory organs?

Answer 3

Hair, nails, and excretory glands

Question 4

What is the fat later protecting major blood vessels?

Answer 4

Subcutaneous layer

Question 5

What is the scientific name for the subcutaneous layer?

Answer 5

Hypodermis

Question 6

What are 6 functions of integument?

Answer 6

1. Protection
2. Excretes salt
3. Maintains body temp.
4. Formation of vitamin D
5. Storage of nutrients
6. Touch receptors

Question 7

What are 2 function of the epidermis?

Answer 7

1. Protection

2. Keeps out micro organisms

Question 8

What causes hardening in the epidermis?

Answer 8

Keratinocytes

Question 9

What are the thickest parts of the epidermis?

Answer 9

Palms and soles of feet

Question 10

What are the thinnest parts of the epidermis?

Answer 10

Eyelids and belly button

Question 11

What cells are sensitive to touch?

Answer 11

Merkel cells

Question 12

What cells are brown pigment cells?

Answer 12

Melanocytes

Question 13

Deepest layer, created epidermal ridges, don’t change over time, contains stem cells, cell will go under mitosis, contains merkel cells and melanocytes

Answer 13

Stratum balsale

Question 14

Above the basale layer, contains langerhans cells, cells are still dividing

Answer 14

Stratum spinosum

Question 15

Above spinodum, cells don’t divide, make keratin

Answer 15

Stratum granulosum

Question 16

Only found in thick skin areas, thin, flat, and clear, densely packed filled with keratin

Answer 16

Stratum lucidium

Question 17

Surface layer, 15-20 layers thick, water resistant, keratinized

Answer 17

Stratum corneum

Question 18

What cells fight infection?

Answer 18

Langerhans cells

Question 19

What protects and hardens skin, hair, and nails?

Answer 19

Keratin

Question 20

What are hardened and protective cells?

Answer 20

Keratinized cells

Question 21

Layers of the skin from the deepest layer to the outside layer.

Answer 21

Stratum balsale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidium, and stratum corneum

Question 22

What layer of skin protects?

Answer 22

Epidermis or hypodermis

Question 23

What layer of skin excretes salt?

Answer 23

Dermis

Question 24

What layer of skin maintains body temp?

Answer 24

Hypodermis

Question 25

What layer of skin forms vitamin D?

Answer 25

Epidermis

Question 26

What layer of skin stores nutrients?

Answer 26

Hypodermis

Question 27

What layer of skin has touch receptors?

Answer 27

Dermis

Question 28

Gradual evaporation throughout the day

Answer 28

Insensible

Question 29

Sweat out of glands

Answer 29

Sensible

Question 30

2 things skin color is caused by

Answer 30

Epidermal pigment, dermal circulation

Question 31

Pigment that is orangish and yellow. Can be changed to vitamin A. Help with vision

Answer 31

Carotene

Question 32

Pigment that is brownish yellow blackish. Protects against UV Rays, levels change when exposed to sunlight

Answer 32

Melanin

Question 33

Pigment that is Reddish pink. Found in blood, carries oxygen

Answer 33

Hemoglobin

Question 34

Vessels that are flushed skin (red)

Answer 34

Dialated vessels

Question 35

Vessels that are cyanosis (blue)

Answer 35

Constricted vessels

Question 36

Contains dermal papilla, sensory neurons and capillaries

Answer 36

Superficial papillary

Question 37

Deeper part of the dermis that holds structures in place

Answer 37

Reticular layer

Question 38

What are many things contained in the dermis?

Answer 38

Hair follicles, nails, and sweat glands, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerve fibers

Question 39

Loss of elastin in the dermis due to UV exposure

Answer 39

Wrinkles

Question 40

Nerve innervation of the dermis that had light touch

Answer 40

Meissner corpusles

Question 41

Nerve innervation of the dermis that causes pain and has heavy pressure

Answer 41

Pacinian corpusles

Question 42

Stabilizes skin, made up of fat and aredar tissue, energy source, shock absorber, insubator, blood reservoir, elastic fibers

Answer 42

Subcutaneous layer, hypodermis

Question 43

They are non living, form in the dermis, you have 5 million of them, formed in hair follicles

