integumentary systems

Question 1

what is function 1- protection?

Answer 1

the skin protects the rest of the body

Question 2

what is function 2- sensory function?

Answer 2

skin acts as a sense organ because the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis contain a sensory nerve structures that detect touch, surface temperature, and pain

Question 3

what is function 3- thermoregulation?

Answer 3

sympathetic nervous system is continuously monitoring body temperature and initiating appropriate motor responses

Question 4

what is function 4- vitamin d synthesis

Answer 4

the epidermal layer of human skin synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to UV radiation

Question 5

what is keratinocyte

Answer 5

a cell that manufactures and stores protein keratin

Question 6

what is keratin

Answer 6

a intracellular fibrous protein that gives hair, nals, and skin their hardness and water-resistant properties

Question 7

what are the main organs

Answer 7

hair,skin, nails

Question 8

what are the three main layers (from superficial to deep)

Answer 8

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Question 9

what layers are in “thick skin”

Answer 9

stratum coreum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 10

what layers are in “thin skin”

Answer 10

stratum coreum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 11

stratum corneum

Answer 11

cells in the layer are shed periodically and are replaced by cells pushed up from the stratum granulosum

Question 12

stratum lucidum

Answer 12

smooth seemingly translucent layer of the epidermis. the keratinocytes that compose the stratum lucidum are dead

Question 13

stratum granulosum

Answer 13

grainy appearance, cell organelles disintegrate as cells die behind keratin and cell membranes form the stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

Question 14

stratum spinosum

Answer 14

spiny in appearance, the desmosomes interlock with one another and strengthen the bond between cells

Question 15

stratum basale

Answer 15

deepest epidermal layer, they bond to the dermis via intertwining collagen fibers, referred to as the basement membrane

Question 16

dermis

Answer 16

has blood and lymph vessels, nerves

Question 17

hypodermis

Answer 17

fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning

Question 18

hair

Answer 18

keratinous filament growing out of epidermis

Question 19

hair follicle

Answer 19

strands of hair originate an epidermal penetration of the dermis

Question 20

hair shaft

Answer 20

part of the hair not anchored to follicle

Question 21

hair root

Answer 21

anchored in follicle and lies below surface of skin

Question 22

free edge

Answer 22

nail

Question 23

lunula

Answer 23

thick layers of epithelium over nail matrix forms crescent- shaped

Question 24

eponychium

Answer 24

nail fold that meets promixal end of nail body forms nail cuticle

Question 25

nail root

Answer 25

matrix of proliferating cells from the stratum basale that enables the nail to grow continuously

Question 26

pores

Answer 26

on epidermis

Question 27

aprocrine sweat glands

Answer 27

hair follicles in densely hairy are (armpits)

Question 28

eccrine sweat glands

Answer 28

produces hypotonic sweat for thermoregulation

Question 29

integumentary system function

Answer 29

encloses internal body structures; sites of many sensory receptors' thermoregulation; vitamin D synthesis