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PSY1005S > Intelligence > Flashcards

Intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

Intelligence

A

The ability to learn from one’s experiences, acquire knowledge and use resources effectively in adapting to new situations or solving problems

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2
Q

Spearman’s definition

A

defined as two primary abilities:
general intelligence =
g-factor
wider ability

specific intelligence =
s-factor
task-specific abilities such as music, business or art

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3
Q

multiple intelligence theory

A

Howard Gardner

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4
Q

multiple intelligences

A 
original:
linguistic
logical-mathematical
visual-spatial
musical
kinaesthetic
interpersonal
intrapersonal

8th and 9th:
Naturalistic
Existential

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5
Q

linguistic intelligence

A

Analyse and create language-based products
speeches
books
poems

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6
Q

logical-mathematical intelligence

A

analyse, solve and develop abstract mathematical and scientific problems

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7
Q

visual-spatial intelligence

A

distinguish between and create small and large-scale images in two or three dimensions

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8
Q

musical intelligence

A

create, perform and appreciate musical sounds

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9
Q

kinaesthetic intelligence

A

use one’s body to create products or solve problems

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10
Q

interpersonal intelligence

A

understand other peoples moods, desires and intentions

interact effectively with people

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11
Q

intrapersonal intelligence

A

understand one’s own moods, desires and intentions

manage and regulate oneself effectively

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12
Q

naturalistic intelligence

A

distinguish amongst different plants, animals and other natural phenomena
weather
rock formation

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13
Q

existential intelligence

A

reflect on questions about life, death, love and existence
religion
philosophy
ethics

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14
Q

Binet’s mental ability test

A

Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon
created a test that distinguished between fast and slow learners
distiguished children of different age groups

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15
Q

Stanford-Binet and IQ

A

intelligence quotient

= mental age/chronological age*100

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16
Q

reliability of tests

A

the test producing consistent results each time if it is given to the same individual or group of individuals

17
Q

validity of tests

A

the degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to meausure

18
Q

standardisation

A

the process of giving the test to a large group of people who represent the kind of people for whom the test is designed
one aspect includes the establishment of consistant and standard methods of test administration

19
Q

norms

A

the standards against which all others who take the test will be compared
most intelligence tests follow a normal curve

20
Q

IQ Tests and cultural biases

A

people raised in a different culture or different socio-economic background from the designer of the test will be at a disadvantage

21
Q

intellectual disability

A

neurodevelopmental disorder
person exhibits deficits in mental abilities
typically associated with an IQ score of 2 standard deviations below the mean
person’s adaptive behaviour is severely below the appropriate level for their age
these limitations must begin in the developmental period

22
Q

diagnosis of intellectual disabilities

A

diagnosis is based on deficits in intellectual functioning
determined by standardised tests of intelligence and by clinical assessments which impact on adaptive functioning across 3 domains
conceptual
social
practical

23
Q

conceptual domain

A 
memory
reasoning
language
reading 
writing 
mathematics
other academic skills
24
Q

social domain

A

empathy
social judgement
interpersonal communication
ability to make and maintain friendships

25
Q

practical domain

A 
self-management skills 
personal care
job responsibility
school 
money management
26
Q

external causes of mental disabilities

A 
unhealthy living conditions that could affect brain development
lead poisoning
prenatal exposure to mercury
inadequate brain development associated with poverty:
malnutrition
health problems resulting from inadequate access to health care
foetal alcohol syndrome
down syndrome
fragile x syndrome
lack of oxygen at birth
certain infectious diseases
drug use by mother
injuries during childhood
27
Q

giftedness (study by Lewis M. Terman

A

IQ above 130
above average in height, weight and physical attractiveness
more resistant to mental illness
tertiary education
better jobs
financial success
IQ higher than 180 - social adjustment problems as children

28
Q

Emotional intelligence

A

the accurate awareness of and ability to manage one’s own emotions (anger, impulsiveness, anxiety) to facilitate thinking and attain specific goals
ability to understand what others feel

PSY1005S (12 decks)

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