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Year 3 Random MOD > Intro to Dermatology > Flashcards

Intro to Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 most common clinical signs at presentation of dermatological consultations: DOGS

A
  1. most common = pruritus
  2. Swellings
  3. Otitis
  4. Alopecia

(added to Stephen’s lecture = pruritus, alopecia, crusting, scale, nodules)

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2
Q

What are the 4 most common clinical signs at presentation of dermatological consultations: CATS

A
  1. most common = Swellings
  2. Pruritis/ otitis
  3. Alopecia

(added to Stephen’s lecture = pruritus, alopecia, crusting, scale, nodules)

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3
Q

What are the most common causes of presenting dermatological problems? DOGS

A

Most common =

Bacterial infection, neoplastic, parasitic

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4
Q

What are the most common causes of presenting dermatological problems? CATS

A

Most common = bacterial infection, parasitic

Anal sac disease

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5
Q

6 differences between cats and dogs in dermatological cases

A
  1. 2ndry bacterial skin infections much more common in dogs
  2. Cat bite abscess is the most common feline infection
  3. Primary infections e.g., dermatophytosis or viral are uncommon, but more common in cats than dogs
  4. Endocrinopathies are rare in cats although more common in dogs
  5. Neoplasia more common in dogs
  6. Parasites and allergy are common in both
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6
Q

List of common pitfalls in dermatological cases

A
  1. Disregarding history
  2. Failure to appreciate clinical signs
  3. Not taking a logical, problem oriented approach
  4. Errors in taking diagnostic samples
  5. Errors in allergy testing (it is not a diagnostic test)
  6. Errors in interpreting results
  7. Errors in therapy
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7
Q

What signalment do we need to consider when taking dermatological history

A 
Age
Breed
sex
Coat colour
Weight (change)- 
hyperthyroidism = gain
Affected relatives
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8
Q

What signalment is an important factor for the start of disease?

A

AGE

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9
Q

List some diseases and at what age we commonly see it starting

A
  1. Non-food induced atopic dermatitis - 75% cases between 6 months and 3 years. Most by 6
  2. <1 year = Parasites, congenital, food induced atopic dermatitis
  3. ADult = immune mediated, endocrine, food induced atopic dermatitis
  4. Elderly -
    Neoplastic, metabolic, food indced atopic dermatiits
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10
Q

Some breeds are more prone to issues….

A

Brachy

Westie predisposed to atopic dermatitis, demodicosis and Ichthyosis

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11
Q

Intact male dogs more likely to get….

A

Sertoli cell tumours causing endocrine alopecia

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12
Q

What animals are more likely to get squamous cell carcinoma?

A

UV light induced
De-pigmentated skin
White hair coats
Sparsely haired region

Dilute breeds
e.g. White haired cat with squamous cell carcinoma on sparsely haired light coloured skin (ears and nose)

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13
Q

What are some chronic dermatological diseases caused by

A

allergy
metabolic
endocrine
neoplastic

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14
Q

What are some acute dermatological diseases

A

parasites
infectious
immune-mediated
hypersensitivity

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15
Q

Dermatological history: duration is significant….
If a condition is Waxing and waning what are on your ddx?
What about if
Progressive

What about if intermittent

A

Waxing and waning=
allergic
immune-mediated

Progressive=
metabolic
endocrine
neoplastic

Intermittent =
parasites
infections
allergy (seasonal)

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16
Q

‘A rash that itches’ or ‘An itch that rashes’?

A

e.g., the primary clinical sign of atopic dermatitis is itch

Atopic dermatitis = itch first- pruritis first then lesion after

17
Q

What are indications animal is itchy

A

scratch, bite, lick, chew, nibble, shake, rub, flap ears, ‘scoot’, licking, nibbling

18
Q

Distribution of itch should mak you think…..

dorso-lumbar =

A

e. g., dorso-lumbar  fleas

e. g., feet, face, ear pinnae, ventrum +/- perineum  atopic dermatitis

19
Q

How do we measure pruritis ?

A

Visual analogue scale (VAS)

20
Q

Seasonality

spring-summer

late summer

A

Spring – summer
e.g., atopic dermatitis
most start seasonal
seasonal flare

Late summer – autumn
harvest mites
cow pox virus

21
Q

Visual analogue scale

A

a subjective measure of pruritus

0-10 10 being extreme 0 being normal dog

22
Q

If animal recently travelled abroad what skin things do you need to consider?

A

leishmaniasis, babesia, erhlichia, dirofilaria

Year 3 Random MOD (18 decks)

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