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Mycology PPT > Introduction to Mycology > Flashcards

Introduction to Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

Human disease caused by a fungus

A

Mycosis/ mycoses

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2
Q

sexual reproductive phase of a fungus

A

Teleomorph

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3
Q

asexual form of the fungus; product of mitosis

A

Anamorph

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4
Q

having cross walls

A

Septate

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5
Q

w/o septations

A

Aseptate

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6
Q

beginning of a true hyphal element

A

Germ tube

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7
Q

Asexual spores formed by fragmentation of mycelia
onti rectangular, barrel-shaped,or cask-shaped, thick-walled spores.

A

Arthroconidia

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8
Q

Sexual spores produced in a round sac like ascus that usually contains two to eight ascospores

A

Ascospores

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9
Q

Asexual conidia produced by formation of conidia by simple budding from mother cells, hyphae, or pseudohyphae; budding si characteristic fo yeasts dna yeastlike fungi.

A

Blastoconidia

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10
Q

Thick-walled asexual conidia that are formed during unfavorable conditions and germinate when environment improves; greater in diameter than hyphae and may be observed at hyphal tip (terminal), within hyphal strand (intercalary), or on the sides of hyphae (sessile).

A

Chlamydoconidia

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11
Q

Large, round, multicellular structure that surrounds the asci and ascoporesuntil the structure ruptures, releasing the ascopores.

A

Cleistothecium

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12
Q

Dome-shaped, swollen sporangiophore tip that extends niot the sporangiophore.

A

Columella

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13
Q

Specialized, vegetative hyphae that act as stalks on which conidia are found.

A

Conidiophore

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14
Q

Asexual structures that form on the sides of hyphae or conidiophores; may be produced singly or ingroups; macroconidia are large and multicelled, whereas microconidia are usually smal and unicellular.

A

Conidia

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15
Q

Spindle-shaped conidium that is wider in the middle and narrows toward either end.

A

Fusiform

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16
Q

Outgrowth of a conidiumor spore that is the beginning of a hypha; on constriction is observed at the point of attachment. Germ tubes ear usually three to four times the length of the original yeast cel.

A

Germ tube

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17
Q

Tubelike structures that are the fundamental units of the fungus ; mani hyphae join to form the mycelium, which forms the colony of the fungus.

A

Hyphae

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18
Q

Flask-shaped ro vase-shaped structure that produces phialoconidia.

A

Phialide

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19
Q

Chains focells produced by budding that may resemble true hyphae.

A

Pseudohyphae

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20
Q

constricted at the septa and form branches that begin at the septation.

A

Pseudohyphae

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21
Q

Mass of pseudohyphae

A

Pseudomycelium

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22
Q

Pear-shaped conidia

A

Piriform

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23
Q

Large, round, thick-walled structure that contains spores characteristic of Coccidioides immitis in tissue.

A

Spherule

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24
Q

Asexual spore contained ni a saclike structure (sporangium) i n which spores are formed and held.

