Intro to Periodic Table and Families of Elements Flashcards
1
Q
Metals have low ionization potential. T/F
A
true
2
Q
Energy needed to remove one electron from an atom
A
ionization potential
3
Q
Non Metals have low electronegativity T/F
A
false. They have high electronegativity thus form anions
4
Q
Members of group 0 elements in increasing atomic size
A
Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, Radon
5
Q
All noble gases are found in the atmosphere except
A
Radon
6
Q
Composition of artificial air
A
20% Oxygen, 80% Helium
7
Q
Noble gas used for advertisement lights
A
neon
8
Q
Most abundant noble gas
A
Argon
9
Q
Substitute inert gas for “N” in pharmaceutical preparations
A
Argon
10
Q
Inert gas by product of fractionation of fractionation of liquid air to oxygen and nitrogen
A
Argon
11
Q
Noble gases that are researched as anesthetics
A
Krypton and Xenon
12
Q
Use of Radon
A
Cancer treatment instead of radium
13
Q
Members of Group 1 Elements
A
IA: Hydrogen, Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium
IB: Copper, Silver, Gold
14
Q
Most reactive group of elements
A
Group 1A
15
Q
Cation of choice for pharmaceutical utility
A
Sodium
16
Q
Sodium salts are contraindicated in what condition
A
Those with Edema
17
Q
Pharmacologic action of lithium
A
for Mania
18
Q
Ammonium ion is isomorphous with
A
Potassium and Rubidium
19
Q
Copper enhances the utilization of what element in the body
A
Iron
20
Q
Copper is found in the respiratory pigment
A
Hemocyanin
21
Q
Use of silver sulfadiazene
A
Treatment of burns
22
Q
Toughened silver nitrate is used as
A
Styptic
23
Q
Gold is indicated in what diseases
A
SLE and RA
24
Q
Gold pharmaceutical preparations
A
Aurothioglucose, Gold Sodium Thiomalate
Auranofin (Oral)
25
Gold toxicity antidote
Dimercaprol
26
Elements of Group 2
IIA: Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Radium
IIB: Zinc, Cadmium, Mercury
27
Most toxic metal
Beryllium
28
Most abundant intracellular cation
Potassium
29
2nd most abundant intracellular cation
Magnesium
30
Most abundant extracellular cation
Sodium
31
2nd most abundant extracellular cation
Calcium
32
Group 2 element which is a natural calcium channel blocker
Magnesium
33
Use of concentrated magnesium sulfate
Anti-inflammatory
34
Use of magnesium sulfate
Anti-convulsant
35
Magnesium toxicity antidote
Calcium gluconate
36
Cation of hydroxyapatite
calcium
37
Most active 2A Element
Barium
38
Use of Barium sulfate
Contrast media
39
use of barium hydroxide lime
carbond dioxide absorber
40
Antidote fore barium poisoning
Magnesium sulfate
41
Zinc is an essential component for this enzyme
Carbonic anhydrase
42
Zinc toxicity antidote
Sodium bicarbonate
43
Cadmium toxicity (other name)
Itai-itai
44
Cadmium sulfate is used as
Topical astringent and for eye infections
45
Cadmium sulfide is used for
seborrheic dermatitis
46
Best antidote for mercury poisoning especially the bichloride salt
Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate
47
May be used immediately in mercury poisoning
Egg albumen (1 egg per 250mg of chloride salt of mercury)
48
Group 3 Elements
Boron, Aluminum, Gallium, Indium Thallium
49
Most abundant metal
Aluminium
50
3rd most abundant element
Aluminum
51
Lowest melting point of all metals
Gallium
52
Melting point of Gallium
29.75 C
53
Gallium is indicated for what disease
Cancer related hypercalcemia
54
Gallium binds to what transport protein
Transferrin
55
Thallium is similar to what element
Arsenic
56
Elements of Group IV
Carbon, Silicon, Geranium, Tin, Zirconium
57
Obtained from ligneous material, underwent carbonization without air and heated to increase porosity and surface area
Activated Charcoal
58
Forms of activated charcoal
Finely powdered and Coarse
59
Use of coarse activated charcoal
gas absorption
60
Use of finely powdered activated charcoal
liquid media pharmaceuticals and for diarrhea
61
Second most abundant element
Silicon
62
Siliceous Earth other names
Diatomaceous earth
Fuller's Earth
Kieselguhr
Celite
63
Inhalation of less than 5 um particles of silica
Silicosis
64
Use of Kaolin in pharmaceutical preparations
Clarifying agent
65
3 Clay Minerals
1. Monmorillonite (Bentonites)
2. Kaolin
3. Illites
66
Use of bentonites in pharmaceutical preparations
Suspending agents
67
Most common rocks
Feldspars (KAlSi3O8)
68
Porous rock of volcanic origin
Pumice
69
Vitreous silicate material made by fusing silica and sodium carbonate or calcium carbonate
Glass
70
Use of borates in glass
Improve coefficient of expansion
71
Use of manganese dioxide in glass
Mask the blue-green color imparted by iron usually present in silica
72
Use of potassium in glass
Make glass light resistant
73
Use of Lead in glass
Increases refractive index
74
Most metallic element in group IV
Lead
75
Also known as white pigment
Titanium Dioxide
76
Use of titanium dioxide
Protection of solar rays
77
Soluble salts of titanium dioxide (2+ and 3+ oxidation state) are red or violet in color. They are Oxidizing or Reducing Agents?
