Internet

Question 1

What is a LAN

Answer 1

a Local Area Network

Question 2

Describe the structure of the LAN

Answer 2

computer->NIC(Network Interface CArd)->Switch(Router)

Question 3

What is the internet

Answer 3

a ntwork of networks

Question 4

What is the intranet

Answer 4

it is a closed system that is only availiable to peole inside a newtork

Question 5

What is WAN & who owns it

Answer 5

wide area network. THe internet is a global WAN. The WAN is owned by ISPs

Question 6

What is an ISP

Answer 6

Internet Service Provider

Question 7

What was the point of the first computers

Answer 7

to break radio codes

Question 8

Why did the Army develop the itnernet

Answer 8

they wanted a system that was fault tolerant enough to where the USSR could bomb the center of the USA and we could still communicate coast to coast

Question 9

What was the system of the first internet in CA?

Answer 9

Mainframe computers in 4 universities each had an IMP(Interface Message Processer that doo the place of a router) that allowed them to connect

Question 10

What was the company that created the CA network

Answer 10

BBN

Question 11

What are some of the things that BBN did that influenced the way the internet is now?

Answer 11

information broken into packets(packet switched)
Seperate computer (IMP) served as gateway to the network

Question 12

What do modems do

Answer 12

convert the digital signals of computers into analog signals so that you can us the phone line for dialup

Question 13

What is circuit switching & is it analog or digital

Answer 13

analog, provides dedicated poit to point connections, pay whether using it or not but you have the full capacity of the line, expensive and inefficient

Question 14

What is the PSTN

Answer 14

Public Switched Telephone Network

Question 15

What is packet switching & is it analog of digital

Answer 15

breaks transmissions into messages/packets; diff packets can take diff routes to destination; digital

Question 16

What is a program that allows you to see where your packets are being sent

Answer 16

Traceroute; sometimes blocked to prevent hacking

Question 17

What is Multiplexing

Answer 17

a process of line sharing that allows diff computers to send messages over the same line at the same time; digital; saves money

Question 18

Bulletts of Analog communications (x4)

Answer 18

circuit switching, pointtopoint connection, quality connection, pay whether connection is used or not,

Question 19

Bulletts of Digital communications (x4)

Answer 19

packet switching, multiplexing to save $, started with computers, not Radio&TV&music&film a ll digitized….Most popular

Question 20

What company developed the first GUI? what was it called and why did they get rid of it

Answer 20

Xerox developed the Alto with GUI & they thought it would hurt the copier business so they ditched it

Question 21

How did the mental model of Xerox kill its potential money makign internet businesss

Answer 21

they thouht copiers would be a growing business forever, XPARC developed Ethernet, ALTO, GUI, and the Mouse and didnt capitaalize on anyof them

Question 22

What controlled computers pre-GUI

Answer 22

the command line

Question 23

What was the first commercial PC with GUI?

Answer 23

The MAC

Question 24

Who was the guy that develoepd the BIg Bang of the World Wide Web

Answer 24

TIm Berners-Lee who thought about using HTTP to send requests and HTML to return restults. allowed for stuff to be communicated between machines. Gave it away

Question 25

Who built the first web browser

Answer 25

Mark Andressen built it. CAlled it Mosaic which became Netscape. Promptly killed by Explorer

Question 26

Describe the diff parts of the web address | http://www.nytimes.com/tech/index.html

Answer 26

http:// is the Application transfer protocol www. is the host name nytimes is the domain name .com indicated the type of top level domain tech is the path index.html is the file

Question 27

What are the parts of the web address that are case sensitive

Answer 27

the path and the file

Question 28

What is HTTP

Answer 28

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol that allows browsers and servers to communicate

Question 29

What does the domain represent

Answer 29

the name of an organization

Question 30

what does the host refer to

Answer 30

the public services availiable by the organization

Question 31

What does the path do?

Answer 31

maps to the folder location where the desired file is stored

Question 32

What is the Domain Name System & who manages it

Answer 32

a system of nameservers that converts user friendly names into public IP addresses managed by ICANN's 13 root servers with lists of IP addresses of servers

Question 33

what does the cache do?

Answer 33

stores the Ip address of recently visited domains so that a trip to the name server can be avoided

Question 34

What are the two kinds of IP addresses

Answer 34

Unique Public ones used on the internet that are assigned by ICANN & Orivate ones assigned by the company operating the network

Question 35

What does DHCP stand for and what does it do? | & give example

Answer 35

Dynamic Host COnfiguration Protocol distributes temporary IP addresses to computers while a computer is operating on a given LAN, IP address surrendered when you leave the LAN. McCombs lends an IP using DHCP and then gets it bck when device leaves

Question 36

What does URL stand for

Answer 36

Uniform Resource Locator. Its a document's webaddress

Question 37

What are the two factors that create a robust network

Answer 37

load balancing (distributes workload over multiple systems) and resulting fault tolerance

Question 38

What is Cybersquatting

Answer 38

acquiring a domain name that refers to a firm, individual, or trademark in hopes of exhorting personal gain

Question 39

what is VoIP

Answer 39

voice over the internet that uses packet switchign instead of the dedicated line

Question 40

What are the two different types of 3G and which ISPs use them

Answer 40

GSM used by ATT & the rest of the world | CDMA is used by Verizon and can't support voice and data at the same time

Question 41

what is a firwall and what does it do

Answer 41

can be etiher a while computer or just a program. usually multiple layers of firewall at the machine and network levels. prevents bad stuff from coming in or going out

Question 42

What is the ACL and what does it do

Answer 42

Access Control List has rules that determine which packets are allowed or prohibited

Question 43

What does VPN stand for and what does it do?

Answer 43

uses the internet to create the illusion of point to point connections creates tunnels

Question 44

What is a tunnel

Answer 44

Client and SErver have a point to point connection called tunnel that is a private pathway over a shared network allowing for secure encrypted communications

Question 45

What is PPTP

Answer 45

Point to Point Tunneling Protocol

Question 46

What are the two sides of the Net Neutrality debate

Answer 46

ISPs want to have a tiered service where you pay for what you use (metered style) and Internet Startups and innovators say they want all users to be treated equally on the internet to protect startups and innovation

Question 47

What is ICANN

Answer 47

the nonprofit org that controlls domain names

Question 48

What is the new and old style of IP addres

Answer 48

IPv4 is running out of combos so IPv6 is starting to replace it

Question 49

What is Amdahl's LAw

Answer 49

speed is determined by the slowest component