Internet Security Flashcards
Why do we need network security?
To prevent unauthorised access to our electronic devices and to protect our data.
What is the role of a firewall?
A firewall prevents unauthorised access to a network and is the first line of defence for a network.
What does static packet filtering involve?
Monitoring and inspecting incoming packets, checking packet headers including source and destination IP addresses, ports, and protocols.
What is the difference between static packet filtering and stateful inspection?
Static packet filtering examines only the header, while stateful inspection monitors both outgoing and incoming packets and considers the connection’s state.
What is a proxy server?
A server that routes traffic between the LAN and the internet, hiding the IP address of devices on the LAN.
What is the purpose of encryption?
To garble sensitive data so that it is unreadable to anyone without the key if intercepted.
What is symmetric encryption?
A form of encryption where both the sender and receiver use the same key to encrypt and decrypt data.
In asymmetric encryption, what is used to encrypt and decrypt data?
A different key is used for encryption and decryption.
What is a digital signature?
A method of verifying that a message has been sent from the correct source.
What is a digital certificate?
A verification tool issued by certification authorities containing information about the owner, the public key, and the digital signature of the issuing body.
What is malware?
Malicious software designed to damage, disrupt, or take control of computer systems.
What is a Trojan software?
Malware that pretends to be legitimate software to gain access to a computer.
How do computer viruses replicate?
They replicate themselves and can transfer from one computer to another, often activated by user actions.
What distinguishes worms from viruses?
Worms spread automatically without human intervention, while viruses require user activation.
What is SQL injection?
A method of hacking into databases by entering malicious input to access or modify data without authorization.
What is buffer overflow?
A method where a hacker overwrites memory locations to place malware.
What is the function of antivirus software?
To detect, quarantine, and remove known malware from a computer system.
What does quarantine mean in the context of antivirus software?
Isolating affected files so they cannot infect the computer system.
Why is it important to regularly update antivirus software?
To keep up with new viruses that are continuously being developed.
Fill in the blank: A firewall acts as the _______ line of defence for a network.
first
True or False: In symmetric encryption, different keys are used for encryption and decryption.
False
Fill in the blank: _______ is short for malicious software.
Malware
