Introduction to Peds

Question 1

What is the age range of a pediatric?

Answer 1

Birth to 18

Question 2

What are the names of the meninges?

Answer 2

1. Dura mater - toughest layer
2. Arachnoid mater
3. Pia mater

Question 3

Between what meninges does CSF live?

Answer 3

Arachnoid and pia

Question 4

The anterior fontanelle is formed by the junction of what sutures?

Answer 4

Frontal, coronal, sagittal

Question 5

How long is the anterior fontanelle open for?

Answer 5

2 years

Question 6

What gives the brain its surface area?

Answer 6

Gyri and sulci

Question 7

What are the fissures and what do they separate?

Answer 7

1. Longitudinal - separates L and R lobes
2. Lateral/sylvian - separates frontal and parietal from temporal
3. Parieto-occipital - separates occipital from parietal
4. Central - Separates parietal from frontal
5. Transverse - separates cerebrum from cerebellum

Question 8

In what fissure lies the falx cerebri?

Answer 8

Interhemispheric/longitudinal

Question 9

What fold of dura separates the cerebrum from cerebellum?

Answer 9

Tentorium

Question 10

What meningeal layer contains venous sinuses?

Answer 10

Dura mater

Question 11

What is the falx cerebri?

Answer 11

Fold of dura that runs along the longitudinal fissure

Question 12

What sinuses run along the falx cerebri?

Answer 12

Inferior and superior sagittal sinus

Question 13

What sinus lies within the tentorium cerebelli?

Answer 13

Transverse sinus

Question 14

What does the falx cerebelli divide?

Answer 14

Two cerebellar hemispheres

Question 15

What structure connects the arachnoid mater to pia mater?

Answer 15

Arachnoid trabeculae

Question 16

What is the function of arachnoid granulations?

Answer 16

Site where CSF is absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 17

How can you determine on ultrasound if fluid is in the subarachnoid space or subdural space?

Answer 17

If there are vessels crossing the fluid, it is the subarachnoid space. If not, its in the subdural space

Question 18

What duct connect the lateral ventricles to 3rd ventricle?

Answer 18

Foramen of Monroe / interventricular foramina

Question 19

What duct connects the 3rd and 4th ventricle?

Answer 19

Aqueduct of sylvius / cerebral aqueduct

Question 20

What does the fourth ventricle drain into?

Answer 20

Foramina or luschka and magendie

Question 21

CSF is reabsorbed by the arachnoid granulations into what sinus?

Answer 21

Superior sinuses

Question 22

What is the region on the lateral ventricle where the occipital, anterior, and temporal regions join?

Answer 22

Trigone AKA atrium

Question 23

What is the function of the CP?

Answer 23

Produce and regulate CSF

Question 24

What part of the CP is CSF mostly produced and is also the largest part of the CP?

Answer 24

Glomus

Question 25

Where does the CP taper?

Answer 25

Caudothalamic groove

Question 26

CP does NOT extend into what?

Answer 26

Frontal or occipital horns

Question 27

What is the largest white matter structure in the brain?

Answer 27

Corpus callosum

Question 28

Corpus callosum allows communication between what?

Answer 28

R and L sides of the cerebrum

Question 29

Corpus callosum forms the roof of what ventricles?

Answer 29

Lateral and 3rd

Question 30

What are the 4 divisions of the corpus callosum from anterior to posterior?

Answer 30

1. Rostrum - anterior 2. Genu 3. Body 4. Splenium - posterior

Question 31

What is the thalamus?

Answer 31

Paired gray matter structures located between the cerebrum and midbrain

Question 32

Function of the thalamus?

Answer 32

Relay nerve impulses from sensory information

Question 33

Is the caudate nucleus made of gray or white matter?

Answer 33

Gray

Question 34

What ventricle does the cisterna magna communicate with?

Answer 34

4th

Question 35

What is the posterior extension of the CSP in premies called?

Answer 35

Cavum vergae

Question 36

When should the CSP be closed completely?

Answer 36

6-8 months old

Question 37

When does the closure of the CSP begin?

Answer 37

About 6 months