Intro

Question 1

What is the highest level of structural organization in the body?

Answer 1

Organism

Question 2

What are systems formed of?

Answer 2

Group of organs that perform complementary functions

Question 3

What are organs formed of?

Answer 3

Several different tissues arranged together to perform specific function

Question 4

What are tissues formed of?

Answer 4

Group of cells with similar structure and function

Question 5

What is the smallest living unit of the body?

Answer 5

Cell

Question 6

What are the main components of a cell?

Answer 6

Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

Question 7

What is the structure of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

Answer 7

Bilayer with hydrophilic part on the surface and hydrophobic part inwards

Question 8

What are the two types of proteins in the cell membrane?

Answer 8

• Integral proteins
• Surface proteins

Question 9

What do integral proteins do?

Answer 9

Occupy the whole thickness of the cell membrane

Question 10

What do surface proteins include?

Answer 10

• Receptors
• Enzymes

Question 11

Where are carbohydrates found in the cell membrane?

Answer 11

Mainly on the outer surface of the cell membrane

Question 12

What is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 12

Synthesizes protein

Question 13

What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 13

Synthesizes lipid

Question 14

What does the Golgi apparatus do?

Answer 14

Packs secretory vesicles

Question 15

Where is energy generated in the cell?

Answer 15

Mitochondria

Question 16

What do lysosomes contain?

Answer 16

Hydrolytic enzymes that break down many molecules

Question 17

What does the nucleus contain?

Answer 17

Genetic information that controls cell structure & activity

Question 18

What is passive transport?

Answer 18

Movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration without energy

Question 19

What is simple diffusion?

Answer 19

Small lipid soluble and small water soluble molecules pass through the membrane

Question 20

What is facilitated diffusion?

Answer 20

Large molecules pass by aid of a protein carrier

Question 21

What is active transport?

Answer 21

Movement of molecules from low concentration to high concentration against concentration gradient, requiring energy

Question 22

What is vesicular transport?

Answer 22

• Endocytosis
• Exocytosis

Question 23

What is endocytosis?

Answer 23

Engulfing material with cell membrane to bring it into the cell

Question 24

What is exocytosis?

Answer 24

Movement of material from inside to outside the cell

Question 25

What percentage of body weight is total body water (TBW)?

Answer 25

60%

Question 26

What percentage of body weight does intracellular fluid (ICF) account for?

Answer 26

40%

Question 27

What is the main cation in intracellular fluid (ICF)?

Answer 27

K+

Question 28

What percentage of body weight does extracellular fluid (ECF) account for?

Answer 28

20%

Question 29

What is the main cation in extracellular fluid (ECF)?

Answer 29

Na+

Question 30

What are the two components of extracellular fluid (ECF)?

Answer 30

* Interstitial fluid: 15% of body weight * Plasma: 5% of body weight

Question 31

What does homeostasis mean?

Answer 31

Maintenance of nearly constant internal environment of the body despite changes in the external environment

Question 32

Life span of platelets :

Answer 32

10 days

Question 33

Give rise to neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils & monocytes :

Answer 33

Myeloid stem cells

Question 34

Give rise to lymphocytes :

Answer 34

Lymphoid stem cells

Question 35

Platelets count :

Answer 35

150000 - 450000/ mm3

Question 36

Platelets are formed in bone marrow from large precursor called :

Answer 36

Megakaryocytes