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MYCV311 > INTRO TO MYCO > Flashcards

INTRO TO MYCO Flashcards

1
Q

protect cells from osmotic shock, determine cell shapes, and have components that are antigenic

A

cell wall

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2
Q

the cell wall of fungi is composed of

A

chitin with glucans and mannose

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3
Q

antifungal targets chitin

A

caspofingin

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4
Q

antifungals target ergosterol

A

Imidazoles, Triazoles, and Polyenes

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5
Q

temperature to be a yeast

A

35-37

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6
Q

temperature to be a mold

A

25-30

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7
Q

simplest type of fungus =
unicellular budding round tooval shaped

A

yeast

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8
Q

produced by budding

A

blastoconidia

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9
Q

Elongation of the cell =
produces a tubular

A

molds

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10
Q

thread like structure

A

hypha or hyphae

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11
Q

cross walls of
hyphae and occur in the hyphae of the
great majority of the diseasecausing
fungi.

A

septation

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12
Q

lack
regularly occurring cross walls,
multinucleate

A

aseptate

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13
Q

aseptate also called as

A

coenocytic

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14
Q

quite variable in width
with broad branching angles

A

coenocytic

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15
Q

hyphae with sausagelike constrictions at
septations

A

pseudohyphae

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16
Q

formed by some yeasts when they elongate but
remain attached to each other.

A

pseudohyphae

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17
Q

example of pseudohyphae

A

Candida albicans

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18
Q

capable of converting from a yeast or
yeastlike form to a filamentous form and vice versa

A

dimorphic fungi or thermally dimorphic fungi

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19
Q

can tolerate changes in chemicals

A

chemotrophic

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20
Q

spore reproduction / reproductive part

A

aerial mycelium

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21
Q

molds or filamentous fungi

A

mycelia

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22
Q

asexual spore

A

conidia

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23
Q

fungal spore

A

sexual process. formed either asexually or by a sexual process involving nuclear fusion and then
meiosis. Fungal spores may be used in identification

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24
Q

blast

A

buds

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25
Q

blastoconidia

A

new yeast buds

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26
Q

arthroconidia

A

laying down joints in hyphae followed by fragmentation

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27
Q

can live on dead organic materials

A

saprobe

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28
Q

live in harmony on humans, deriving
their nutrition from compounds on body surfaces.

A

commensal colonizer

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29
Q

mostly dimorphic

infect the healthy but cause more severe disease in
the compromised hosts. The damage to living cells provides
nutrition.

A

pathogen

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30
Q

classification of fungi

A
  • phycomycetes
  • ascomycetes
  • basidiomycetes
  • deuteromycetes
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31
Q

phycomycetes

A

lower fungi

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32
Q

ascomycetes

A

sac fungi

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33
Q

basidiomycetes

A

club fungi

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34
Q

deuteromycetes

A

fungi imperfecti

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35
Q

has no sexual spore

A

deuteromycetes

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36
Q

what are the two asexual process

A
  • budding
  • fission
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37
Q

example of asexual process

A

cryptococcus neoformans

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38
Q

grow partly as yeast
and partly as elongated cells
resembling hyphae

A

pseudomycelium

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39
Q

example of pseudomycelium

A

Candida albicans

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40
Q

Examples of molds

A

Dermatophytes, Aspegillus,
Penicillium, Mucor and Rhizopus.

41
Q

example of Dimorphic fungi

A

Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomyces dermatitidis

42
Q

types of spore

A
  • zygospore
  • oospore
  • ascospore
  • basidiospore
43
Q

produced from the fusion of two identical hyphae

A

zygospore

44
Q

produced from fission of two different hyphae

A

oospore

45
Q

spore contain in a sac like ascus

A

ascosporee

46
Q

spores contained in a club shaped structure basidium

A

basidiospore

47
Q

fanlike conidium

A

aspergillus

48
Q

balloon-like

A

sporandio

49
Q

Formerly
Zygomycetes

A

mucormycetes

50
Q

example of Basidiomycetes

A

mushroom

51
Q

formed by fusion of cells and
meiosis as in all forms of higher
life

A

sexual spore

52
Q

are produced by mitosis. May be
vegetative spores or aerial spores

A

asexual spore

53
Q

formed by budding from parent cell, as in
yeasts

A

blastospore

54
Q

formed by the production of cross septa
into hyphae resulting in rectangular thickwalled spores.

