Acids Flashcards
What do you acids form in water
H+ ions
What does higher concentration of H+ ions in an acidic solution mean
The more acidic the solution is (lower it’s pH)
What is an alkali
A base that is soluble in water
What is an acid
A substance with a pH of less than 7
What do you alkalis form in water
OH- ions (hydroxide ions)
What does a higher concentration of OH- ions in an alkaline solution mean
The more alkaline the solution (The higher the pH)
What colour do acids, alkalis and neutral solutions go in litmus
Acids=Red
Alkaline= Blue
Neutral=Purple
What colour do acids, alkalis and neutral solutions go in Methyl orange
Acids =Red
alkaline =yellow
neutral = yellow
What colour do acids, alkalis and neutral solutions go in phenolphthalein
Acids = colourless alkaline = pink neutral = colourless
How does the concentration of hydrogen ions effect the pH of the solution
As hydrogen ion concentration in a solution increases by a factor of 10 the pH of the solution decreases by 1
What is the reaction between an acid and a base called
Neutralisation
Acid + base = ?
salt + water
What happens when an acid neutralises a bass (or vice versa)
The products are neutral (they have a pH of 7)
At pH 7 the concentration of hydrogen ions is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions.
What is a strong acid
They ionise almost completely in the water
(a large portion of the acid molecules dissociate to release H+ ions)
They tend to have low pHs
What are weak acids
They do not fully ionise in a solution (only a small proportion of the acid molecules disassociate to release H+ ions)
There pHs are around 2 - 6
