Intelligence

Question 1

Intelligence

Answer 1

The ability to learn from one’s experiences, acquire knowledge and use resources effectively in adapting to new situations or solving problems

Question 2

Spearman’s definition

Answer 2

defined as two primary abilities:
general intelligence =
g-factor
wider ability

specific intelligence =
s-factor
task-specific abilities such as music, business or art

Question 3

multiple intelligence theory

Answer 3

Howard Gardner

Question 4

multiple intelligences

Answer 4

original:
linguistic
logical-mathematical
visual-spatial
musical
kinaesthetic
interpersonal
intrapersonal

8th and 9th:
Naturalistic
Existential

Question 5

linguistic intelligence

Answer 5

Analyse and create language-based products
speeches
books
poems

Question 6

logical-mathematical intelligence

Answer 6

analyse, solve and develop abstract mathematical and scientific problems

Question 7

visual-spatial intelligence

Answer 7

distinguish between and create small and large-scale images in two or three dimensions

Question 8

musical intelligence

Answer 8

create, perform and appreciate musical sounds

Question 9

kinaesthetic intelligence

Answer 9

use one’s body to create products or solve problems

Question 10

interpersonal intelligence

Answer 10

understand other peoples moods, desires and intentions

interact effectively with people

Question 11

intrapersonal intelligence

Answer 11

understand one’s own moods, desires and intentions

manage and regulate oneself effectively

Question 12

naturalistic intelligence

Answer 12

distinguish amongst different plants, animals and other natural phenomena
weather
rock formation

Question 13

existential intelligence

Answer 13

reflect on questions about life, death, love and existence
religion
philosophy
ethics

Question 14

Binet’s mental ability test

Answer 14

Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon
created a test that distinguished between fast and slow learners
distiguished children of different age groups

Question 15

Stanford-Binet and IQ

Answer 15

intelligence quotient

= mental age/chronological age*100

Question 16

reliability of tests

Answer 16

the test producing consistent results each time if it is given to the same individual or group of individuals

Question 17

validity of tests

Answer 17

the degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to meausure

Question 18

standardisation

Answer 18

the process of giving the test to a large group of people who represent the kind of people for whom the test is designed
one aspect includes the establishment of consistant and standard methods of test administration

Question 19

norms

Answer 19

the standards against which all others who take the test will be compared
most intelligence tests follow a normal curve

Question 20

IQ Tests and cultural biases

Answer 20

people raised in a different culture or different socio-economic background from the designer of the test will be at a disadvantage

Question 21

intellectual disability

Answer 21

neurodevelopmental disorder
person exhibits deficits in mental abilities
typically associated with an IQ score of 2 standard deviations below the mean
person’s adaptive behaviour is severely below the appropriate level for their age
these limitations must begin in the developmental period

Question 22

diagnosis of intellectual disabilities

Answer 22

diagnosis is based on deficits in intellectual functioning
determined by standardised tests of intelligence and by clinical assessments which impact on adaptive functioning across 3 domains
conceptual
social
practical

Question 23

conceptual domain

Answer 23

memory
reasoning
language
reading 
writing 
mathematics
other academic skills

Question 24

social domain

Answer 24

empathy
social judgement
interpersonal communication
ability to make and maintain friendships

Question 25

practical domain

Answer 25

``` self-management skills personal care job responsibility school money management ```

Question 26

external causes of mental disabilities

Answer 26

``` unhealthy living conditions that could affect brain development lead poisoning prenatal exposure to mercury inadequate brain development associated with poverty: malnutrition health problems resulting from inadequate access to health care foetal alcohol syndrome down syndrome fragile x syndrome lack of oxygen at birth certain infectious diseases drug use by mother injuries during childhood ```

Question 27

giftedness (study by Lewis M. Terman

Answer 27

IQ above 130 above average in height, weight and physical attractiveness more resistant to mental illness tertiary education better jobs financial success IQ higher than 180 - social adjustment problems as children

Question 28

Emotional intelligence

Answer 28

the accurate awareness of and ability to manage one's own emotions (anger, impulsiveness, anxiety) to facilitate thinking and attain specific goals ability to understand what others feel