Introduction

Question 0

Jumping genes

Answer 0

Transposons

Question 1

Obligate intracellular but acellular parasites of plants, naked RNA, no human diseases

Answer 1

Viroids

Question 2

Appearance of vacuolated neurons with loss of function and the lack of an immune response or inflammation

Answer 2

Spongiform encephalopathies

Question 3

Smallest bacteria

Answer 3

Mycoplasma sp

Question 4

Largest bacteria

Answer 4

Thiomargarita namibiensis

Question 5

All have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan except

Answer 5

Mycoplasma

Question 7

Outer membrane of gram negative bacteria contains

Answer 7

Endotoxin/LPS

Question 8

Procedure in Gram staining

Answer 8

Primary Stain - Violet
Mordant - Iodine
Decolorizing Agent - Acetone
Counterstain - Safranin

Question 9

Culture for Mycobacteria

Answer 9

Acid Fast Stain

Question 10

Culture for Spirochetes

Answer 10

Dark field Microscopy

Question 11

Culture for Legionella

Answer 11

Silver Stain

Question 12

Culture for Chlamydia and Ricketssia

Answer 12

Gram/Tissue Stain

Inclusion bodies

Question 13

Clostridium perfringens

Answer 13

Egg yolk

Question 14

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Answer 14

Tellurite

Question 15

Group D Strep

Answer 15

Bile esculin

Question 16

Staphylococci

Answer 16

Mannitol salts

Question 17

N meningitidis

N gonorrhoea from sterile sites

Answer 17

Chocolate

Question 18

N gonorrhea from sterile sites

Answer 18

Thayer Martin

Question 19

H influenza

Answer 19

Chocolate + Factor V and X

Question 20

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 20

Lowenstein Jonsen

Question 21

Vibrio cholerae

Answer 21

Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts TCBS

Question 22

Bordetella pertussis

Answer 22

Bordet Gengou

Question 23

Legionella pneumophilia

Answer 23

Charcoal yeast extract

Question 24

Campylobacter, Helicobacter

Answer 24

Skirrows, Campy

Question 25

Borrelia burgdorferi

Answer 25

Barbour Stoenner Kelly

Question 26

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 26

Eaton

Question 27

Pseudomonas aeroginosa

Answer 27

Cetrimide

Question 28

Unique to gram positive organisms, for antigenic deteminant

Answer 28

Techoic acid

Question 29

All gram positive bacteria have NO endotoxin except

Answer 29

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 30

Completely dependent on oxygen for ATP generation

Answer 30

Obligate aerobes

Question 31

Use fermentation but can tolerate low amounts of oxygen

Answer 31

Microaerophiles

Question 32

Utilize oxygen if it is present, but can use fermentation in its absence

Answer 32

Facultative anaerobe

Question 33

Exclusively anaerobic, but insensitive to the presence of oxygen

Answer 33

Aerotolerant anaerobes

Question 34

Cannot grow in the presence of oxygen because they lack the three important enzymes

Answer 34

Obligate anaerobes

Question 35

Degree of organism pahogenecity

Answer 35

Virulence

Question 36

Examples of Obligate Aerobes (9)

Answer 36

``` Nocardia Neisseria Pseudomonas Mycobacteria Bordetella Brucella B cereus Legionella Leptospira ```

Question 37

Examples of Obligate Anaerobes (3)

Answer 37

Actinomyces Bacteroides Clostridium

Question 38

Examples of Facultative Anaerobe (4)

Answer 38

Streptococcus Spirochetes - Borrela, Treponema Campylobacter Helicobacter

Question 39

Bacterial DNA is | Human nuclear DNA is

Answer 39

Circular | Linear

Question 40

All bacteria capsules are composed of polysaccharide except

Answer 40

Bacillus anthracis

Question 41

Spore has keratin like coat called

Answer 41

Dipicolinic acid

Question 42

Enumerate the Three Spirochetes

Answer 42

Leptospira Treponema Borrelia

Question 43

Toxic proteins produced by ceratin bacteria that are lethal for other bacteria

Answer 43

Bacteriocins

Question 44

Aerotolerant anaerobes

Answer 44

Propionibacterium | Lactobacillus

Question 45

Facultative anaerobes

Answer 45

``` Mycoplasma Staphylococcus Bacillus anthracis Listeria Corynebacterium ```

Question 46

Occurs when normal flora occupy receptor sites preventing pathogen from binding

Answer 46

Colonization resistance

Question 47

``` Normal flora in the Skin Nose Mouth Dental plaque Colon (2) Vagina (3) ```

Answer 47

``` Staph epidermidis Staph aureus Viridans strep Strep mutans Bacteroides E coli Lactobacillus acidophilus E coli Strep agalactiae ```

Question 48

Bacteria with IgA Protease (4)

Answer 48

Strep pneumoniae H influenza Neisseria meningitidis Neisseria goborrhoeae

Question 49

Destroys both neutropholic leukocytes and macrophages

Answer 49

Leukocidin | PV Leukocidin in Staph aureus

Question 50

All exotoxins are heat labile except

Answer 50

Staphylococcal enterotoxin

Question 51

Culture for Salmonella and Shigella

Answer 51

Xylose-Lysine-Deoxycholate XLD

Question 52

Culture for Leptospira interrogans

Answer 52

Ellinghausen McCullough Johnson Harris EMJH/MPL1/Fletchers

Question 53

Antibiotics that are excellent with or without inflammation (8)

Answer 53

``` Sulfonamides Chloramphenicol Trimethoprim Metronidazole Rifampin Isoniazid Fluconazole Flucytosine ```

Question 54

Antiobiotics that are good only eit inflammation

Answer 54

``` Meropenem Cephalosporins Aztreonam Ciprofloxacin Vancomycin Imipenem + cilastatin Penicillins ```

Question 55

Antibiotics that are minimal or not good even with inflammation

Answer 55

Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines Lincosamides Macrolides

Question 56

Antibiotics that cannot pass even with inflammation

Answer 56

Polymixins 1st and 2nd Cephalosporins Amphotericin B

Question 57

Largest medically important bacteria

Answer 57

Borrelia burgdorferi