Intro to ballistics

Question 1

study of the motion of the projectiles.

Answer 1

Ballistics

Question 2

greek word Ballo or Ballein which means

Answer 2

to throw

Question 3

Roman war machine Ballista,

Answer 3

gigantic bow or catapult

Question 4

systematized body of knowledge.

Answer 4

Science

Question 5

refers to the bullet/slug/ball/pellet/flechette that passes through the barrel of FA.

Answer 5

Projectile

Question 6

is the science of firearms identification by means of the ammunition fired through them.

Answer 6

Forensic Ballistics

Question 7

as applied to ballistics or to any other subjects suggests a relationship to a court of justice and legal proceedings

Answer 7

Forensic

Question 8

Derived from the Latin word Forensis which means_______that means “a public/market place, wherein people gathered for discussion of a subject in issue.

Answer 8

Forum

Question 9

movement of projectile inside and outside barrel.

Answer 9

Motion

Question 10

Kinds of Motion:

Answer 10

1. Direct motion
2. Rotary motion
3. Translational motion

Question 11

the forward movement of projectile with the action of expansive force of gases.

Answer 11

Direct motion

Question 12

the turning of bullet inside and outside barrel with the action of the rifling

Answer 12

Rotary motion

Question 13

the movement of projectile after hitting the target.

Answer 13

Translational motion

Question 14

Interior Ballistics

Answer 14

• Also called Internal Ballistics
• Study of projectile while still inside the barrel
• From Breech to the Muzzle of barrel

Question 15

Processes included in the study of Interior Ballistics:

Answer 15

1. Firing pin hits the primer
2. Ignition of priming mixture
3. Combustion of gun powder
4. Expansion of the heated gas in the chamber
5. Pressure will be developed (pounds per square inch)
6. Energy generated (foot pound)
7. Recoil of the firearm
8. Velocity of bullet inside the barrel (feet per second)
9. Rotating of the bullet inside the barrel.
10. Engraving of the cylindrical surface of bullet

Question 16

Defects in FA that cause Misfire:

Answer 16

1. Broken firing pin
2. Loose firing pin
3. Lacking length in firing pin (especially homemade guns)

Question 17

failure of cartridge to explode

Answer 17

Misfire

Question 18

Probable defects in the contents of Primer Cup

Answer 18

1. Wet priming mixture
2. Anvil is not properly fixed (slanting position)
3. No vent or flash hole (factory defect)
4. No priming mixture (factory defect)

Question 19

is the delay of explosion

Answer 19

Hangfire

Question 20

Combustion of gunpowder

Answer 20

A.Primer crushed the priming mixture against the anvil
B.Ignition of priming mixture and primer flash
C.Enters the vent or canal
D.Primer flash ignites the gunpowder and combustion happens.

Question 21

Note:

Answer 21

1. If priming mixture is defective, no explosion.
2. If priming mixture is live and gunpowder is defective or wet, only the priming mixture will explode. This results to slow exit of bullet in the barrel or stock-up. Backfire & Barrel Breakage may happen if there is stock-up.
3. To propel the bullet, priming mixture and gunpowder must explode simultaneously.

Question 22

Individual Characteristics found in the Chamber:

Answer 22

Irregularities
Scratches
Roughness
imperfection

Question 23

created during manufacture such as spiral cutting of the grooves

Answer 23

Irregularities

Question 24

caused by tools used in the manufacture of the chamber.

Answer 24

Scratches

Question 25

not polished well

Answer 25

Roughness

Question 26

caused by the drill blade and is beyond the control of a man.

Answer 26

imperfection

Question 27

The gas expands in different directions that tends the bullet and shell to separate. The shell due to its tremendous pressure inside will also expand towards the wall of the chamber by force. This causes Chamber markings, causing individual characteristics.

Answer 27

Expansion of the heated gas in the chamber

Question 28

When a heated gas created by the burning gunpowder is developed, a tremendous pressure is produced in the chamber of the FA.

Answer 28

Pressure will be developed

Question 29

the chamber pressure is 46,000 per square inch (psi)

Answer 29

Caliber .357

Question 30

occurs when shell is separated from the bullet, the shell will be push back to the breechface leaving such marks.

Answer 30

Breechface Marks

Question 31

refers to the fatal equivalent of a bullet. is comparable to- “Imagine a person falls from the 9th floor of a Building. Imagine the Impact on the ground.”

Answer 31

ENERGY

Question 32

In horizontal flight of bullet, most FAs have _______ that cause the target person to be thrown on the ground or falls down.

Answer 32

knocking effect

Question 33

is the rearward movement of the gun caused by equal and opposite reaction of the gun against the forward movement of the bullet after the explosion.

Answer 33

Recoil

Question 34

in every action, there is corresponding opposite reaction.

Answer 34

Kinetic energy principle

Question 35

gadget that is attached to the muzzle of the gun to reduce recoil.

Answer 35

Compensator/ Muzzle brake

Question 36

The speed of bullet inside the barrel depends on the ______ inside the shell.

Answer 36

amount of gunpowder

Question 37

is used to load the proper amount of gunpowder in every ammunition

Answer 37

Ballistics Data

Question 38

This happens only to_________ This has gyroscopic stability.

Answer 38

Rifled-bore Barrels.

Question 39

In _________, the bullet will just move forward with no gyroscopic stability.

Answer 39

Smooth-bore Barrel

Question 40

the stability of the bullet within the effective range due to the twist of the rifling.

Answer 40

Gyroscopic Stability

Question 41

refers to the metal strips left by bullet inside. These could be removed with the use of steel brush.

Answer 41

Metal fowl

Question 42

a lubricant substance used to prevent the adherence of Metal fowl.

Answer 42

Graphite

Question 43

(External )- from after leaving the muzzle to before immediately hitting the target.

Answer 43

Exterior Ballistics

Question 44

noise or sound created at the muzzle

Answer 44

Muzzle blast

Question 45

the energy generated at the muzzle

Answer 45

Muzzle energy

Question 46

the actual curve path of the bullet

Answer 46

Trajectory

Question 47

Stages of trajectory:

Answer 47

a. Straight horizontal line b. Parabola like flight c. Vertical drop

Question 48

between muzzle and target

Answer 48

Range

Question 49

Kinds of Range:

Answer 49

A.Effective / accurate range | B.Maximum range -

Question 50

- distance at which the bullet is expected to be lethal.

Answer 50

Effective / accurate range

Question 51

maximum distance a projectile can reach.

Answer 51

Maximum range

Question 52

rate of the speed of the bullet (feet per second)

Answer 52

Velocity

Question 53

the capacity of the bullet to resist air during its flight from the muzzle of the gun.

Answer 53

Air resistance

Question 54

the dragging of the bullet downward due to air resistance.

Answer 54

Aerodynamic drag

Question 55

the deceleration of bullet on flight due to gravity

Answer 55

Ballistic pendulum

Question 56

allows a body at rest to remain at rest or body in motion to remain in motion

Answer 56

Inertia

Question 57

the unstable movement of bullet on flight such as wobbling (Tail wag) or tumbling of bullet before hitting target.

Answer 57

Yawing

Question 58

caused by yawing of bullet resulting to hitting of target sideways resulting to oval-like entry of bullet.

Answer 58

Keyhole shot

Question 59

the downward movement of the bullet after reaching its maximum range.

Answer 59

Pull of gravity

Question 60

the entry of the bullet in the target.

Answer 60

Penetration

Question 61

the bouncing of a projectile after hitting a surface.

Answer 61

Ricochet