Introduction To Genetics History Flashcards

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1
Q

What did Frederick Griffith begin to discover?

A

The genetic role of DNA

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2
Q

Materials used in Frederick Griffith’s lab

A
  • 2 strains of bacterium, one pathogenic, one harmless
  • Mouses
  • Needle (inject the mouses with the bacteria)
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3
Q

What unusual thing occurred in Griffith’s lab?

A

When he mixed heat-killed remains of the pathogenic strain with living cells of the harmless strain, some living cells became pathogenic

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4
Q

What did Griffith call the phenomenon that occurred during the lab?

A
  • Transformation
  • Called DNA the transforming principle
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5
Q

What is this phenomenon defined as today?

A

A change in genotype and phenotype due to assimilation of foreign DNA

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6
Q

What did Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conclude?

A

The injected DNA of the phage provides the genetic information

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7
Q

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase experiment

A
  • They injected radioactive sulfur into the protein coat of a phage and saw it did not enter the bacteria
  • When they injected radioactive phosphurs into the DNA of the phage it did enter the bacteria
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8
Q

Rosaline Franklin major contributions

A
  • Used X-ray diffraction images which gave initial indications of DNA structure
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9
Q

Sad part about Rosaline Franklin

A
  • Her work was initially never acknowledged
  • Watson and Crick used it to finalize the structure of DNA
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10
Q

What is the transforming principle?

A

Something is important and is shared between dead pathogenic bacteria and living harmless bacteria

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