Italy : General

Question 1

When was young Italy formed ?

Answer 1

1831

Question 2

How many died to cholera in Naples ?

Answer 2

1836 - 65,000 deaths blamed on Bourbons

Question 3

What was the life expectancy in Naples in the 1840s ?

Answer 3

24

Question 4

2 Early revolts of young Italy ?

Answer 4

1831 - Genoa
1833 - Mutiny in Piedmonts army
Both crushed by Charles Albert

Question 5

When was the First provisional gov. set up in Modena ?

Answer 5

Feb 1831 - Duke Francis had fled

Question 6

Who was inspired by the 1831 Modena Revolt ?

Answer 6

1831 - Parma, rioted and demand constitution, Duchess fled, provisional gov. established

Question 7

What happened in March 1831 to the central duchees ?

Answer 7

Reclaimed by rulers as they returned with Austrian forces

Question 8

What revolt occurred in the Papal states in 1831?

Answer 8

Middle class uprising who hated church rule, Provisional gov. “Government of the Italian provinces” in Bologna -refused to help Modena - Eventually crushed by Austria

Question 9

When did Balbo write his book about freedom from Austria ?

Answer 9

1844 - “Hopes for Italy”

Question 10

When did CA promise to put everything forward for the cause of Italy ?

Answer 10

1845

Question 11

What happened to the Bandiero Brothers ?

Answer 11

1844 - Tried to revolt in Naples with 19 followers, attacked by peasants and died

Question 12

When and who formed “Neo-Guelphism” ?

Answer 12

1843 - Gioberti wrote “Primato” - Sold 5,000 copies

Question 13

Who argued only Piedmont was fit to lead Italy ?

Answer 13

1846 - Azeglio “On recent events on Romagna”

Question 14

When was Pius IX elected and what did he do immediately ?

Answer 14

1846 - Freed 2,000 political prisoners, reformed education and Justice system, abolished press censorship

Question 15

When was the Statuto ?

Answer 15

1847

Question 16

When did the Pope lodge a formal protest against Austria and Why ?

Answer 16

July 1847 - Wanted them expelled from the Ferrera
Jan 1848 - Denied them the right to cross the Papal states

Question 17

When and Who started the Venetian Republic ?

Answer 17

March 1848 - Daniel Manin

Question 18

When was there small protest in Naples 184_ and why ?

Answer 18

1848 - Harvest Failures

Question 19

When and what were the “5 Glorious Days in Milan” ?

Answer 19

1848 - 10,000 people present a petition for liberal reform, asked Piedmont for an alliance

Question 20

When did CA declare his first war on Austria ?

Answer 20

1848

Question 21

When was the Papal Allocution and what did it claim ?

Answer 21

April 1848 - CA was the aggressor, Pope had no interest in a united Italy

Question 22

In 184_ , What caused Leopold II to flee ?

Answer 22

Oct 1848 - Forced to appoint democratic gov led by Montanelli who wants to fight Austria, becoming to radical

Question 23

When was CA defeated first ?

Answer 23

July 1848 - Custozza

Question 24

What did CA sign after defeat at Custozza ?

Answer 24

Aug 1848 - Armistice of Salasco

Question 25

When did "King Bomba" get his name and why ?

Answer 25

Sept 1848 - Seized Messina and Palermo from rebels through heavy bombing

Question 26

Who did the Pope appoint to take on on radicals ?

Answer 26

Sept 1848 - Count Rossi - Killed 1 month later by a mob - Pope Flees

Question 27

Where did Galleti form a provisional Gov ?

Answer 27

Dec 1848 - Venice : Began popular reform

Question 28

When was the Constituente formed and where ?

Answer 28

Jan 1849 - Papal states : Abolished temporal power of Pope and proclaimed Roman Republic

Question 29

When did Mazzini arrive to aid the Roman Republic ?

Answer 29

March 1849 - Joins Armellini and Saffi in forming Triumvirate

Question 30

When did CA abdicate and because of what battle ?