Reducing Agents
78
Zirconium with this element can be an antiperspirant
Aluminum
79
Hydrated oxides or carbonates of zirconium in lotion is used for what condition
Contact Dermatitis
80
Oxides of nitrogen and phosphorus are (basic or acidic?)
Acidic
81
Oxides of Arsenic and Antimony are (basic or acidic?)
Amphoteric
82
Oxides of Bismuth are (basic or acidic?)
Basic
83
Percentage of nitrogen in atmosphere
78%
84
Nitrogen preparation as antidote for cyanide poisoning
Sodium Nitrate
85
Nitrites are toxic. Why
Converts Hb to mHb; and Amines and amides to N-Nitroso Derivatives which are carcinogenic
86
Antidote for yellow (white phosphorus) poisoning
Cupric sulfate
87
Which allotrope of phosphorus is flammable in air
Yellow Allotrope of phosphorus; White phosphorus
88
Fowler's Solution
Potassium arsenite solution
89
Use of fowler's solution
Antileukemic
90
Antidote for arsenic poisoning
1. ) Magnesium hydroxide and Ferric salts (ORAL)
| 2. ) Dimercaprol (IM) - for systemic toxicity
91
Bismuth official preparations
Bismuth Subgallate; Milk of Bismuth; Bismuth Subnitrate
92
Bismuth preparation used for peptic ulcer disease
Colloidal Bismuth Subcitrate
93
Use of tartar emetic
Antischistosomiasis
94
Element unaffected by body fluids thus used for surgical repair of bones
Tantalum
95
Oxides of higher oxidation state chalcogens are (basic or acidic?)
Acidic
96
Oxides of lower oxidation state chalcogens are (basic or acidic?)
Basic
97
Percent of oxygen in air
20% (1/5 of air)
98
Use of elemental sulfur
Fungicide
99
Use of sublimed sulfur
Cathartic
100
Use of precipitated sulfur
Scabicide
101
Sulfurated potash composition
Sulfates, Thiosulfates, Potassium Polysulfide
102
Indication of sulfurated potash
Psoriasis
103
Freshly prepared sulfurated potash is filtered and mixed with Zinc Sulfate solution to form?
White Lotion, USP
104
Use of White lotion, USP
Astringent and Protective
105
Use of Selenium sulfide 2.5% Suspension
Anti-dandruff
106
Sulfur containing antidote for cyanide poisoning
Sodium thiosulfate
107
Most electronegative element
Fluorine
108
Fluorine attack all metals at room temperature except
Gold and Platinum
109
Chloride salts are water soluble salts except
Mercurous chloride, Silver chloride and Cuprous
110
Skin exposure to bromine may be treated by:
Sodium bicarbonate and glycerin
111
Pharmacologic action of Bromide ion
CNS Depressant
112
Most metallic halogen
Iodine
113
Pharmacologic action of Iodide ion
Expectorant
114
Antidote for iodine poisoning
Cornstarch and Sodium thiosulfate
115
Resembles iodine but is more metallic
Astatine
116
First element produce artificially
Technetium
117
1st Triad Elements
Iron, Cobalt, Nickel
118
2nd Triad Elements
Ru Rh Pd
119
3rd Triad Elements
Os Ir Pt
120
5 Official Artificial Atmospheres
Oxygen, Helium, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous Oxide, Nitrogen
