Introduction to Osteopathic Medicine

Question 1

What are TART changes?

Answer 1

Tissue texture changes
Asymmetry
ROM restrictions
Tenderness

Question 2

How are SD named?

Answer 2

For freedom of motion: what they can do

Question 3

What do Acute Somatic Dysfunctions reflect?

Answer 3

Inflammatory Processes: Heat, swelling, tenderness

Question 4

What is the tissue texture like in Acute SD?

Answer 4

Edema or boggy
Hypertonic
Warm

Question 5

Is there Asymmetry in Acute SD?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

What is ROM like in acute SD?

Answer 6

Restricted: pain with motion

Question 7

How would you describe tenderness in an acute SD?

Answer 7

Sharp

Question 8

What do Chronic SD reflect?

Answer 8

Long standing: chronic neurovascular changes
-decreased blood flow, increased neurologic tone

Question 9

What is tissue texture like in chronic SD?

Answer 9

Fibrotic or ropey
Hypotonic or flaccid
Cool and Dry

Question 10

Is there asymmetry in Chronic SD?

Answer 10

Yes with compensation

Question 11

What is ROM Like in chronic SD?

Answer 11

Restricted with little to no pain

Question 12

How would you describe tenderness in Chronic SD?

Answer 12

Dull or aching, burning

Question 13

What axis do Flexion and extension occur around?

Answer 13

Transverse axis

Question 14

What plane do Flexion and extension occur in?

Answer 14

Sagittal plane

Question 15

What axis does Sidebending occur around?

Answer 15

AP axis

Question 16

What plane does Sidebending occur in?

Answer 16

Coronal Plane

Question 17

What axis does rotation occur around?

Answer 17

Vertical axis

Question 18

What plane does Rotation occur in?

Answer 18

Transverse Plane

Question 19

What is the Physiologic Barrier?

Answer 19

Point to which a patient can actively move a given joint

Question 20

What is the Anatomic Barrier?

Answer 20

Point to which a physician can passively move a given joint

Question 21

What is movement beyond the anatomic barrier?

Answer 21

Tissue Disruption

Question 22

What is the restrictive barrier?

Answer 22

Pathologic barrier found in SD: lies before the physiologic barrier: prevents full ROM of the joint

Question 23

What is Fryette’s 1st Law?

Answer 23

In a neutral position: R and Sb occur to opposite sides

Question 24

What is Fryette’s 2nd Law?

Answer 24

In a non-neutral (F/E) position: R and Sb occur to the same side

Question 25

What is Fryette's 3rd law?

Answer 25

Initiating motion in any plane of motion will limit the mobility in the other planes

Question 26

What is the facet orientation of the cervical region?

Answer 26

Back, up Medial (BUM)

Question 27

What is the primary motion of the cervical region?

Answer 27

Rotation>F/E>Sb

Question 28

What is the facet orientation of the Thoracic Region?

Answer 28

Back, Up, lateral (BUL)

Question 29

What is the primary motion of the thoracic Region?

Answer 29

Rotation>Sb>F/E

Question 30

What is the face orientation of the Lumbar Region?

Answer 30

Back, Medial (BM)

Question 31

What is the primary motion of the Lumbar Region?

Answer 31

F/E>Sb>rotation

Question 32

What is Wolff's Law?

Answer 32

Every change in the form or function of a bone, or in its function alone is followed by definite changes in its internal architecture and secondary alterations in its external conformations

Question 33

What Type of muscle contractions stays the same length?

Answer 33

Isometric

Question 34

What is an Isometric Contraction?

Answer 34

Increased Tension without change in length

Question 35

What type of muscle contractions lengthen the muscle?

Answer 35

Eccentric and Isolytic

Question 36

What is an Eccentric contraction?

Answer 36

Lengthening of a muscle due to external force

Question 37

What is an Isolytic contraction?

Answer 37

Lengthening of a muscle due do increased tension from muscle contraction

Question 38

What types of muscle contractions shorten the muscle?

Answer 38

Concentric and Isotonic

Question 39

What is a Concentric contraction?

Answer 39

Shortening of a muscle without regard to tension changes

Question 40

What is an Isotonic contraction?

Answer 40

Shortening of a muscle without a change in tension