Answer 30

March 1849 - Battle of Novara

Question 31

When did the French get involved in the Roman Republic ?

Answer 31

April 1849 - General Oudinot, held off for 2 months by Garibaldi and Volunteers

Question 32

When did the Triumvirate issue a constitution ?

Answer 32

June 1849

Question 33

How many troops stormed on the Roman Republic ?

Answer 33

20,000

Question 34

When did Garibaldi escape the Roman Republic ?

Answer 34

July 1849 - Escapes to San Marino with 400 followers

Question 35

When did Leopold re-establish control in in Tuscany ?

Answer 35

April 1849

Question 36

When did Ferdinand restore autocracy in Naples and Sicily ?

Answer 36

May 1849

Question 37

When did Piedmont sign peace after the 1st war of independence and what were the reparations ?

Answer 37

Aug 1849- Debt of 65m French Francs

Question 38

When did Manin have to surrender the Venetian Republic ?

Answer 38

Aug 1849 - Cholera outbreak and closing Austrian pressure

Question 39

When did the Pope excommunicate those who threatened his temporal power (including VE) ?

Answer 39

Feb 1849

Question 40

When and where did the electric telegraph to and from ?

Answer 40

1853 - Turin to Paris

Question 41

By 1854, what 3 cities were linked all together to the French border ?

Answer 41

Milan, Turin, Genoa

Question 42

How much did trade value increase by in 1854 ?

Answer 42

300%

Question 43

When did the Pope return to Rome after the Roman Republic ?

Answer 43

1850

Question 44

When was the Connubio agreed ?

Answer 44

1851-52

Question 45

When was Cavour appointed PM ?

Answer 45

1852 - Immediate financial reforms

Question 46

How did Cavour create trust from Austria ?

Answer 46

1853 - Warned them of an uprising, received thanks from Vienna

Question 47

When did Cavour reform the Army ?

Answer 47

1853 - Used La Mamora : removed conservative elements

Question 48

What 3 roles did Cavour appoint himself as ?

Answer 48

1855 - PM, Foreign Minister, Finance, Minister

Question 49

How did Cavour attack church wealth ?

Answer 49

1855 - Suppressed 152 Monastries, 1700 benefices : Added £145,000 to state income

Question 50

When was Pisacane's expedition ?

Answer 50

1857 - Sailed to Naples : Lost hope and committed suicide

Question 51

When was the National society formed ?

Answer 51

1857

Question 52

Who financed the Mt. Cenis Tunnel ?

Answer 52

1857 - Laffitte & Rothschild

Question 53

How much of Italy's Railway did Piedmont have

Answer 53

1850-60 - 1/3

Question 54

What agreement weakened Austria's economic position ?

Answer 54

Zollverein Trade Agreement - Prussia and Germanic States

Question 55

When was the Event that secured French interest in Italian unity ?

Answer 55

Jan 1858 - Orsini Bomb Plot - VE wrote a letter to Nap III pleading

Question 56

When was the Pact of Plombieres ?

Answer 56

July 1858 - Austria MUST be the Aggressor

Question 57

When did VE force Cavour to enter the Crimean war ?

Answer 57

1855

Question 58

What did Crimean involvement lead to ?

Answer 58

1856 - Attendance of the Congress of Paris - France and Britain "Owed them one"

Question 59

Who did Cavour meet to discuss a potential war with Austria (Italians) ?

Answer 59

Manin and Garibaldi

Question 60

When did VE make his speech ?

Answer 60

Jan 1859 - "Grido Di Delore"

Question 61

When did Austria Declare war on Piedmont for the 2nd war of Independence ?

Answer 61

April 1859 - After Piedmont mobilised on the border of Venetia to provoke them

Question 62

What was the 2 battles in the 2nd war of independence ?

Answer 62

4th June 1859 : Battle of Magenta - Mainly French Victory 24th June 1859 : Battle of Solferino - Milan seized, Armistice signed die to blood shed : 21,000 casualties