introduction to psychology

Question 1

american psychological association (APA)

Answer 1

professional organization representing psychologists in the united states

Question 2

behaviorism

Answer 2

focus on observing and controlling behavior

pavlov, watson, skinner

Question 3

biopsychology

Answer 3

study of how biology influences behavior

Question 4

biopsychosocial model

Answer 4

perspective that asserts that biology, psychology, and social factors interact to determine an individuals health

Question 5

clinical psychology

Answer 5

area of psychology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior

Question 6

cognitive psychology

Answer 6

study of cognitions, or thoughts, and their relationship to experiences and actions

Question 7

counseling psychology

Answer 7

area of psychology that focuses on improving emotional, social, vocational, and other aspects of the lives of psychologically healthy individuals

Question 8

developmental psychology

Answer 8

scientific study of development across a lifespan

Question 9

dissertation

Answer 9

long research paper about research that was conducted as a part of the candidate’s doctoral training

Question 10

empirical method

Answer 10

method for acquiring knowledge based on observation, including experimentation, rather than a method based only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities; observable and scientific

Question 11

forensic psychology

Answer 11

area of psychology that applies the science and practice of psychology to issues within and related to the justice system

Question 12

functionalism

Answer 12

focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to it’s environment

william james

Question 13

humanism

Answer 13

perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans

abraham maslow, carl rogers

Question 14

introspection

Answer 14

process by which someone examines their own conscious experience in an attempt to break it into its component parts

Question 15

ology

Answer 15

suffix that denotes “scientific study of”

Question 16

personality psychology

Answer 16

study of patters of thoughts and behaviors that make each individual unique

Question 16

personality trait

Answer 16

consistent pattern of thought and behavior

Question 17

PhD (doctor of philosophy)

Answer 17

doctoral degree conferred in many disciplinary perspectives housed in a traditional college of liberal arts and sciences

Question 18

post doctoral training program

Answer 18

allows young scientists to further develop their research programs and broaden their research skills under the supervision of other professionals in the field

Question 19

psychoanalytic theory

Answer 19

focus on the role of the unconscious in affecting conscious behavior

sigmund freud

Question 20

psychology

Answer 20

scientific study of the mind and behavior

Question 21

PsyD (doctor of psychology)

Answer 21

doctoral degree that places less emphasis on research-oriented skills and focuses more on application of psychological principles in the clinical context

Question 22

sport & exercise psychology

Answer 22

area of psychology that focuses on the interactions between mental and emotional factors and physical performance in sports, exercise, and other activities

Question 23

structuralism

Answer 23

understanding the conscious experience through introspection

wilhelm wundt

Question 24

what is psychology?

Answer 24

defined as the scientific study of mind and behavior

Question 25

gestalt psychology

Answer 25

although sensory info can be broken down, how they relate to each other as a whole is what individual responds to in perception. continue to influence on sensation & perception köhler, koffa, wertheimer

Question 26

classical conditioning

Answer 26

type of learning where organism associates a neutral stimulus with a naturally occurring stimulus, resulting in the neutral stimulus being triggered by a conditioned response pavlov

Question 27

operant conditioning

Answer 27

type of learning where a behavior is strengthened or weakened by its consequences b.f. skinner

Question 28

hierarchy of human needs

Answer 28

as long as basic needs necessary for survival are met, higher level needs would begin to motivate behavior

Question 29

behavior analysis

Answer 29

principals of learning to understand and predict behavior

Question 30

applied behavior analysis

Answer 30

uses behavioral principals to attempt to change behavior of individuals. with reinforcements (rewards) & consequences to help an individual learn better behaviors or reduce a problem

Question 31

social psychology

Answer 31

focuses on how people interact with one another, what makes us similar

Question 32

industrial-organizational psychology

Answer 32

applies to psychological theories, principals & research to industrial & organizational settings. issues related to management, organizational structure, workplace