Interaction of User and Computer Flashcards
A program in a high-level language is written in an
English-like language
Isolates the execution semantics of computer architecture from the specification of the program, making the process of developing a program simpler and more understandable with respect to assembly and machine level languages.
High Level Language
Programming languages are also classified in terms of generations in which they have evolved.
First Generation: Machine language
Second Generation: Assembly language
Third Generation: C, COBOL, Fortran, Pascal, C++, Java, ActiveX (Microsoft) etc.
Fourth Generation: .NET (VB.NET, C#.NET etc.) Scripting language (Javascript, Microsoft Frontpage etc.)
Fifth Generation: LISP, Prolog
It is also referred to as a symbolic representation of the machine code.
Easier to write than the machine language program but is still machine dependent.
Assembly language
It is a software that converts a program written in assembly language into machine code.
Assembler
A program written in a high-level language has to be converted to a language that the computer can understand, i.e. binary form.
Software that translates the program written in a high-level language to machine language.
Converts the entire source code into object-code and creates the object code. The object code is then executed by the user.
Compiler
It is used to convert the high-level language program into computer-understandable form.
Performs line-by-line execution of the source code during program execution.
Converts a line into machine executable form, executes the line, and proceeds with the next line.
Interpreter
Three kinds of Translator Software.
Assembler
Compiler
Interpreter
It is a program that links several object modules and libraries to a single executable program.
Linker
The compiled and the linked program are called the —-.
Executable code
It is used to load and re-locate the executable program in the main memory.
Loader
The ______is compiled and converted into a set of bytecodes and are stored in _____.
Java Source File like Sample.java; Sample.class file.
Hierarchy of Program Execution
Source Program
Compiler
Linker
Loader
It is a software that a user uses for accomplishing a specific task.
It may be a single program or a set of programs.
It is written for different kinds of applications—graphics, word processors, media players, database applications, telecommunication, accounting purposes etc.
Application Software
It is a set of programs that are written for a specific purpose and provide the required functionality.
Software Package
Examples of Application Software Packages
- Word Processing Software
- Image Processing Software
- Accounting Software
- Spreadsheet Software
- Presentation Software
- Suite of Software having Word Processor, Spreadsheet and Presentation Software
- CAD/CAM Software
- Geographic Information Systems
- Web Browser Software
For writing letters, reports, documents etc. (e.g. MS-WORD).
Word Processing Software
For assisting in drawing and manipulating graphics (e.g. Adobe Photoshop).
Image Processing Software
For assisting in accounting information, salary, tax returns (Tally software).
Accounting Software
Used for creating budget, tables etc. (e.g. MS-Excel).
Spreadsheet Software
To make presentations, slide shows (e.g. MS-PowerPoint)
Presentation Software
Some examples are MS-Office, Google Docs, Sun Openoffice, Apple iWork.
Suite of Software having Word Processor, Spreadsheet and Presentation Software
To assist in architectural design. (e.g. AutoCAD, Autodesk)
CAD/CAM Software
It captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents data, images and maps that are linked to different locations. (e.g. ArcGIS)
Geographic Information Systems