A

arthrospore

55
Q

thick walled resting spores developed by
rounding up and thickening of hyphal segments.

A

chlamydospore

56
Q

Spores borne
externally on sides or tips of
hyphae are called

A

conidiospore

57
Q

formed within
the sporangium. They develop on
the ends of hyphae.

A

sporangiospore

58
Q

small and single
- unicellular

A

microconidia

59
Q

large and
septate conidia
- multicellular

A

macroconidia

60
Q

form of the fungus producing sexual
spores

A

teleomorph

61
Q

form producing asexual spores

A

anamorph

62
Q

selffertile

A

homothallic

63
Q

mating types

A

heterothallic

64
Q

saclike structure containing (usually eight)
ascospores developed during sexual reproduction in the
Ascomycetes.

A

ascus

65
Q

spores (reproductive bodies of
a fungus) are formed directly from the vegetative
mycelium or from specialized hyphae.

A

asexual reproduction

66
Q

subcutaneous mycosis often
the result of traumatic inoculation of a dematiaceous
fungus into the skin;

A

chromoblastomycosis

67
Q

a cell or an aseptate hypha containing
numerous nuclei

A

coenocytic

68
Q

a specialized branch of hypha on which
conidia are developed

A

conidiophore

69
Q

pigmented, dark in color, usually gray
to black.

A

Dematiaceous

70
Q

fungi that cause superficial mycoses

A

Dermatophyte

71
Q

ability of some fungi to grow as
either yeast or filamentous stages, depending on
conditions of growth

A

diphasic or dimorphic

72
Q

ability of the fungus to grow on the outside
of a hair shaft.

A

ectothrixic

73
Q

ability of the fungus to grow and
penetrate into the hair shaft.

A

endothrixic

74
Q

derived from internal source

A

endogenous

75
Q

derived from external source

A

exogenous

76
Q

a large class of fungi with septate
hyphae in which the asexual state of reproduction is
but not the sexual state. They are also called
Deuteromycetes and include the majority of medically
significant fungi.

A

fungi imperfecti

77
Q

small projections which arise from cells of
certain yeasts; indicates the onset of hyphal formation

A

germ tube

78
Q

a clinical syndrome of localized, tumorous
lesions in cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues due to
infections, often a foot, with actinomycetes or fungi.

A

mycetoma

79
Q

toxins of fungal origin

A

mycotoxin

80
Q

also called zygospore, a sexual spore
produced through the fusion of two unlike nuclei

A

oospore

81
Q

fungi having sexual and asexual
reproductive stages

A

perfect fungi

82
Q

chain of elongated budding cells
that have failed to detach

A

pseudohyphae

83
Q

term used to describe circular or ringlike
skin lesions produced by dermatophytes

A

ringworm

84
Q

rootlike structures

A

rhizoids

85
Q

any plant organism that obtains
its nourishment from dead organic matter

A

saprobe

86
Q

A tangled mass of hyphae

A

mycelium

87
Q

Fungi which form mycelia

A

molds or filamentous fungi

88
Q

fungi are classified in the phylum ______

A

thallophyta

89
Q

Infection caused by fungus is known as

A

mycosis

90
Q

disrupt the keratin specimen revealing the fungal structure

A

KOH prep or potassiun hydroxide prep

91
Q

most common stain used in wet mount prep

A

LPCB lactophenol cotton blue stain

92
Q

most common in calcofluor white stain

A

fluorescent

93
Q

negative staining

A

india ink

94
Q

vase shaped

A

phialides or phialoconidia

95
Q

bowling pin appearance

A

annelides or anneloconidia

96
Q

transfer specimen.
used two needles

A

tease mount method

97
Q

disadvantage of tease mount

A

can’t observe complete structure because of vigorous procedure

98
Q

for longer viewing

A

slide method or ridell technique

99
Q
A

MYCV311 (10 decks)

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