A

Sporangiospore

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25
With knoblike projections
Tuberculate
26
Enlarged structure at the end of a conidiophore or sporangiophore that may bear phialides
Vesicle
27
is branch of Microbiology which deals with the study of fungi, molds and yeasts which are eukaryotic organisms.
Mycology
28
Fungi have ____________ in its cell wall
Chitin
29
_________________ in its cell membrane and they ___________
Ergosterol Lack chlorophyll
30
2 morphological forms of fungi
Yeast Mold
31
Unicellular
Yeast
32
Reproduce by sexual, asexual or airborne spores
Mold
33
Grows at room temperature
Mold
34
Colonies are moist, creamy, opaque and pasty
Yeast
35
Multicellular -with tubular filamentous hyphae
Mold
36
Most reproduce asexually by budding
Yeast
37
They have similar microscopic and colonial morphology and require physical or biochemical test for identification.
Yeast
38
Grows at 37’C
Yeast
39
Colonies are fluffy, cottony, wooly or powdery
Mold
40
Eight key elements of a typical yeast cell:
Capsule Cell wall Cystoplasmic membrane Bud Mitochondria Nucleus Nuclear membrane Vacuole
41
The outer part of the cell wal
Capsule
42
The protective layer surrounding the cell which gives the cell structure.
Cell wall
43
The membrane controls the molecules and compounds that come in and out of the yeast cell
Cystoplasmic membrane
44
The new “daughter” cell, that eventually splits off from the original “mother” cell.
Bud
45
The “powerhouse” of the cell where respiration occurs.
Mitochondria
46
The part of cell containing DNA.
Nucleus
47
The protective layer around the nucleus that controls flow of material in and out of the nucleus.
Nuclear membrane
48
The sac inside the cell containing water and other liquids.
Vacuole
49
the yeasts reproduce asexually by
Blastoconidia formation
50
the yeasts reproduce sexually by production of
ascospores and basidiospores
51
are long branched chains of yeast cells with constrictions at the interface of elongated blastoconidia that remain attached after multiplication.
Pseudohyphae
52
_______________ occurs by the production of multicellular filamentous colonies, which consisting of branching cylinder tubules called _____________
Mold Hyphae
53
The mass of hyphae that accumulates during active growth is a
Mycelium
54
Fungi: Mold Asexual as well as sexual reproduction can result in the production of
Spores
55
2 TYPES OF FUNGI
Monomorphic fungi Dimorphic fungi
56
one phase only
Monomorphic
57
Capable of two phases
Dimorphic fungi
58
Mycelial or mold (filamentous form) at
25 to 30 degrees
59
Yeast at
37
60
tissue or invasive phase
Yeast at 37°C ( thermal dimorphism)
61
inductive to man
Mycelial or mold
62
microscopic unit of fungi
Hyphae
63
long, branching filaments
Hyphae
64
Dark colored
Dermatiaceous
65
Colorless
Hyaline
66
Mass or colony of hyphaw
Mycelium
67
Organized body of hyphae
Fruiting body (e.g mushroom)
68
intertwining structure composed of tubular filaments known as HYPHAE.
Mycelium
69
Types of hyphae
Septate hyphae SPARSELY SEPTATE/ COENOCYTIC HYPHAE (FORMERLY ASEPTATE) Pseudohyphae
70
- have cellular separation or cross-walls.
Septate
71
Diameter of septate hyphae
3 to 6 urn
72
All fungi has septate hyphae except
Zygomycetes
73
Continuous, few to no cellular separations or cross-walls
Sparsely septate/ coenocytic hyphae (aseptate)
74
Diameter of sparsely septate/ coenocytic (aseptate)
5 to 15 urn
75
Fungi that are aseptate
Zygomycetes (Rhizopus, mucor, absidia)
76
chain of cells formed by budding that resemble true hyphae.
Pseudohyphae
77
- differ from true hyphae in that they are constricted at the septa, form branches that begin with septation, and have terminal cells smaller than other cells.
Pseudohyphae
78
Mycelium is composed of
Vegetative Aerial
79
function in food absorption and are the portion that extends below the agar surface or nutrient substrate.
Vegetative
80
extend above the agar or nutrient substrate, and their function is to support reproductive structures called conidia.
Aerial
81
heterogeneous molds characterized by a lack of pigmentation of hyphae
Hyaline molds
82
invasion of tissue by non pigmented hyphae.
Hyalohyphomycosis
83
MELANIZED/PIGMENTED
Dermatiaceous
84
Heterogeneous molds characterized by dark pigmentation of hyphae Hundreds of species known to cause disease in humans
Dermatiaceous
85
invasion of tissue by pigmented hyphae
Phaeohyphomycosis
86
Fungi that can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
Perfect fungi
87
Fungi that can reproduce only by asexual means.
Imperfect fungi
88
What reproduction requires the formation of specialized fungal structures
Sexual reproduction
89
formation of specialized fungal structures
Spores
90
Fungi that undergo sexual reproduction are termed
Perfect fungi
91
Sexual reproduction types of spores
Ascospores Basidiospores Oospores Zygospores
92
Spores contained in a saclike structure
Ascospores
93
Spores contained in a club-shaped structure
Basidiospores
94
Spores resulting from the fusion of cells from two different hyphae
Oospores
95
Spores resulting from the fusion of two identical hyphae
Zygospores
96
Only involves division of the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Asexual reproduction
97
Fungi that undergo asexual reproduction are termed
Imperfect fungi
98
Imperfect fungi are the only fungal group to produce _______
Conidia
99
are sporelike asexual reproductive structures not produced by cleavage, conjugation, or free-cell formation.
Conidia
100
Conidia are only formed by the
Imperfect fungi
101
Conidia classification is based on conidia morphologic development.
Microconidia Macroconidia
102
are single-celled, small conidia.
Microconidia
103
are multicellular, large conidia.
Macroconidia

Mycology PPT (17 decks)

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