Integumentary Systems

Question 1

What are the appendages of the skin?

Answer 1

Glands, hair, sensory receptors

Question 2

What does skin do?

Answer 2

Protects, 
prevents water loss, 
temperature regulation, 
sensory perception, 
excretory organ- sweat, 
formation of vit D

Question 3

What does skin protect us from?

Answer 3

Physical injury
Chemicals
Toxicins
Microbes

Question 4

What are the regions of integument?

Answer 4

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis (subcutaneous)

Question 5

Which regions of the integument makes up skin?

Answer 5

Epidermis

Dermis

Question 6

What are the names of the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep?

Answer 6

Stratum corneum 
Stratum lucidum (for thick skin) 
Stratum granulosum 
Stratum spinosum 
Stratum basale

Question 7

What protein is in the epidermis?

Answer 7

Karatin

Question 8

Nutrients, oxygen exchange etc comes from which layer?

Answer 8

Dermis

Question 9

Cells that make up most of the epidermis

Answer 9

Keratinocytes

Question 10

Stratum corneum

Answer 10

Most superficial layer of skin 
#1 layer

Question 11

Stratum basale

Answer 11

Deepest layer of skin 
#5 layer
Contains cells (melanocytes) for melanin

Question 12

Melanin’s function

Answer 12

Absorbs ultraviolet radiation and protects against DNA damage

Question 13

Where do stem cells come from?

Answer 13

Stratum basale

Question 14

Two layers of the Dermis

Answer 14

Papillary & Reticular (superficial, deep)

Question 15

As a result of more protein fibers, name the layers of the dermis from loose to dense.

Answer 15

Papillary, Reticular

Question 16

Why is the connective tissue loose in the papillary layer of the dermis?

Answer 16

For the exchange of nutrients and fluids to epidermis

Question 17

What in the dermis gives the skin elasticity and strength?

Answer 17

Collagen and elastic fibers

Question 18

What does the papillary layer of the dermis contain that nourishes epidermis?

Answer 18

Capillaries

Question 19

Hypodermis functions

Answer 19

Absorbs shock
Prevents heat loss from body insulates the deep body structures
Common site for drug injection because extensive vascular network

Question 20

Other words for epidermis

Answer 20

Stratified squamous

Question 21

First degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?

Answer 21

Epidermis
Localized redness, swelling and pain
3-10 days

Question 22

Second degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?

Answer 22

Epidermis, dermis
2nd degree symptoms but blisters appear because of the extracellular fluid
3-4 weeks

Question 23

Third degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?

Answer 23

Epidermis, dermis and hypodermis
Burner area appears gray-white, cherry red, or black
No initial Edema (swelling (burn has gone thru area that provides fluid)) or pain (nerve endings destroyed), great fluid loss,
Grafting often necessary in larger burns

Question 24

Fourth degree effects which layer(s) of skin? Symptoms? How long to heal?

Answer 24

Entire integument (epidermis, dermis, hypodermis) into underlying tendons, ligaments, muscle and bone
Black, charred or leathery Gray appearance
Amputation of appendages often required
Very challenging to survive

Question 25

What are the two sweat glands?

Answer 25

Merocrine and Apocrine

Question 26

What is the type of sweat and locations of merocrine sweat glands?

Answer 26

Water-like | Palms, soles of feet, and forehead

Question 27

What is the type of sweat and locations of Apocrine sweat glands?

Answer 27

Sweat containing fat and protein (leads to body odor) | Axillary and genital areas

Question 28

What are the names of a sweat duct from superficial to deep?

Answer 28

Sweat pore Sweat gland duct Sweat gland

Question 29

Merocrine sweat gland function

Answer 29

Temperature regulation

Question 30

Apocrine sweat gland function

Answer 30

Provide nutrients

Question 31

What does Sebaceous gland in hypodermis do?

Answer 31

Secretes sebum (see-bum) oil (Commonly found on face, neck, and trunk Not on palms or soles) Softens and lubricates hair and skin Controlled by hormones (active during puberty)

Question 32

What is the sebaceous gland close to?

Answer 32

Hair follicle

Question 33

Where does hair grow from?

Answer 33

The hair bulb

Question 34

Name the 4 parts of hair superficial to deep?

Answer 34

Shaft, hair follicle, hair bulb, hair papilla

Question 35

Smooth muscle that responds to fear and temperature

Answer 35

Arrector Pili

Question 36

What are the 3 sensory receptors in skin?

Answer 36

Meissner's corpuscle Afferent nerve endings Pacinian corpuscle

Question 37

What does meissner's corpuscle do?

Answer 37

Received stimulation and can create impulse. | Picks up light changes and stimulation like tickle.

Question 38

What do Bare (sensory) nerve endings do?

Answer 38

Pick up pain, heat and cold

Question 39

What does the pacinian corpuscle do?

Answer 39

Senses pressure | Larger and deeper into dermis/hypodermis