Answer 43

Hair

Question 44

Anchors hair into skin

Answer 44

Root

Question 45

Surrounds hair follicle and connects it to blood vessels and nerves

Answer 45

Hair bulb

Question 46

The part of hair above the skin

Answer 46

Hair shaft

Question 47

The outer surface of hair

Answer 47

Cuticle

Question 48

The middle layer of hair, thick layer of keratin

Answer 48

Cortex

Question 49

The inner core of hair

Answer 49

Medulla

Question 50

The 1st hair to form in embryo

Answer 50

Lanugo

Question 51

Fine hair on body, most common type

Answer 51

Vellus

Question 52

Heavy, dark, coarse, and curly hair

Answer 52

Terminal

Question 53

Texture of hair that is straight

Answer 53

Round follicle

Question 54

Texture of hair that is curly

Answer 54

Flat follicle

Question 55

What is caused by melanin levels?

Answer 55

Hair color

Question 56

What kind of hair color has high levels of melanin?

Answer 56

Dark

Question 57

What color of hair has low levels of melanin?

Answer 57

Light

Question 58

What color of hair lacks melanin?

Answer 58

White/grey

Question 59

What color hair does UV lights kill melanin in the follicles?

Answer 59

Bleach blonde

Question 60

What are 4 functions of hair?

Answer 60

1. Protect 2. Insulate 3. Clean air 4. Sensory

Question 61

What are smooth muscles that are attached to hairs and make them stand on end?

Answer 61

Arrector pili muscles

Question 62

What grows for 2-5 years, 1/2 inch per month, get nutrients from blood

Answer 62

Hair production

Question 63

Hair at the end of its life, it gets pushed out by the new incoming hair

Answer 63

Club hair

Question 64

What kind of glands are usually connected to hair follicles?

Answer 64

Sebaceous glands

Question 65

What is the oily secretion from glands?

Answer 65

Sebum

Question 66

Ducts of oil glands

Answer 66

Lumen

Question 67

What are sweat glands?

Answer 67

Sudoriferous glands

Question 68

What sweat gland has odor and secretes into hair follicles?

Answer 68

Apocrine

Question 69

What sweat gland are more numerous and you have 2-5 million of them?

Answer 69

Eccrine

Question 70

3 functions of sweat glands

Answer 70

Cool body temp Release water and electrolytes Protect against bacteria and viruses

Question 71

What glands are located in the breasts and release milk?

Answer 71

Mammary

Question 72

What kinda of glands release wax?

Answer 72

Ceruminous

Question 73

Dead, hardened, and tightly packed cells

Answer 73

Nails

Question 74

What is the visible part of the nail?

Answer 74

Nail body

Question 75

What is the front of the nail?

Answer 75

Free edge

Question 76

What part of the nail where the skin touches the sides of the nail?

Answer 76

Nail folds

Question 77

What part of the nail is the end of the finger tip( under the free edge)

Answer 77

Hypo this

Question 78

What part of the nail is non visible back side of the nail?

Answer 78

Nail root

Question 79

What is the white half moon at the base of the nail?

Answer 79

Lunula

Question 80

What are the 4 steps to repair your nail?

Answer 80

Bleeding Scab forms Fibroblasts for new skin tissue Scab is shed

Question 81

What degree is a burn that affects the epidermis only and causes pain and redness?

Answer 81

1st

Question 82

What degree of a burn goes through the epidermis and dermis and causes pain and blistering?

Answer 82

2nd

Question 83

What degree of burn goes through all three layers of skin?

Answer 83

3rd

Question 84

What is the redness of the skin?

Answer 84

Erythmema

Question 85

20% burns or more are dangerous do to what 3 things?

Answer 85

Fluid loss Cannot control temp Bacterial infection

Question 86

What is a wide spread body/ blood infection?

Answer 86

Sepsis

Question 87

4 ways to treat a 3rd degree burn

Answer 87

Replace fluids Give nutrients Prevent infection Repair skin with grafts

Question 88

What kinda of graft is an animal graft?

Answer 88

Xenografts

Question 89

What kind of graft is a donor?

Answer 89

Allograft

Question 90

What kind of graft is yourself?

Answer 90

Autograft

Question 91

What thickness is the epidermis and dermis?

Answer 91

Split thickness

Question 92

What thickness is when it gets down to the fat?

Answer 92

Full thickness