Intoxication

Question 1

types of hazardous toxic material

Answer 1

Hydraullic Oil

Fuels

Anti-icing

fire distinguishers

cabin plastic

solvents/degreasers

exhaust gas

batteries

composite materials

Question 2

how to protect from hazardous materials

Answer 2

avoid them

wear protective gear

wash them off if in contact

In flight, put on 100% oxygen, ventilate cabin, decscend, land and evactuate

Question 3

hydraullic oils

Answer 3

contain toxic chemicals for the skin. Wash them off.

Question 4

fuels

Answer 4

toxic to skin

gases can cause drowsiness and dizziness

carcinogenic gases

Question 5

anti icing

Answer 5

can affect the central nervous system, kindeys and heart

Question 6

fire extinguisher

Answer 6

can be toxic if used in confined place without breathing apparatus because of ‘BCF/Halon’

Question 7

batteries

Answer 7

has hydrochloric acid damaging to human tissue. need lots of water to wash it off

Question 8

exhaust gases

Answer 8

has carbon monoxide

Question 9

solvents and de greasers

Answer 9

fumes and chemicals that are toxic

Question 10

cabin plastic

Answer 10

fumes/cyanide etc that are released when burnt

Question 11

electiral insulation

Answer 11

when burnt, release toxic fumes

Question 12

composite materials

Answer 12

contain fiberglass, etc that when broken, they release tiny materials that are easiy enhaled and bring on asbestosis - type symptoms

Question 13

what is the definition of intoxication

Answer 13

temporary and reversable effects of a substance on the body and brain.

Question 14

what are the 3 main ones

Answer 14

caffeine

nicotine

alcohol

Question 15

Effects:

Answer 15

stroke

heart attack

cancer (larynx, mouth, throat, pancreas)

lung disease

emphysema (shortness of breath)

Question 16

How does nicotine work

Answer 16

it’s a stimulant at low doses (helps concentrate, improves memory and arousal)..

and it’s a relaxant at high dosage (sedative)

nitcotine isn’t a carcinogenic but can hinder hte body’s ability to get rid of mutant cells

Question 17

effect of tobacco

Answer 17

contains: carbon monoxide & cyanide -

reduce elasticity of alveoli and clogs its surface, so oxygen doesn’t diffuse properly into the blood

increase illness due to reduce immunity

bind to the blood cells and reduce oxygen binding - hypoxia

narroiwn of blood vessels/increase vescosity of the blood - increase stroke risk

**less tollerance to g- force
**

affect cell division in the heart, altering the heart shape

Question 18

caffeine

Answer 18

**physcoactive stimulant that acts on the central nervous system - increases alertness, wakefulness, improves muscle coordination

it’s also a vasodilator - relaxes blood vessels whicn can increase uptake of medicine.

Question 19

how much is an overdose

Answer 19

150-250 mg/day is moderate

300 - 400 mg is excessive

600-750 ms is caffeinsim

1000 mg is toxic

Question 20

dark chocolate

Answer 20

30 g has 20mg of caffeine

Question 21

symptoms

Answer 21

jitters
increased heart rate/rapid heart beat
reslessness
excessive urination
nervousness
insomnia

severe overdose:
mania, delusions, depression

Question 22

Alcohol

Answer 22

Also a physcoactive drug but..

it’s a depressant

affects central nervouse system and inner ear (balance)

alters ‘consciousness’

absorbed from stomach/intestine quickly into the blood

Question 23

doses of alcohol

Answer 23

it can degrade performance at 0.04%

can be fatal at 0.4%

pilots can have 0.02% max (20mg/100 ml blood) whenever performing any duty in aviation

however, pilots should not drink 24 hours prior to flying.

