Interpersonal communication/ Dynamics/ Relationships Flashcards
Basic elements of communication
Sender - person communicating
Encoder - person communicating
Channel - human senses
Decoder - person receiving communication
Receiver - person receiving communication
Signal - verbal & nonverbal signs that convey content
Noise
Technical term for the quality of transmission
Overt behaviour
People’s visibile behaviour
Covert behaviour
Behavioural patterns as expressions of people’s character
Karen Homey
Personologist that identified three covert patterns in underlying interactions:
- Moving towards people
- Moving against people
- Moving away from people
Prosocial behaviour
Includes doing favours, offering assistance, paying compliments, being pleasant
Some theories assume people are altruistic
Others sees it as a selfish act, expecting something in return
May be a tendency we are born with
Aggressive behaviour
Common in animals and children
Question is whether aggression is innate or the product of psychosocial circumstance
Three approaches to understand aggression
- Instinct approach
- Frustration aggression approaches
- Observational learning approaches
Instinct approach
Konrad Lorenz
Considered aggression as the primary instinct to fight off threat
Viewed it as an energy that builds up that has to be discharged at some point
Frustration aggression approach
Explains that aggression is the outcome of frustration
Frustration produces anger which leadds to readiness to act aggressively
Whether or not aggression occurs depends on two things: frustration feelings are negative and whether anger cues are present
Observational learning approach
Suggests we learn to be aggressive
Interpersonal attraction
Proximity
Similarity and complimentary
Personal attraction
Communication
Proximity
The more individuals come into contact, the more likely they are to become friends
People like familiar things and fear noval things
Being exposed to something frequently, you become familiar with it which increases your liking
Exposure effect
Similarity and complimentary
People with similar attitudes, personality traits, demographics tend to like each other
People may seek the company of others who have different personality traits, demographics etc - complimentary
Personal attraction
People are attracted to others for physical/ psychological reasons
