Introduction to Biochemistry

Question 1

The systematic study of living systems, their organization, & their participation in the processes of life

Answer 1

Biochemistry

Question 2

Bio means _?

Answer 2

Life

Question 3

Chemical processes are undergone by_?

Answer 3

The 4 major biomolecules

Question 4

What are the four major biomolecules?

Answer 4

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acid

Question 5

What are the elemental components of carbohydrates?

Answer 5

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 6

What are the elemental components of proteins?

Answer 6

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Question 7

What are the elemental components of nucleic acids?

Answer 7

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

Question 8

Which 2 major biomolecules share the same elemental components?

Answer 8

Carbohydrates and lipids (CHO)

Question 9

What are proteins made out of?

Answer 9

Amino acids

Question 10

What are the two types of amino acids?

Answer 10

Essential and non-essential

Question 11

This type of amino acid cannot be naturally synthesized by the body and therefore has to be obtained through diet.

Answer 11

Essential amino acids

Question 12

What part of the body is made up of proteins?

Answer 12

Everything in the body is made up of proteins

Question 13

This biomolecule is also known as sugar molecules, and can be broken down into glucose.

Answer 13

Carbohydrates

Question 14

A _ is a molecule produced by a living organism.

Answer 14

Biomolecule

Question 15

This type of amino acid is naturally produced by the body.

Answer 15

Non-essential amino acids

Question 16

What enzyme is commonly known as blood sugar?

Answer 16

Glucose

Question 17

Genetic material is also known as _____?

Answer 17

Nucleic acid

Question 18

What are the two types of nucleic acid?

Answer 18

DNA and RNA

Question 19

Which of the two types of nucleic acid is involved in protein synthesis?

Answer 19

RNA

Question 20

What type of nucleic acid serves as a genetic blueprint?

Answer 20

DNA

Question 21

What nucleic acid serves as a template for the production of protein?

Answer 21

RNA

Question 22

These are known as the building blocks of proteins.

Answer 22

Amino acids

Question 23

What carbohydrate is the main source of energy for the body’s cells, tissues, and organs?

Answer 23

Glucose

Question 24

What are the three principal areas of biochemistry?

Answer 24

Structural chemistry, study of metabolism, molecular genetics

Question 25

It studies the components of living matter and the relationship of biological structure to chemical function.

Answer 25

Structural chemistry

Question 26

It is the totality of chemical reactions that occur in living matter.

Answer 26

Study of metabolism

Question 27

This process is a collection of chemical reactions that takes place in the body's cells.

Answer 27

Metabolism

Question 28

This process converts the food we eat into the energy needed to power everything, from moving to thinking to growing.

Answer 28

Metabolism

Question 29

What are the two types of metabolism?

Answer 29

Anabolism and catabolism

Question 30

These type of enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions that synthesize larger complex molecules from smaller units.

Answer 30

Anabolic enzymes

Question 31

What type of metabolic process is the intake of whey protein in order to gain muscle mass?

Answer 31

Anabolic/anabolism

Question 32

What type of metabolic process is involved in doing cardio in order to lose fat/weight?

Answer 32

Catabolic/catabolism

Question 33

Examples of this metabolic process are gluconeogenesis and protein synthesis.

Answer 33

Anabolism

Question 34

This type of metabolism is the breaking down of complex substances into simpler substances.

Answer 34

Catabolism

Question 35

It is a field that seeks to study heredity and the expression of genetic information in molecular terms.

Answer 35

Molecular genetics

Question 36

Molecular genetics seeks to study heredity and the expression of genetic information in _ terms.

Answer 36

Molecular

Question 37

Structural chemistry, study of metabolism, and molecular genetics are categorized as what?

Answer 37

The three principal areas of biochemistry

Question 38

What are the eight (8) interdisciplinary sciences associated with biochemistry?

Answer 38

Organic Chemistry Medical Research Nutrition Microbiology Physiology Cell Biology Biophysics Genetics

Question 39

Cell biology is also known as _?

Answer 39

Cytology

Question 40

True or False: All organic compounds are made of carbon, and all compounds that contain carbon are organic.

Answer 40

False. All organic compounds contain carbon, but not all compounds that contain carbon are organic.

Question 41

Describes mechanisms that give a particular cell or organism its biochemical identity.

Answer 41

Genetics

Question 42

Uses techniques of physics to help understand life at the molecular level.

Answer 42

Biophysics

Question 43

It is the study of matter and energy within living organisms

Answer 43

Biophysics

Question 44

Give an example of the application of biophysics in biochemistry.

Answer 44

The production of ATP in the cell.

Question 45

ATP stands for _?

Answer 45

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 46

Describes the biomolecular division of labor within the cell.

Answer 46

Cell biology

Question 47

Provides understanding of life processes at the cell and tissue level & thereby opened doors for molecular investigations.

Answer 47

Physiology

Question 48

Single-celled organisms and viruses were ideally suited for the clarification of many metabolic pathways.

Answer 48

Microbiology

Question 49

Seeks to understand diseases stated in molecular terms.

Answer 49

Medical Research

Question 50

Give two examples of inorganic compounds that contain carbon.

Answer 50

Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide Carbon tetrachloride Sodium bicarbonate Iron cyanide complex Table salt Soap detergents

Question 51

Give two examples of organic compounds that contain carbon.

Answer 51

Ethane Ethene (ethylene) Alcohol Sugar Acetylene