Jacobs: Love and Medicine

Question 1

T/F: Marital quality is linked with morbidity and mortality

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Married men and women were 2.5 times more likely to be alive 15 years after CABG than the unmarried (King & Reis, 2011), and those with high levels of marital (blank) were even more likely to survive (2.7 times more likely for men and 3.9 times for women)

Answer 2

satisfaction

Question 3

Couples spend a weekend at an apartment
They are videotaped and hooked up to monitors
Researchers analyze couples’ communication patterns, facial affect, physiology, and oral descriptions of their relationship histories
N = 700 couples
30+ years of longitudinal data
Data are analyzed to see which relationship behaviors are associated with happily married couples and those who divorce

Answer 3

Gottman’s love lab

Question 4

Gottman can predict divorce with 91% accuracy after listening to as little as (blank) minutes of a couple’s interactions in the Love Lab

Answer 4

5

Question 5

4 horsemen of the apocalypse

Answer 5

criticism
contempt
defensiveness
stonewalling

Question 6

attacking your partner’s personality or character rather than a specific behavior, usually with blame

Answer 6

criticism

Question 7

communication with the intent to insult and psychologically abuse your partner

Answer 7

contempt

Question 8

being defensive, playing the victim, denying responsibility, making excuses, cross complaining, and repeating yourself

Answer 8

defensiveness

Question 9

withdrawing from a discussion, most frequently seen in men

Answer 9

stonewalling

Question 10

T/F: Arguing is not necessarily bad for a relationship. It is HOW couples argue that is important.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

The Magic Number: Gottman found that happy couples used (blank) times more positive behaviors in their arguments than negative behaviors
E.g., using humor to break the tension in an argument, expressing affection, acknowledging their partner’s point of view

Answer 11

5

Question 12

T/F: In fighting fair, you should exit an argument gracefully.
T/F: Affect is important.
T/F: Acceptance can be change.

Answer 12

True, true, true

Question 13

Same-sex couples were studied in the Love Lab
12 years of longitudinal data
Relationship satisfaction and quality were about the same for gay, lesbian, and heterosexual couples
Comparable rates of relationship dissolution for homosexual and heterosexual couples

Answer 13

Gottman’s Same-Sex Couples data

Question 14

What did Kurdek find in his Same-Sex Couples data?

Answer 14

Same-sex relationships operate on essentially the same principles as heterosexual relationships. Relationship quality is related to relationship outcome in the same ways for both same-sex and heterosexual couples.

Question 15

T/F: Children in gay and lesbian famililies have been found to have more behavioral problems than children of heterosexual parents.

Answer 15

FALSE!

Question 16

T/F: Children in gay and lesbian families experience negative effects simply due to their parents’ sexual orientation

Answer 16

FALSE!

Question 17

T/F: Children in gay and lesbian families are more likely than children in heterosexual families to be gay or lesbian themselves.

Answer 17

FALSE!

Question 18

Cumulative incidence of divorce among doctors after 30 years of marriage, according to Johns Hopkins Precursors Study - they found that divorce rates amongst physicians vary by (blank)

Answer 18

29%; specialty

Question 19

(blank) of male physicians and (blank) of female physicians were married to other physicians
Data indicate that in the future about (blank) of all physicians will be married to other physicians
Dominant (blank) roles emerged even in dual-doctor marriages
There are benefits and costs of dual-doctor marriages

Answer 19

22%; 44%; half; gender

Question 20

During parenthood, (blank)% of couples experienced a drop in martial quality and marital conflict increased by a factor of (blank)

Answer 20

40-70%; 9

Question 21

During parenthood, partners were at a higher risk for (blank), partners reverted to stereotypic (blank) roles, partners felt (blank) by housework and childcare, father (blank) into work, sharp decrease in marital conversation and (blank), BUT joy and pleasure with the baby increased!

Answer 21

depression; gender roles; overwhelmed; withdrew; sex

Question 22

After a baby, both parents can feel (blank). There will be an increased frequency and intensity of relationship (blank).

Answer 22

unappreciated; conflict

Question 23

T/F: A precipitous drop in mom’s sexual desire is normal after the birth and it stays low for the first year (esp. if she is nursing). Consequently, sex declines dramatically

Answer 23

True

Question 24

T/F: Major change in identity for both mom and dad, along with a change in values and life goals.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

T/F: “Society of women” can crowd out the new dads

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Babies withdraw emotionally from (blank) who are unhappy with their relationships with their partners, which can be tragic for babies. However, babies don’t withdraw from unhappy (blank).

Answer 26

fathers; moms

Question 27

``` Realize that we’re all in the same soup Delight in responding to the baby Cool down your conflicts Savor each other by building a strong friendship Heat up your sex life Add warm fathering to the mix Create an enriching legacy ```

Answer 27

Gottman's ways to preserve martial intimacy and rekindle romance after a baby

Question 28

What portion of marriages fail within the first five years? | What portion of marriages end in divorce?

Answer 28

1/3; 1/2 - 2/3

Question 29

Gottman: the chances of a first marriage ending in divorce over a 40-year period is (blank)%. Some studies find the divorce rate for second marriages is as much as (blank) higher than for first-timers.

Answer 29

67%; 10%

Question 30

What are the two high-risk critical periods for divorce in a the lifespan? When do about half of all divorces occur?

Answer 30

1. the first 7 years of marriage | 2. midlife, when most couples have young teenage children (firstborn age 14)

Question 31

When parents divorce, they boggle between relief and (blank). They have higher rates of these things...

Answer 31

depression; psychopathology, physical illness, suicide, homicide, violence, mortality from disease

Question 32

T/F: The impact of divorce on children depends how the parents divorced, continue to parents, and restructure the family.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

T/F: In children, divorce linked to childhood depression, withdrawal, poor social competence, deleterious health outcomes, lower academic achievement, and conduct problems

Answer 33

True

Question 34

(blank)% of Americans report at least one extramarital sexual encounter during their lives

Answer 34

20-25%

Question 35

Four major forms of abuse

Answer 35

Physical Psychological/emotional Sexual Social/environmental

Question 36

Child abuse/neglect/exploitation Partner abuse Elder abuse/neglect/exploitation/isolation “Elder” in NV is 60 or older

Answer 36

Other types of abuse

Question 37

Physicians are mandated reporters of abuse - must report suspected violations within (blank) hours to proper authorities, as defined by your state

Answer 37

24

Question 38

T/F: abused women utilize health care services more than non-abused women = opportunity to screen

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What is the acronym used to screen for domestic violence? Does it apply to males or females?

Answer 39

H - hurt you physically I - insult you T - threaten to harm you S - scream or curse at you BOTH!

Question 40

Provide info about domestic violence and community resources Tell them it's not their fault - it's a crime Be nonjudgmental Document Ensure their safety

Answer 40

Suggested interventions for DV patients

Question 41

What does RADAR stand for in relation to how physicians should intervene with interpersonal violence?

Answer 41

R - routinely screen for violence and abuse related injury and symptoms during care A - ask questions directly, in a nonjudgmental way D - document findings in the chart A - assess the patients immediate safety R - review and refer patient to in-house and community based resources

Question 42

Gender differences in infidelity

Answer 42

men participate more in infidelity Men - more sexual than emotional Women - more emotional than sexual

Question 43

Specialties with the lowest rate of divorce | Highest rate of divorce

Answer 43

family practice, peds, internal med | psychiatry