Islamic Ethics - Crime and Punishment

Question 1

What are the 6 elements of life?

Answer 1

belief 
honour of women 
alert mind
property
life
family

Question 2

what does belief mean in the 6 elements of life?

Answer 2

no muslim is allowed to leaver their faith and no one should slander their faith.

Question 3

what are examples of going against belief

Answer 3

destroying the Qur’an (as it is the words of Allah) , rejection of Islam and Shirk like speaking against Allah or drawing Allah

Question 4

What does honour of women mean?

Answer 4

protect them from being harmed, slandered of degraded in any way

Question 5

what are examples of going against honour of women

Answer 5

domestic abuse, rape, false accusations etc etc

Question 6

What does alert mind mean?

Answer 6

someone that is control of their own mind and is therefore taqwa

Question 7

what is an example of going against Alert mind

Answer 7

drinking alcohol or taking drugs

Question 8

What does property mean

Answer 8

to protect peoples belongings

Question 9

what is an example of going against property

Answer 9

theft

Question 10

what does it mean by life?

Answer 10

the importance. there may be severe punishment for someone who takes a life

Question 11

wha is an example of going against life

Answer 11

to kill a life that ‘allah has made sacred’ as it is shirk for taking a life that Allah did not chose

Question 12

What does it mean by family

Answer 12

to support the family and guarantee identity by forbidding sexual relations outside of marriage

Question 13

what is example of going against family

Answer 13

fornication/ adultery (ZINA)

Question 14

what are the four types of crimes

Answer 14

Hadud
Forgivable
Community crimes
Against State Law

Question 15

What is Al-lynayaat?

Answer 15

forgivable crimes

Question 16

What is Al Ta’azir?

Answer 16

Community crimes

Question 17

What is Al-Mukhalafat?

Answer 17

going against state law

Question 18

What are hadud crimes?

Answer 18

fornicatation/adultery
false accusation saying she committed adultery
drinking alcohol/ taking drugs
rebellion against the state
rejection of Islam by muslims
Highway robbery
theft

Question 19

what are Al-lynayaat (forgivable) crimes?

Answer 19

crimes against the right go the individual who can either demand severe punishment as retribution or forgive them and accept ‘blood money’ in return for a lighter sentence

Question 20

what are examples of Al-lynayaat crimes?

Answer 20

bodily harm

murder (of which the victims family will decide)

Question 21

What are Al Ta’azir (community) crimes?

Answer 21

where it affects the community that aren’t covered in Al-lynayaat crimes. the judge will give punishments based on his learnings of islamic text

Question 22

what are examples of Al Ta’azir crimes?

Answer 22

fraud

antisocial behaviour

Question 23

What are Al-Mukhalafat (state law) crimes?

Answer 23

crimes against a law the state has enacted where the judge will dicing his discretion and learning in deciding upon punishment

Question 24

What are examples of Al-Mukhalalfat crimes?

Answer 24

breaking the speed limit

illegal parking

Question 25

what crimes do you need to remember

Answer 25

hadud crimes | Al-lynayaat (forgivable) crimes

Question 26

What are the 4 aims of punishment

Answer 26

deterrence retribution reform protection

Question 27

what is capital punishment

Answer 27

where they offer the death penalty

Question 28

what is corporal punishment

Answer 28

where they offer physical punishment

Question 29

How does the Shari'ah law show deterrence?

Answer 29

corporal and capital countries will usually give public punishments where large crowds can gather round.

Question 30

those guilty of adultery, 'flog each of them with a hundred stripes...

Answer 30

... and let a party of believers witness their punishment'

Question 31

How does the Shariah law show protection?

Answer 31

serious offenders are taken out of society and put into prison to protect the rest of society. less serious are also protected in attempt to deter them from further crimes

Question 32

How does the Shari'ah law show reformation

Answer 32

The prisoners are only able to seek forgiveness and become pure, they need to show they're a better person.

Question 33

How is the actual punishment considered a reformation?

Answer 33

it is perceived that that is how the criminal is deterred. In prison they're helped with coming to terms with what they have done and realise it was wrong.

Question 34

Do Islamic countries offer parole?

Answer 34

no- you must serve the full sentence

Question 35

How does the Shari'ah law offer retribution?

Answer 35

The punishment is designed to punish them on behalf of the victims. There is an opportunity for the wrong doer to take compensation for a lighter sentence which Allah will see this as an act of mercy.

Question 36

'life for life, eye for eye, nose for nose...

Answer 36

'ear for ear, tooth for tooth and wound for wound'

Question 37

' ...'wound for wound' but if any one remits the retaliation by war of charity...

Answer 37

... it is an act of atonement for himself' -Qur'an