Germany : 100 Years Economy

Question 1

How long was the Bismarck Period ?

Answer 1

1871 - 1890

Question 2

How much did Electrical output increase by in what years ?

Answer 2

1890 - 1913 : 18% every year

Question 3

What was the population increase from 1890 - 1910 ?

Answer 3

10m

Question 4

When was Germany the biggest industry in Europe ? (k)

Answer 4

1900

Question 5

In 1872 - 1914, What was Germany’s value of exports up by ?

Answer 5

£365m

Question 6

How much of Europe’s Steel and Coal did Germany produce during Bismarck’s reign ?

Answer 6

2/3 Steel
1/2 Coal

Question 7

How large was Germany’s electrical output during the Kaiserreich ?

Answer 7

20% more then Britain, France and Italy combined

Question 8

When was the WW1 period ?

Answer 8

1914 - 1918

Question 9

What did Walther Rathenua establish ?

Answer 9

1914 - War Raw Materials department, Organised industry to ensure it had enough materials for war

Question 10

What important breakthrough did Rathenua make ?

Answer 10

1915 - Synthetics they couldn’t import, could manufacture nitrates for explosives

Question 11

What Law did Hindenburg & Ludendorff create and what did it do ?

Answer 11

1916 - Auxiliary Service Law : Directed work of all men aged 17- 60

Question 12

What years was the Weimar period ?

Answer 12

1918 - 33

Question 13

How much war debt was inherited ?

Answer 13

140Bn marks

Question 14

When was the Treaty of Versailles and what did it demand ?

Answer 14

1921 - DM 2m per year

Question 15

What was the value of a $1 compared to a DM due to Hyper-inflation ?

Answer 15

1923 - $1 = DM 4.2Tn

Question 16

When was the Wall Street Crash ?

Answer 16

1929

Question 17

What year did industrial production reach pre-WW1 level ?

Answer 17

1927 - GNP grew significantly

Question 18

What years was the Nazi period ?

Answer 18

1933 - 45

Question 19

What happened to unemployment in 1934 ?

Answer 19

Halved

Question 20

Name the most significant public works scheme in Nazi Germany.

Answer 20

RAD

Question 21

By 1938, what % of Gov. expenditure was there on rearmament ?

Answer 21

44%

Question 22

What were the synthetics called in Nazi Germany to boost self-sufficiency ?

Answer 22

Ersatz Materials (Substitutes) like oil, rubber and petrol

Question 23

When did industry production peak ?

Answer 23

1944

Question 24

What years was West Germany ?

Answer 24

1945 - 90

Question 25

Who was the economic minister of West Germany who was trusted with the Marshall plan aid ?

Answer 25

Ludwig Erhard

Question 26

Why did West German industry thrive during 1950-53 ?

Answer 26

US fighting in Korea, required goods Germany excelled in producing

Question 27

What happened to GNP during Erhard's time as economic minister ?

Answer 27

Trebled during 1950s

Question 28

By January 1931 how many factories had closed due to unemployment ?

Answer 28

6m

Question 29

What % of Germanys workforce was unemployed during the great depression ?

Answer 29

40%

Question 30

By what year had the SA gown from 100,000 to ... ?

Answer 30

1932 - 400,000

Question 31

How many members did the Reichsbanner have by 1932 ?

Answer 31

1 million

Question 32

How many people did the Nazis feed in soup kitchens ?

Answer 32

1931 - 200

Question 33

How large did extremist parties grow ?

Answer 33

Nazis gained 6.4m votes KPD gained 4.4m votes

Question 34

By 1963, how big was West Germanys economy ?

Answer 34

Strongest in Europe 3rd in the world

Question 35

How much did the Marshall aid grant ?

Answer 35

$1.4 Bn

Question 36

During the "economic miracle" what did GDP grow by ?

Answer 36

12% in 5 years

Question 37

What was the law of Co-determination ?

Answer 37

1951 - Any business with over 1000 employees in the iron and steel industry had have reps who have a say in how the business is ran

Question 38

By what year did West Germany nearly have full employment ?

Answer 38

1958

Question 39

When did the Germany economy collapse and how many companies went bankrupt ?

Answer 39

1873 - over 150

Question 40

When did Bismarck issue tariffs and why ?

Answer 40

1878 - Openly campaign against the National Liberals

Question 41

When did the Reichstag pass the protective tariff law and who backed it ?

Answer 41

1879 - 2 Conservative parties and the Centre Party

Question 42

When did Kaiser Wilhelm II order the restructuring of the Navy ?

Answer 42

1888

Question 43

When and who established the Navy League ?

Answer 43

1897 - Admiral Von Tripitz - Pressured for Naval expansion

Question 44

By 1914 how large was the German Navy ?

Answer 44

Doubled in size - 2nd Largest after Britain

Question 45

In 1933, who was appointed as president of the Reichsbank ?

Answer 45

Schacht

Question 46

From 1933 - 35, how much was invested in public works scheme ?

Answer 46

RM 5Bn

Question 47

How much did unemployment fall by in 1934-35 ?

Answer 47

2.7m to 1.7m

Question 48

How did Schacht raise war funds ?

Answer 48

Mefo bills

Question 49

How many Mefo Bills were issued ?

Answer 49

RM 12 Bn - Financed 50% of arms expenditure 1934 - 36

Question 50

What did Schacht's new plan introduce ?

Answer 50

1934 - signed agreements with Latin American and Eastern European countries to limit imports

Question 51

Why did Schacht resign ?

Answer 51

Economy focused too much on war not enough on consumer goods

Question 52

What did the 1936, 4 year plan invest heavily in ?

Answer 52

Ersatz materials