Flashcards in Intro & Upper Cervical Deck (72)
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1
At the birth the spine is ______?
completely convex
2
What are the primary curves?
Thoracic and sacral kyphosis
3
What are the secondary curves?
Cervical and lumbar lordosis
4
What is the ideal posture?
Plum line (from: ear, cervical vertebra bodies, shoulder, lumbar vertebral bodies, posterior to hip axis, anterior to knee axis, anterior to lateral malleolus
5
What is the function/ importance of the articular disc?
Shock absorption & prevents bone on bone rubbing
6
Early phase of mouth opening includes
35-50% of ROM
condyle rolls posterior
body of mandible moves post & inferior
7
During early phase there is roll _____ and rotation ______.
roll posteriorly
rotate posteriorly
8
Late phase opening of the mouth includes
(gliding joint)
final 50% ROM
move from rotation to translation
condyle & disc move together
maximal anterior stretch of the disc
9
During late phase there is ______ slide and _______ translation
anterior slide
anterior translation
10
Which vertebrae are the smallest and most mobile?
cervical vertebrae
11
Where is the transverse foramina located?
In the transverse process
12
Which of the cervical vertebrae are irregular?
C1, C2, & C7
13
The primary function of the atlas is _____?
stability of head and allow for 5-15 degrees flexion/extension in the frontal plane.
14
The axis has: _______, ________, _______ and _________
body, pedicle, lamina and spinous process
15
What are the two large masses of the atlas joined by?
Joined by the anterior & posterior arches
16
The superior articular facet of the atlas is concave or convex? What does it articulate with?
concave
articulates with convex occiput
17
The inferior articular facet of the atlas is: slightly_______, faces________ and is sloped ____________.
flat/ slightly concave, faces inferiorly and is sloped downward ~20*
18
The inferior auricular facet of the atlas articulates with what?
Articulates with the superior facet C2
19
Which cervical vertebrae has the largest TP?
atlas
20
What is the key attachment point for several small muscles to control fine movements?
TP of the atlas
21
The superior articular facet of the axis is?
slightly convex
22
What plane is the superior articular facet of the axis located in?
Oriented 20* from horizontal
23
Describe the arthrokinematic rule of the AO joint?
convex on concave
24
What is the primary movement of the AO joint?
flexion/extension (nodding)
25
True/False: The atlas always moves with the head.
True
26
What is the range of motion of the AO joint?
Flexion: 5* +/-
Extension: 10* +/-
(total 15* +/-)
Axial rotation: negligible - 5*
Lateral flexion: 5* +/-
27
For the AA joint the inferior atlantal facet is slightly ________ and the superior axial facet is slightly ______.
concave
convex
28
The primary motion of the AA joint is
rotation
29
Which plane is the AA oriented most closely to?
Horizontal plane
30
