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Edexcel History A Level > Italian Unification > Flashcards

Italian Unification Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

Congress of Vienna

A

June 1815- restored European powers

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2
Q

Troppau Protocol

A

1820- signed between Austria, Prussia and Russia- collective action against revolution

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3
Q

Where did uprisings occur in 1831?

A

Modena, Parma and the Papal States

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4
Q

When was Young Italy founded?

A

March 1831

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5
Q

Who was elected in June 1846?

A

Pope Pius IX

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6
Q

When was the Milan tobacco boycott?

A

January 1848

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7
Q

Where were liberal constitutions granted in February 48?

A

Tuscany and Sicily

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8
Q

Who granted the Statuto?

A

Charles Albert

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9
Q

5 Days of Milan

A

17-22 March 1848- forced Radetzsky to withdraw to Quadrilateral

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10
Q

2 things that happened 22nd March 1848

A

Venetian Rep. declared

Piedmont declared war o Austria

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11
Q

Papal Allocution

A

29 April 1848- Pope sides with Austria in war, condemns Piedmont/nationalist cause

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12
Q

Battle of Custoza

A

24 July 1848- Austrian victory

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13
Q

Armistice of Solasco

A

11 August 1848

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14
Q

PM Rossi was murdered when and where?

A

November 1848 in Rome

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15
Q

Fall of the Roman Republic?

A

3 July 1849

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16
Q

Cavour made PM?

A

November 1852

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17
Q

Battle of Chernaya Rechka

A

August 1855- Piedmontese involvement in Crimea

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18
Q

Congress of Paris

A

Feb 1856- Piedmont joins European powers

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19
Q

Orsini Affair

A

January 1858- Orsini tries to assassiate Napoleon and then appeals to him re nationalist cause

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20
Q

Plombieres meeting?

A

July 1858- Cavour and Napoleon agree to support each other in war against Austria

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21
Q

2nd War of Independence declared

A

29 April 1859

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22
Q

2 main battles of 2nd War

A

Solferino and Magenta- huge losses

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23
Q

Treaty of Villafranca

A

11 July 1859- Lombardy given to Piedmont, done behind Cavour’s back by Napoleon

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24
Q

Treaty of Turin

A

21 January 1860- Nice and Savoy go to France

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25
Garibaldi arrives at Marsala?
11 May 1860
26
Calatafimi
15 May- beat Neopolitan army
27
Palermo
29th May- G beats far larger army within 3 days
28
Garibaldi arrives at mainland
18 August
29
Garibaldi reaches Naples
7 September- given hero's welcome with no conflict
30
Teano meeting
26 October- Garibaldi hands conquests to VE2
31
Kingdom of Italy declared
March 1861
32
Brigands War
1860-65- 120,000 soldiers against southerners- most bloody conflict of unification
33
Syllabus of Errors
1864- Pope condemns liberalism
34
Austro-Prussian War
June 1866
35
Italy declares war on Austria (1866)
20th June 1866
36
Two embarrassments against Austria..
Lissa and Custoza
37
Treaty of Prague
August 1866- Venetia ceded to Piedmont via France and Austria
38
Franco-Prussian War
July 1870- withdrawal of 20,000 troops from Rome
39
Italy take Rome
20 September 1870
40
Rome officially added to Italy
9 October 1870
41
Who ruled Piedmont in 1831?
Charles Albert- House Savoy
42
Who controlled Lombardy and Venetia?
Austria
43
Who ruled Parma in 1830?
Duchess Marie Louise (Napoleon's wife)
44
Who ruled Tuscany in 1830?
Grand Duke Ferdinand III
45
Who ruled Modena in 1830?
Duke Francis VI
46
Who ruled the Papal States
Pope
47
Who ruled the 2 Sicilies in 1830
Ferdinand II- House Bourbon
48
Who planned the Modena uprisings 1831?
Enrico Misley
49
Who founded Young Italy?
Mazzini
50
Who wrote Le Speranze d'Italia?
Balbo- united Italy under Piedmont's leadership
51
Neo Guelphism
Federal Italy led by Pope- Gioberti
52
Who resigned on 13 March 1848?
Metternich
53
Who did Cavour sign trade deals with?
Britain, Portugal, France, Belgium
54
Who was Cavour buddies with?
Napoleon III
55
Who united the South?
Garibaldi
56
By how much did cereal productivity increase 1825-55?
25%
57
By the end of the 1800s how many estates were in Piedmont?
800,000
58
How many people died from malaria each year?
330,000
59
How many km of railway was there by 1850?
620km
60
How many roads went South of Rome
2- 5/6 villages in Naples were connected by dirt tracks
61
By how much did GDP grow 1830-60?
0.5%
62
Population in 1800
17.8 million
63
Population in 1850
24 million
64
Average life expectancy
30
65
How many people died of cholera in Palermo 1837?
27000
66
What percentage spoke Italian 1871?
2.3%
67
Illiteracy rate
2/3
68
How many Carbonari members were there in Naples?
60,000
69
How many political prisoners were released after papal reform in 1847?
2000
70
How many people died of cholera in Sicily 1836?
65,000- 10% of population
71
How much did Austria get from the Lombardy tobacco tax?
5 million lire per year
72
How many people could vote under the Statuto?
2% of population
73
How many political exiles stayed in Piedmont due to the Statuto?
30,000
74
How much did Piedmontese trade grow by in the 1850s?
300%
75
How much of Italy's 2404km of railway was in Piedmont in 1861?
40%
76
How much money was invested in railways by 1858?
280 million francs
77
What was Piedmontese debt by 1859?
725 million lire
78
How many troops went to Crimea?
15,000
79
How many troops did Napoleon promise at Plombieres?
200,000
80
How many troops did Piedmont gather for the 2nd War?
60,000
81
How many doctors per casualty were there at Solferino?
1 per 500- 40,000 casualties
82
How many people voted against unification in Emilia out of 430,000?
756
83
How many brigands were there in Naples 1862?
82,000
84
What was public debt by 1861?
2450 million lire- 60% expenditure
85
How many people died in 1869 macinato riots?
250
86
How many people voted against joining Italy in Venice?
69
87
What percentage of army officers were Piedmontese by 1870?
66%
88
What percentage of bureaucrats were in Rome?
10%
89
What was the under 5 child mortality rate in 1871?
50%
90
How many people left Italy in 1871?
120,000
91
By 1871, how many people could vote?
500,000- 2.2%

Edexcel History A Level (4 decks)

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