Question 24

effects

Answer 24

in mild doses:
relaxtion, euphoria, sense of well being

in moderate doses:
reduce inhibition, over confidence, impulusive, imparied judgement

in slightly high doses:
drowsiness, delayed reaction , sedative

in very high dosage
unconsciousness , death, emotional instability

in high altitude, effects are worse to less oxygen

Question 25

alchohol and drugs

Answer 25

when mixed, can cause adverse effects

Question 26

alcohol and sleep

Answer 26

in low doses, alcohol can increase your sleep time and decrease wakefulness.

however, you get less REM

this will lead to sleep deprevation, chronic fatigue, irritability, memory loss

sleeping will not speed removal of alchol from body (in fact, it slows it down)

Question 27

alcohol and hypoxia

Answer 27

alcohol reduces the tolerance to mild hypoxia conditions

Question 28

chronic alcohol abuse

Answer 28

effects the inner ear & balance
scarring of the iver
inflamation of pancreas
epilipesy
dementia
peripheral nerve damage
malnutrition
sexual disfunction
death
alcholism

Question 29

Alcoholism

Answer 29

alcohol dependency

increased tolerance to alcohol

Question 30

initial warning symptons

Answer 30

gulping 1st drink

needing it to feel good

feeling guilt after drinking

irritable if people confront you about drinking

drinking well after everyone is done

Question 31

full blown alcoholism

Answer 31

drinking alone secretely or after a night of socializing

loss of memory from binge drinking

constantly thinking about the next drink

concealing the amount you drink from others

prefer drinking over a meal

drinking in the morning

morning after shakes

drinking even knowing it’s bad for you

can’t control the intake, can’t admit or cknoweledge the problem

Question 32

u if you suspect a pilot is drunk before a flight

Answer 32

first you ask the person to not fly and to seek assitance…

if this doesn’t work, you must report it

Question 33

alcohol unit

Answer 33

1 unit = 10 ml

Question 34

how long does it take to eliminate 1 unit

Answer 34

1 unit (10ml) takes 15 - 45 min to eliminate

or

0.1-0.15 mille per hour

REGULATIONS
Easa regulation states 0.2 per mill is national limit (0.02%) at the start of the flight duty

no alchol should be consumed 8 hrs prioro to reporting time for duty or the commencement of standby

No acohol to be consumed during the flight duty period or on standby

Operators generally go with 0.0 per mill

Question 35

what helps the body eliminate it

Answer 35

mainly metabolism

Question 36

when can a pilot fly if drank

Answer 36

for a small amount, minimum 8 hrs

Question 37

which characteristics are factors in development of alcoholism

Answer 37

genetic factors
(twins, having addicted parents,levels of dopamine released)

calming effects

access to cheap alcohol

socio-cultural background

Question 38

breathing fumes (fume event) may cause

Answer 38

dissiness, headache, disorientation
shortness of breath
nausea/vomit
blue lips and nails (cyanide) from hypoxia
fatigue
cought/dyspnae

blackout is not a result of fume event

Question 39

black out is caused by

Answer 39

positive g force

Question 40

which toxins cause issues if not contained

Answer 40

hydrollic (cause blindness and skin damanage)
fuel (cancer causing)

engine oil (least harmful)

Question 41

electric short circuit and smouldering fire in electronics bacy can cause

Answer 41

headache
cough/breathing issues
nausea / vomit

Question 42

fume event happens whn

Answer 42

• burning interior
• toxic fumes from dangerous goods in luggage/passenger cabing
• smouldering fires from electric systems short ciruits, burning cigarettes, etc)
• Air conditioning system (anti-cice fluid sprayed into fresh air inlets, lubricating/hydraulic fluid leeking into it because of damaged pumps, system failure releasing hot, unmixed bleed air into AC ducts)

**what doesn’t cause it - **
overheating breaks can cause fire but happens outside the cabins so no exposure to fumes

Engine and APU fires are detected before components melt

Question 43

what can cause dangerous fumes when released during a fire on the plane

Answer 43

cabin furnishing when burnt.

hyraulic fluid second

What doesn’t??
fire distinguisher, anti-ice fuild are not the ‘cause’ of fumes during a fire)