Intro/How were Made

Question 1

Define Anatomy and Physiology

Answer 1

Anatomy - study of form and structure
Physiology - Study of function

Question 2

define cytology and histology

Answer 2

Cytology - study of cells
Histology - study of tissues

Question 3

What tissues is the body made of (4)

Answer 3

Epithelial, Neural, Muscle and Connective

Question 4

List different types of anatomy and what they study

Answer 4

Systemic - organ systems
Developmental - how the body changes over time
Clinical - medical specialties

Question 5

Classification of humans

Answer 5

Kingdom - anamalia
Phylum - chordata
Class - mamalia
Order - primates
Family - Hominidae
Genus - homo
Species - Sapiens

Question 6

Different types of physiology

Answer 6

Cell - how cell responds to environment
Organ - how organs work
Exercise - effect of exercise on systems
Systemic - functions of organ systems
Pathophysiology - effects of disease

Question 7

List levels of organization

Answer 7

Chemical, cellular, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms

Question 8

What are the body planes?

Answer 8

Frontal, sagittal, transverse

Question 9

What are the true cavities? (4)

Answer 9

Right and left pleural cavities, peritoneal cavity, pericardium cavity

Question 10

What is above the Pericardial cavity that contains esophagus, trachea and major vessels?

Answer 10

Mediastinum

Question 11

What are the parts of a serous membrane and where are they?

Answer 11

Visceral part - touching organ
Cavity - contains serous fluid
Parietal part - Lines cavity

Question 12

What is epithelial tissue and an example

Answer 12

Lines glands, controls entrance and exit, produces serous fluid
Ex. Skin

Question 13

What is connective tissue + example

Answer 13

Contains extra cellular protein fibres and ground substance to create the matrix
Structural framework, protection, connects, transports, stores energy
Connective tissue proper - loose and dense
Fluid - blood and lymph
Supportive - bone and lymph

Question 14

Types of muscles

Answer 14

Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth

Question 15

Function of neural system

Answer 15

Rapid communication around body

Question 16

Functions of skeletal system (5)

Answer 16

support, storage of minerals and lipids, Blood cell production, protection, leverage

Question 17

List 6 types of bones

Answer 17

Sutural, flat, short, long, irregular, sesamoid

Question 18

What are the rounded processes? Describe and show example

Answer 18

Trochanter - large rough projection where large muscles attach ex. proximal end of fever where quad attaches
Tubercule - small rounded projection ex. shoulder
Tuberosity - rough projection (smallest)

Question 19

What are the elongated processes? Examples

Answer 19

Crest - prominent ridge ex. hips
Spine - pointed process ex. front of hips
Line/linea - low ridge ex. posterior side of femur

Question 20

What are the depressions? (2)

Answer 20

Sulcus/groove - narrow groove between processes
Fossa - shallow depression

Question 21

What are the openings in bones? (2)

Answer 21

Foramen - to allow nerves or blood vessels to pass through
Sinus - chamber within bone, normally filled with air

Question 22

Describe smooth muscles

Answer 22

non striated
walls of blood vessels, digestive tract
change diameter of tracts

Question 23

Describe cardiac muscles

Answer 23

only found in heart
circulates blood, maintains blood pressure
interconnected by intercalated disks for rapid communication

Question 24

describe skeletal muscles

Answer 24

attach to bone
voluntary (and involuntary) control
multiple nuclei

Question 25

6 functions of muscular system

Answer 25

1. Produce skeletal movement
2. maintain posture and balance
3. support soft tissue
4. guard entrances and exits
5. maintain body temperature
6. store nutrient reserves

Question 26

what are the four muscle arrangements?

Answer 26

parallel, convergent, pennate, circular

Question 27

What is the difference between monoarticulate and biarticulate?

Answer 27

Mono means the muscle crosses one joint while bi means it crosses 2

Question 28

What are the 3 sections of vertebra and how many are in each?

Answer 28

Cervical - 7
thoracic - 12
lumbar - 5