INTRODUCTION TO ICT Flashcards
Refers to things “known”
A collection of independent raw facts, numbers, letters, symbols, and words
Refers to the facts and figures relating to events that take place.
Provide examples:
Data
Examples:
Number
Name
Date
Processed and organized data
is data made meaningful based on the needs of the user through manipulation.
Provide examples:
Information
Examples:
News article
Birth certificate
Books
DESIRABLE QUALITIES OF INFO
Timeliness
Relevance
Accuracy
Cost Effective
Completeness
Classification of Info
- Operational Info
- Daily details that go into running an organization, such as receipts, invoice, payslips, etc.
Ex. Invoice/ Receipt - Management Info
- Used to manage the planning, organizing and controlling of an organization
Ex. Sales, Financial Statement - Strategic Info
- Mission-critical and relates directly with the thrust of the organization or the bigger organization required to act in accordance with the environment or market or competition
Ex. Memo, MOA (memorandum of agreement), MOU (memorandum of understanding), Administrative order
It is a group of organized interdependent components that interact with and complement one another to achieve one or more predetermined goals
System
CHARACTERISTIC OF A SYSTEM
Bounded
Composed of parts
Hierarchical
Unitary whole
Parts interact
Goal oriented
TYPES OF SYSTEM
Close system - one with no inputs or outputs, it is completely isolated from its environment.
Open system - one with inputs and outputs. Since all the systems we deal within a computing context are open system.
Refers to a conceptual framework wherein input in the form of data is processed which would result in the generation of an output in the form of information.
DATA PROCESSING CONCEPT
INPUT - PROCESS - OUTPUT - (FEEDBACK)
Flow of data from the moment it is recorded until the time it becomes a usable piece of information
DATA PROCESSING CYCLE
- Origination
- Input preparation
- Processing
- Output preparation
- Storage and Feedback
(back to the top)
Data processing cycle:
It refers to the initial capture of data on some form or document.
Origination
data processing cycle:
It is the accurate recording or transcribing of data forms to permit convenient handling in whatever system the forms are being used.
Input preparation
Data processing cycle:
The actual conversion of data into useful and meaningful information.
Processing
Data processing cycle:
The process of generating the information and providing it to the use
Output preparation
Data processing cycle:
Storing and Feedback
Storage
The use of computer, data communications, office system methodologies and tools to generate information.
Information technology
Transmission of information over the network
Communication technology
__________ is the use of electronic computer, communication devices and software applications to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and retrieve information.
Information communication technology
TRENDS IN ICT
- Increase In Raw Computing Power
- Increase In Storage Capacity
- Increasing Diversity
- Falling Prices
- Increasing Functionality And Flexibility
- Increasing User Friendliness
- Improved Connectivity
An electronic data processing machine capable of performing mathematical and logical operations and processing large volumes of data at high speeds
Computer
CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER
Speed
Accuracy
Storage
Automation
Versatility
Diligence
Characteristic of Computer:
- The computer was invented as a high-speed calculator.
- A powerful computer is capable of adding together two 18-digit number in 300 to 400 nanoseconds
Speed
Characteristic of Computer:
- The computer’s accuracy is consistently high.
- Errors in the machinery can occur but, due to increased efficiency in error-detecting techniques, these seldom lead to false results.
- The errors in computing are due to human rather than to technological weaknesses
Accuracy
Characteristic of Computer:
- A computer can store a large amount of data permanently.
- We can store any type of data in a computer. Text, graphic, pictures, audio and video files can be stored easily.
- The storage capacity of the computer is increasing rapidly
Storage
Characteristic of Computer
- A computer is much more than an adding machine, calculator
- Once a program is in the computer’s memory, the individual instructions are then transferred, one after the other, to the control unit for execution. The CPU follows these instructions until it meets a last instruction which says ‘stop program execution’.
Automation
