Ionic bonding Flashcards
What are ionic bonds formed between
A metal and a non-metal
What happens to the metal atom during ionic bonding
It loses electron(s) to form a positive ion (cation)
What happens to non-metal during ionic bonding
Gains electron(s) to form a negative ion (anion)
Why does the gain and loss of electrons form an ionic bond
Because the oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other by strong electrostatic forces of attraction (this is called an ionic bond.)
What is an ion
An ion that has gained or lost an electron to form a positive or negative charge
How do you calculate ionic configuration
Look at how many electrons are in the outershell (period)
If the number of electrons is more than 4 you need to add more until you get 8 (full outer shell)
If the number of electrons is less that 4 you need to minus all of them from the outer shell. The electrons left will be the electronic configuration.
What is the structure of an ionic compound
They always have giant ionic lattice structures
They form a closely packed regular lattice
They are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions in all directions.
What are the properties of ionic compounds
High melting and boiling points
Solid ionic compounds don’t conduct electricity
Many dissolve easily in water
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points
Because of the strong attraction between the ions.
It takes a large amount of energy to overcome this attraction
Why don’t solid ionic compounds conduct electricity
The ions are in a fixed place and cannot move.
When the compound mounts the eyes are free to move and can carry an electrical current
Why do many ionic compounds dissolve easily in water
So the bonds can break between the ions and allow to it carry an electrical current.
What does the suffix -ide mean
It means the compound usually contains only two elements
E.g. calcium + oxygen = calcium oxide
What does the suffix -ate mean
It means the compound usually contains three or more elements always including oxygen
(e.g. calcium + carbon + oxygen = calcium carbonate)
