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Histology Final > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

True or False: External layer of Integumentary System is IMPERMEABLE to water!

A

True

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2
Q

Name the type of epithelium for the Epidermis.

A

Stratified Squamous Keratinized Epithelium

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3
Q

True or False: Epidermis contains blood vessels and lymphatics

A

False: The Epidermis contains NEITHER

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4
Q

Name the 5 distinct strata layers (Superficial to Deep)

A
  1. Stratum Corneum
  2. Stratum Lucidum
  3. Stratum Granulosum
  4. Stratum Spinosum
  5. Stratum Basale
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5
Q

Name the 4 types of cells found in the Epidermis

A
  1. Melanocytes
  2. Keratinocytes
  3. Dendritic (langerhan) cells
  4. Merkel cells
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6
Q

Stratum basale is a SINGLE layer made up of what type of Epidthelium?

A

Cuboidal or columnar

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7
Q

In the Stratum Spinosum layer it synthesizes keratin filaments which form bundles called?

A

Tonofibrils

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8
Q

Name the type of cell cancer in the Stratum Spinosum layer?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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9
Q

True or false: Stratum Lucidum are found in THIN skin ONLY!

A

False: Stratum Lucidum is found in THICK skin ONLY!

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10
Q

Subcutaneous tissue (superficial fascia) is made up of?

A

Adipose and loose connective tissue

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11
Q

Strata layers the phases of what?

A

Movement and maturation of keratinocytes

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12
Q

What type of cells are present in Stratum Basale?

A

Melanocytes

Merkel cells

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13
Q

What types of cells are in the Stratum Spinosum layer?

A

Polyhedral cells with central nucleus

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14
Q

Where are mitotic cells found?

A

DEEPEST LAYER!!!

Stratum Basale

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15
Q

In which stratum layer do cells begin the process of APOPTOSIS?

A

Stratum Granulosum

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16
Q

What type of tissue is the Epidermis made up of?

A

Epithelial tissue (ectoderm)

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17
Q

What type of tissue is the Dermis made up of?

A

Connective tissue (Mesoderm/Dermatome)

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18
Q

What’s the function of Basophilic Keratohyaline Granules?

A

Help pack keratin filaments together into larger structures

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19
Q

Name the 2 types of granules that filled within the Stratum Granulosum layer.

A
  1. Basophilic Keratohyaline Granules

2. Lamellar Granules

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20
Q

Describe S. Lucidum

A
  1. Translucent thin layer

2. No organelles nor nuclei

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21
Q

Describe the Stratum Corneum layer?

A
  1. 15-20 flattened non-nucleated keratinized layers

2. Filled with Keratin

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22
Q

What’s the function of the cytoplasmic spines (and desmosomes)?

A

Maintain cohesion and resist effects of abrasion

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23
Q

What’s the function of lamellar granules?

A
  1. Release contents (lipid) into intercellular space

2. Acts as a barrier against water loss from the skin

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24
Q

After keratinization, what types of cells are found in the Stratum Corneum layer?

A

Squames

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25
Which type of skin is glabrous/nonhairy?
Thick skin
26
Where do the Epidermal Ridges go to?
The Dermis
27
Melanocytes extensions branch within what 2 Stratum Layers?
Stratum Basale and Stratum Spinosum
28
Proliferation of melanocytes can produce?
Moles
29
Dendritic (langerhan) cells are most clearly seen in which Stratum layer?
Stratum Spinosum
30
True or False: Dendritic (langerhan) cells Bind, Process and present antigens to B Lymphoytes.
False: They Bind, Process and present antigens to "T" Lymphocytes
31
What type of collagen is in the Papillary Region?
Type VII
32
What type of collagen is in the Reticular Region?
Type I
33
True or False: Dermis has a RICH network of blood and lymphatic vessels
True
34
SHUNTS between plexuses (subpapillary/Deep) allow an increase/decrease of blood flow in the ______ region to maintain constant _____.
1. Papillary | 2. Temperature
35
True or False: The Dermis is richly innervated by Sensory and Autonomic fibers.
True
36
Hair forms within epidermal invaginations called?
Follicles
37
Terminal dilation of the follicle is the?
Hair Bulb
38
What type of cell releases MELANIN into cells of cortex and medulla and process hair color?
Melanocytes
39
What type of SMOOTH muscle contract and causes hair shaft to be more erect and traps warm air?
Arrector pili m.
40
What type of Hormone is secreted from the Sebaceous gland?
Holocrine (Begins to function at puberty)
41
What 2 Hormones are secreted from Sweat?
Eccrine (soles of feet) | Apocrine (Axillary, Perineal regions)
42
Cholinergic innervation occurs from what sweat hormone?
Eccrine
43
Adrenergic innervation occurs from what sweat hormone?
Apocrine
44
Which type of skin is more cellular and well vascularized?
Thin
45
Melanocytes derive from where and into which Stratum layer?
Neural crest; Stratum Basale
46
Name the 2 Regions of the Dermis layers?
1. Papillary Region (Adjacent to Epidermis) | 2. Reticular Region (Extends to Superficial Fascia)
47
What types of cells cover the dermal papilla and form the matrix of the elongating hair root?
Keratinocytes
48
What type of lipid is secreted from the Sebaceous gland?
Sebum
49
Describe Apocrine (hormone) of sweat.
1. Ducts open at hair follicles | 2. Viscous secretion via MEROCRINE method
50
Which 2 stratum layers are found in Thick Skin?
1. Stratum Corneum | 2. Stratum Lucidum
51
1. The Root of the Hair consists of what 3 layers? | 2. The 3 layers are surrounded by?
1. Medulla, Cortex, Cuticle | 2. Epithelial Root Sheath
52
Melanocytes synthesize?
Melanin into granuels (melanosomes) at tips of extensions; Keratinocytes phagocytose the tips and take in the melanosomes
53
Provide examples of UNENCAPSULATED and ENCAPSULATED sensory receptors.
Unencapsulated: Free nerve endings, tactile merkel discs Encapsulated: Pacinian and Meissner
54
Dendritic (langerhan) cells come from?
Bone marrow
55
Describe the Eccrine (hormone) of sweat?
Ducts open at skin surface | Watery secretion; merocrine method
56
Describe Merkel (tactile) cells
1. Mechanoreceptors | 2. Areas of high tactile sensitivity and at base of hair follicles
57
Basolateral surface of Merkel cells are in contact with?
Sensory fibers that penetrate the basal lamina
58
The Dermis layer contains?
1. Epidermal Derivatives (Hair follicles/glands) | 2. Sensory Receptors/Nerves (Sympathetic /Sensory)
59
What makes up the Dermis?
1. Dense Connective tissue | 2. Consists of Collagen, elastic fibers and corresponding cells
60
What's the function of the papillary region?
Anchors epidermis to dermis via anchoring fibrils
61
Describe the papillary region
Loose connective tissue with collagen fibers and typical cells
62
In what region is the Dermal papillae found?
Papillary region
63
Describe the Reticular region?
1. Dense irregular connective tissue with more fibers and fewer cells 2. Network of elastic fibers 3. Provides strength and extensibility to skin

Histology Final (5 decks)

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